必修4U2-4背誦學(xué)案

1、必修4Unit21. struggle vi.&n. 斗爭；拼搏，努力用法：struggle for為.而奮斗struggle against與. .斗爭struggle to do sth (=make great efforts to do sth)努力做某事struggle to ones feet掙扎著站起來2. hunger n.饑餓；欲望 vt.（使）饑餓have a hunger for=be hungry for=hunger for渴望得到【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多種表達(dá)法歸納：hunger for sth. long for sth. hope for s

2、th. wish for sth. be eager for sth. desire sth. hunger to do sth. long to do sth hope to do sth. wish to do sth. be eager to do sth. desire to do sth.3. disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturb sb with sth因某事打擾某人disturbed adj心煩意亂的；不安的；心理失常的be/feel disturbed to do 因?yàn)樽瞿呈露械讲话?、困擾be/feel disturbed about 對感到不安

3、4. rid vt. 擺脫；除去 rid sb. of sth. 使.擺脫或除去 get rid of 擺脫（疾病、壞習(xí)慣等）；除掉（觀點(diǎn)、傳統(tǒng)等）5. be satisfied with 對感到滿意或滿足 satisfy vt.使?jié)M意satisfactory/satisfying adj.令人滿意的；夠好的；可以的satisfaction n.滿足；滿意satisfied adj.滿意的besatisfiedtodo樂意干besatisfiedwith 對.滿意的to ones satisfaction 使某人滿意的是with satisfaction 滿意地6. would rather

4、寧愿；寧可wouldrather sb. did sth 寧愿某人做某事（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）wouldrather sb. had done sth.寧愿某人過去做了某事(與過去相反)wouldratherhavedonesth.要是做過某事就好了；寧愿做過某事(實(shí)際上沒)7. equip vt. (equipped，equipped) 配備；裝備equipment Un設(shè)備equip.with.用裝備be equipped with裝備著equip sb. to do sth. 使有能力做某事；使有所準(zhǔn)備做某事sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有準(zhǔn)備做某事8. confuse vt

5、. 使迷惑；使為難confuse A with B 把A混為B be confused about對感到不解confused adj 感到困惑的，煩惱的confusing adj 令人困惑的confusion n. 騷亂；混亂；混淆9. regret vt.遺憾；惋惜 n.遺憾；懊悔regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遺憾地說/告訴/宣布/通知regret doing/having done sth.后悔做了某事much to ones regret 讓某人深感遺憾的是with regret 遺憾地regrettable adj.令人遺憾的regretful

6、adj.遺憾的10. build up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；加強(qiáng)；增多；積累；建立；開發(fā)聯(lián)想發(fā)散常考的“動詞up”結(jié)構(gòu)有：put up 舉起；搭建；張貼；留宿hold up 阻擋；舉起；延誤give up 放棄set up 建立pick up 撿起；學(xué)會；搭載；好轉(zhuǎn)；接收bring up 撫養(yǎng)；教育；嘔吐take up 占用；開始學(xué)習(xí)(從事)；11. focus n焦點(diǎn)；中心vt.集中；聚焦focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on.把注意力/目光/精力集中在the focus of attention/concern注意力/

7、關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)12. reduce vt.減少；減縮把某物減少到_把某物減少了_淪落為_13. keep.free from/of 使免受(影響、傷害等)；使不含(有害物)protect sb./sth.from 使免受(影響、傷害等)keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事必修4Unit 31. up to now直到現(xiàn)在；到目前為止（通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用）【聯(lián)想拓展】同義短語so far，by/till(until) now up to 多達(dá)；直到；取決于，由決定；能勝任；做，忙于 2. con

8、tent adj. 滿足的，滿意的vt. 使?jié)M足n.（書）目錄；內(nèi)容，容量be/feel content with sth = be/feel satisfied/pleased with 對滿意/ 滿足be content to do sth = be willing to do sth = be pleased to do sth 樂意做某事3.astonish vt 使驚訝(= surprise sb. greatly) be astonished at/ by sth.對某事感到驚訝 be astonished to see / learn.看到 / 得知感覺很驚訝 be astoni

9、shed + that從句 對感到驚訝 to ones astonishment 令驚異的是【聯(lián)想拓展】（1）近義詞：amaze，surprise，shock4.fortunate adj, 意為“幸運(yùn)的；運(yùn)氣好的”，相當(dāng)于lucky，其反義詞為unfortunate。 be fortunate (enough) to do 或be fortunate in doing 很幸運(yùn)It is fortunate that . 真是幸運(yùn)fortune n. “機(jī)會; 命運(yùn); 運(yùn)氣5.badly off 窮的；處境差；缺少的（for sth）比較級：worse off境況更差，更窮困反義詞：well

