必修四module6languagepoints

1、1. attack v. 襲擊；攻擊；襲擊；攻擊；(疾病疾病)侵襲侵襲 n. 攻擊；抨擊；病情發(fā)作攻擊；抨擊；病情發(fā)作(可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞)【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它很容易發(fā)怒并會(huì)攻擊任何靠近它的人。它很容易發(fā)怒并會(huì)攻擊任何靠近它的人。The baby is in poor health, and it is often attacked with a disease. 嬰兒的身體狀況很差，經(jīng)常患病。嬰兒的身體狀況很差，經(jīng)常患病。The soldiers made a

2、strong attack on the enemy. 戰(zhàn)士們向敵人發(fā)起猛烈進(jìn)攻。戰(zhàn)士們向敵人發(fā)起猛烈進(jìn)攻。 A deputy died of a heart attack during the meeting. 大會(huì)期間一名代表因心臟病去世。大會(huì)期間一名代表因心臟病去世?！練w納拓展【歸納拓展】attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻擊某人用某物攻擊某人be attacked with a disease 患病患病make an attack on 攻擊攻擊under attack 受到攻擊受到攻擊a heart attack 心臟病突發(fā)心臟病突發(fā)【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】完成句子。完成

3、句子。她開始用一塊木頭猛打進(jìn)屋行竊的小偷。她開始用一塊木頭猛打進(jìn)屋行竊的小偷。She started _ the burglar with a piece of wood. 我們又一次遭到敵人戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的襲擊。我們又一次遭到敵人戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的襲擊。Once again we came _ _ from the enemys fighter planes. attackingunder attackIf you were _ in the street, would you be able to defend yourself?A. destroyed B. attackedC. advised D. k

4、illed【解析【解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你在街上遭遇?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你在街上遭遇襲擊的話，你能夠保護(hù)自己?jiǎn)?？襲擊的話，你能夠保護(hù)自己?jiǎn)幔縜ttack“進(jìn)攻，攻擊進(jìn)攻，攻擊”，與題，與題意相符。意相符。destroy“毀掉毀掉”；advise“建議建議”；kill“殺死殺死”，均不，均不符合后面的語(yǔ)境。符合后面的語(yǔ)境。 2frightening adj. 嚇人的；令人恐懼的 Last night I heard a frightening sound. 昨晚我聽到了可怕的聲音。 知識(shí)拓展 1)frightened adj. (人)感到害怕的；恐懼的 The li

5、ttle girl was frightened by the big dog. 那個(gè)小女子被這條大狗嚇壞了。 I am frightened of snakes. 我害怕蛇。 2)frighten vt. 使恐懼；使害怕 The dog frightened the cat away. 那只狗把那只貓嚇跑了?！練w納拓展【歸納拓展】(1)frightened adj. 受驚的；害怕的受驚的；害怕的(常指人常指人 內(nèi)心的感受內(nèi)心的感受)be frightened at 對(duì)對(duì)感到恐懼感到恐懼/害怕害怕be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕害怕(做做)某事某事be frig

6、htened to death 被嚇得要死被嚇得要死(2)frighten v. (使使)驚恐驚恐frighten sb. into doing sth. 嚇唬某人做某事嚇唬某人做某事frighten sb. out of doing sth. 嚇得某人不敢做某事嚇得某人不敢做某事【想一想【想一想】類似用法的詞還有哪些？舉出至少四個(gè)例子。類似用法的詞還有哪些？舉出至少四個(gè)例子。【參考答案【參考答案】surprised/surprising; excited/exciting;interested/interesting; puzzled/puzzling;disappointed/disapp

7、ointing; tired/tiring3. exist vi. 存在；在逆境中生活存在；在逆境中生活【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】Some people in some poor countries receive wages that allow them to exist but not to live. 有些貧困國(guó)家的人民的收入只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。有些貧困國(guó)家的人民的收入只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。Uncertainty and confusion began to exist in the company. 不確定性和混亂在公司里開始產(chǎn)生。不確定性和混亂在公司里開始產(chǎn)生。It was impossib

8、le for them to exist on such a small income. 他們要靠這一點(diǎn)收入生活是不可能的。他們要靠這一點(diǎn)收入生活是不可能的。【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】exist in 存在于存在于exist on 靠靠生存生存existence n. 存在；存在； 生存生存come into existence 出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生When did the world come into existence?世界是什么時(shí)候產(chǎn)生的世界是什么時(shí)候產(chǎn)生的?【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】同義詞替換。同義詞替換。I can hardly exist on the wage Im getting.