10、off富裕，處境好（比較級：better off境況更佳）go from bad to worse 越來越差，每況愈下 worse and worse越來越差，每況愈下6.entertain vt. & vi. 使歡樂, 招待, 款待entertaining adj. 使人愉快的，有趣的an entertaining story/guest一個(gè)有趣的故事/客人entertainment n.款待，請客；娛樂，消遣7.throughout prep.遍及, 貫穿adv. 到處, 始終, 全部1)作介詞時(shí)，throughout + 地點(diǎn) = all over + 地點(diǎn)throughout + 時(shí)間

11、 = all through + 時(shí)間常見的搭配有：throughout the day 整天throughout ones life 終生throughout the country 遍及全國2)throughout 作副詞時(shí)，常用于句尾。如：The house is painted throughout / all over.這所房子全部油漆了一遍。8.particular adj.特殊的，特別的；特有的，獨(dú)特的；講究的，苛求的，挑剔的；細(xì)致的，詳細(xì)的be particular about/over .對講究/挑剔in particular=especially 特別，尤其particul

12、arly特別地，格外地9. pick out挑出；辨別出；挑選；領(lǐng)會；理解pick ones pocket 扒竊pick up 撿(拾)起；收拾；整理；(偶然)學(xué)會；用車接某人；收聽到；身體好轉(zhuǎn)10. cut off切斷；中斷cut down砍掉；削減；減少cut in插嘴；強(qiáng)行超車cut up切碎；使傷心11. convince vt.使信服convincing adj. 令人信服的convinced adj.確信的；深信的convince sb.of sth.讓某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事convince sb.that .使某人相信be firm

13、ly convinced of sth./that .確信；堅(jiān)信12. direct vt.& vi.導(dǎo)演；指示；指揮adj.直的；直接的；直率的direction n方向；說明director n導(dǎo)演；主任directly adv.直接地 conj.一就(1)direct sb. to do sth.指示(令)某人做某事(2)in the direction of.朝方向in all directionsin every direction 朝四面八方13. whisper n. 耳語；低語 vt.&vi 低語；小聲說whisper to sb （that） 向某人低聲說It is / wa

14、s whispered that 有人私下說；傳聞 in whispers = in a whisper = in a low voice 低聲地14. react vi. 做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)react to sth. = respond to sth. 對某事作出反應(yīng)；15. as is known to everyone眾所周知as is often the case情況常常如此as is said/mentioned above綜上所述as is reported in the newspaper正如報(bào)紙上報(bào)道的as an old saying goes俗話說；常言道as sb. puts

15、it 正如某人所說必修4Unit41. represent vt.代表；作為的代表；象征；表示；(尤指以繪畫、雕刻等)表現(xiàn)，描繪；描寫represent sb. as/to be 宣稱某人為represent sth. to sb.向某人說明/傳達(dá)某事= represent to sb. sth.represent.as.把描繪成represent sb. To do sth. 代表某人做某事 representation n.代表，代表團(tuán)；代理；描寫；表現(xiàn)representative adj.代表性的;典型的 n.代表，代理人a representative of 的代表（近義詞）stand

16、 for2. curious adj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的be curious to do sth.渴望去做某事be curious about/with 對好奇It is curious that-clause 很奇怪curiously adv.好奇地；古怪地curiosity n.好奇，好奇心；珍品，古玩meet/satisfy ones curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇in/with curiosity = curiously 好奇地3. approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近;處理 n.接近方法；途徑 approach sb./

17、sth.接近某人/物即將來臨：be approaching；be coming；be around the corner； be on the way；draw near (做）某事的方法/途徑:the approach to (doing) sth = the way to do/of doing sth.= the method of doing sth.= the means of doing sth.跟to 搭配的常見名詞有：answer, key, solution, visit, way, path, contribution, entrance,devotion用這種方法:in

18、this way,by this means,with this method處理： approach; deal with; handle; address解決：solve; work out; settle; fix（近義詞）way, method, manner4. defend vt.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；為辯護(hù)defend.against/from 防御或保衛(wèi)以免受defence n.防御；保衛(wèi)in defence of 防御；保衛(wèi)5.be likely to 很可能；有希望sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/某物可能做某事It is likely that.做是可能的; 很有可能unlikely adj.不太可能的6.in general 總的來說；通常as a general rule 一般而言；通常generally speaking 一般說來It is generally believed/acknowledged that人們普遍認(rèn)為全面的,總的，整體的general opinion / books of general interest 普遍感興趣general 概括性的；籠統(tǒng)/大體的 a general idea of the passage 這段文