9、_When did the earth come into existence?_There is nothing _ (存在的存在的) that is unchanging. live oncome into beingexistingThe director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.

10、 據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見怪獸就據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見怪獸就在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的?！揪涫椒治觥揪涫椒治觥?2)seem用法一覽表。用法一覽表。 (to be)+形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞 好像好像，似乎，似乎seem to do sth. 好像要做，似乎要做某事好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名詞名詞 像像，似乎是，似乎是It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看來(lái)在某人看來(lái))好像好像， 仿佛仿佛It seems as if (as though). . . 看樣

11、子似乎是看樣子似乎是There seems to be. . . 似乎有似乎有The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain. 綠葉在雨后顯得更美了。綠葉在雨后顯得更美了。He seems to know everything. = It seems that he knows everything. 他似乎什么都知道。他似乎什么都知道。It seems like years since we last met. 我們似乎好幾年不見了。我們似乎好幾年不見了。It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems

12、 to be lying. 看樣子他好像在撒謊?？礃幼铀孟裨谌鲋e?！炯磳W(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】The engine just wont start. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have goneC. going D. having gone【解析【解析】選選B。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的不定式。句意：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的不定式。句意：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)不起來(lái)了，似乎出問(wèn)題了。動(dòng)不起來(lái)了，似乎出問(wèn)題了。seem之后常接不定式，表示之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么樣了似乎怎么樣了”，不接，不接doing；其次，出問(wèn)題是發(fā)生在；其次，出問(wèn)題是發(fā)

13、生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。 辨析：seem, appear與look seem暗示判斷有一定根據(jù)，比較接近事實(shí)。 appear強(qiáng)調(diào)外表給人的印象，但事實(shí)不一定如此。 look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that從句，但可用于It looks as if.結(jié)構(gòu)中。 即學(xué)即用 He seems_the truth. Otherwise, he would not be so angry. Ato have known Bknow Cknowing Dto be knowing 答案：A He claims to have seen a rou

14、nd black creature moving quickly through the water. 他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。【句式分析【句式分析】 句中的句中的to have seen是不定式的完成式是不定式的完成式,表示該動(dòng)作在句中表示該動(dòng)作在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞claim前已經(jīng)發(fā)生并完成。前已經(jīng)發(fā)生并完成。A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機(jī)。大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機(jī)。Youd better t

15、ell your father the truth. He seemed to have known the matter. 你最好告訴你父親事情的真相。他好像知道這件事了。你最好告訴你父親事情的真相。他好像知道這件事了。 My brain doesnt seem to be working well today. 我的腦筋今天好像不太靈活。我的腦筋今天好像不太靈活。【易混辨析【易混辨析】不定式通常有一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式三種形式不定式通常有一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式三種形式:to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后作之后to be

16、doing表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間發(fā)生表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間發(fā)生,并且正在并且正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作to have done表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作之前表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作之前【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。In the e-mail, I wrote, “I expect _ you, my old friend. ” (see)He seemed _ a novel when I came into the classroom. (read) Bob isnt performing. He is said _ the stage,

17、as he has become an officer. (leave) to seeto be readingto have left4. claim vt. 聲稱；聲稱；(根據(jù)權(quán)利根據(jù)權(quán)利)要求；認(rèn)領(lǐng)要求；認(rèn)領(lǐng) vi. 要求；聲稱要求；聲稱 n. (根據(jù)權(quán)利而提出的根據(jù)權(quán)利而提出的)要求；索賠；主張；斷言要求；索賠；主張；斷言 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】Xue Junlin,a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse. 薛軍林薛軍林,一位當(dāng)?shù)氐臄z影師一位當(dāng)?shù)氐臄z影師,聲稱那個(gè)怪獸的頭看起來(lái)像馬。聲稱那個(gè)怪獸的頭

18、看起來(lái)像馬。She claimed to have ever been met by the president. She claimed that she had ever been met by the president. 她宣稱曾被總統(tǒng)接見過(guò)。她宣稱曾被總統(tǒng)接見過(guò)。It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink. 據(jù)說(shuō)肥皂粉污染我們的飲用水。據(jù)說(shuō)肥皂粉污染我們的飲用水。They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance. 他們?cè)谛欣畋煌岛笙虮ｋU(xiǎn)公司提

19、出索賠要求。他們?cè)谛欣畋煌岛笙虮ｋU(xiǎn)公司提出索賠要求。【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】5calm adj. 平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的 v. (使使)平靜；平靜；(使使)鎮(zhèn)定鎮(zhèn)定【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】You should keep calm even in the face of danger. 即使面臨危險(xiǎn)即使面臨危險(xiǎn), 你也應(yīng)當(dāng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜。你也應(yīng)當(dāng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜。Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse. 她設(shè)法使他們平靜下來(lái)她設(shè)法使他們平靜下來(lái), 不料卻適得其反。不料卻適得其反。 【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜保持鎮(zhèn)靜

20、calm down 平靜下來(lái)平靜下來(lái);鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)【易混辨析【易混辨析】calm主要指氣候、海洋等風(fēng)平浪靜的；主要指氣候、海洋等風(fēng)平浪靜的；也可指人也可指人“安靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的安靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的”keep calm保持保持鎮(zhèn)靜；不慌張鎮(zhèn)靜；不慌張quiet指沒(méi)有吵鬧、嘈雜的聲音，也可指指沒(méi)有吵鬧、嘈雜的聲音，也可指人性格安靜人性格安靜keep quiet保持保持安靜安靜still指保持某種姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也可以指保持某種姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也可以指環(huán)境的安靜指環(huán)境的安靜keep still保持保持靜止靜止silent強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有聲音或默不作聲沒(méi)有聲音或默不作聲”keep silent保持保持沉默沉默【即

21、學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】用用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。填空。When facing danger, we should keep _;when taken photos, we should keep _;when someone else is asleep, we should keep _;but in class, we shouldnt keep _ about the teachers questions. 我們面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)應(yīng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜；照相時(shí)要保持不動(dòng)；當(dāng)其他人我們面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)應(yīng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜；照相時(shí)要保持不動(dòng)；當(dāng)其他人睡覺(jué)時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜；但是在課堂上，對(duì)老師的問(wèn)題不應(yīng)保持

22、睡覺(jué)時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜；但是在課堂上，對(duì)老師的問(wèn)題不應(yīng)保持沉默。沉默。calmstillquietsilent6. sceptical adj. 懷疑的；不相信的懷疑的；不相信的【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】Scientists, however, are sceptical. 然而，然而， 科學(xué)家們對(duì)此表示懷疑?？茖W(xué)家們對(duì)此表示懷疑。Netizens were rather sceptical about/of that girls sympathy for the poor. 那個(gè)女孩聲稱同情窮人那個(gè)女孩聲稱同情窮人, 網(wǎng)友對(duì)此有些懷疑。網(wǎng)友對(duì)此有些懷疑。【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】be sceptical a

23、bout/of sth. 懷疑某事懷疑某事sceptic n. C持懷疑態(tài)度的人；懷疑論者持懷疑態(tài)度的人；懷疑論者7. cover vt. 占地多大占地多大(面積面積) 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. 它大約有它大約有2 189米高，占地約米高，占地約10平方千米。平方千米。She covered her face with her hands. 她雙手掩面。她雙手掩面。Ill send our best reporters to cover the 20

24、16 Olympic Games. 我要派我們最優(yōu)秀的記者去采訪我要派我們最優(yōu)秀的記者去采訪2016年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。We covered about 30 miles a day. 我們每天大約走三十英里。我們每天大約走三十英里?！練w納拓展【歸納拓展】【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】Do you have enough money to _ all your daily expenses?Oh yes,enough and to spare. A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer【解析【解析】選選A。問(wèn)句句意：你有足夠的錢來(lái)支付你所有的日常。問(wèn)句句意：你有足夠的錢來(lái)支

25、付你所有的日常開銷嗎？開銷嗎？cover“支付支付”，符合句意。，符合句意。spend“花費(fèi)花費(fèi)”；fill“填填充充”；offer“給予給予”。12. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. 據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見怪獸就據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見怪獸就在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。