高中英語必修五 Unit2 The United Kingdom-語法篇（教師版）

1、.Unit2 The United Kingdom-語法篇_1. 學會過去分詞作賓補的用法；2. 理解作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關系3. 可以使用過去分詞做賓補的情況作對相關題目，靈敏使用。過去分詞作賓補作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關系 1.及物動詞短語的過去分詞用作賓語補足語時，賓語即是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，賓語和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動關系。例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把這封信寄出去。 2. 少數(shù)不及物動詞如 go, change, fall 等的過去分詞作賓語補足語時，僅表示動作完成。因此，賓語與過去分詞之間不存在邏輯上的被動關系。例如：

2、She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她發(fā)現(xiàn)項鏈不見了。3. 動詞 seat, hide, dress, lose, devote 等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動的意義，因此，雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關系，但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我進來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。需用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況:1.使役動詞get ,have ,make, keep，leave

3、等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補足語，表：“致使某人或某事被We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.2 .感官動詞feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做。I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned d

4、own.I saw him beaten by his mother.3. 表示“意欲；命令的動詞如：like ,order, want, wish,相當于過去分詞短語前省略了to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做I wish these letters to be typed as soon as possibleHe didnt want such question discussed at the meeting.The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 1感feel 1聞smell 1發(fā)現(xiàn)find2聽hear, listen

5、to, 3情感 want, wish, like4使役 keep, leave, get, have, make4看watch, notice, see, look at, observe, catch +sth./sb. done4.有時過去分詞作賓補可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，這時過去分詞改作主語補足語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。The door was found broken.5.“with 賓語過去分詞構造中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 的賓語補足語。這一構造通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tie

6、d behind his back.兇手被帶進來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。表方式With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。表條件 With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。表原因 注意：在這一構造中，當賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補的動詞是及物動詞時，身體部位通常是過去分詞的邏輯賓語，因此過去分詞不可換用如今分詞。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著

7、他 fix ones eyes on 為固定短語，因此，不可將句中 fixed 換為 fixing He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然舉著手站了一會兒。用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補時，用如今分詞的形式。She felt her heart beating fast. 她覺得心跳很快。beat 意為“心跳，是不及物動詞 掌握“使役動詞 have + 賓語過去分詞的幾種含義 在“ have 賓語過去分詞構造中，過去分詞作賓語補足語，have 也可用 get.這一構造具有以下幾種含義：1.意為“主語請別人做某事。

8、例如：He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去檢查眼睛?！皺z查的動作由醫(yī)生來進展 2. 意為“主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測的事情。例如： Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 注意，否那么會弄傷手的。 3. 意為“使完成某事，事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語參與完成。例如： He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墻漆了。主語自己可能參與 4. 過去分詞與不定式,如今分詞作賓補的區(qū)別:三者與賓語邏輯上都是主謂關系，但過去分詞強調(diào)他

9、們之間的被動關系，不定式強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，如今分詞強調(diào)他們之間的主動關系，正在進展。I saw her taken out of the classroom.I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.省略to的情況：1 情態(tài)動詞 除ought 外，ought to;2 使役動詞 let, have, make;3 感官動詞 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補，省略to。注

10、意：在被動語態(tài)中那么to 不能省掉。I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.1. Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English _in a short period of time.A. improvedB. improving C. to improve D. improve解析：

11、句意為：李華希望他的英語老師提出一個好方法，能使他的英語可以在短時間內(nèi)得以進步。此題考察have sth.done這一短語的使用。因English與動詞improve之間是被動關系，應選A項。B、D項表主動關系，故排除。答案：A2. When the minister came to the snow­stricken area，he was happy to see the disaster victims well_.A. take care ofB. took care of C. taken care ofD. taking care of解析：考察非謂語動詞。從句子的構造和

12、語意可以看出victims 與take care of 存在邏輯上的動賓關系，因此使用被動形式，在句中充當賓語補足語。答案：C3. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _with her stories.A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused解析：句意為：Lucy很有幽默感，總是講故事讓她的同事消遣?？疾旆侵^語動詞作賓補。首先排除C、D，因為keep 后不用不定式作賓補。amused 覺得好笑的；amusing 逗人笑的，令人覺得好笑的。答案：A

13、4. The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself _by a young man in black.A. was followedB. followed C. followingD. had been followed解析：考察非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語意可知，follow和herself之間是動賓關系，因此用動詞的過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。注意：found后不是句子，A、D兩項可直接排除。答案：B5. Television has so many advantages. It keeps us _about the _news, and

14、it also provides entertainment in the home.A. informed; latestB. to know; later C. learning; later D. to think; latest解析：此題考察keep sb.done的構造以及形容詞的最高級的用法。句意為“電視有如此多的好處，它使我們知道最新的消息，而且給我們在家里提供娛樂。根據(jù)句意可知第一個空白處應用informed作us的賓語補足語，表示“我們被告知，而the latest news那么表示“最新消息。答案：A根底演練一、用所給詞的適當形式填空1. The teacher will

15、have Nancy _clean the classroom today.2. When I came here, I saw him _read an English book.3. The woman wanted her husband _examine at once.4. I want him _finish the homework in time.5. Three famous parks in and around London had over 1,400 trees _blow over.6. What he had said made me _surprise. 7.

16、The murderer was brought in, with his hands _tie behind his back.8. I was wondering why they kept the door _lock for such a long time.答案：1.clean2.reading3.examined4.to finish 5. blown6.surprised7.tied8.locked二、完成句子1. 學生們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的老師們很忙。形容詞作賓語補足語The students _.2. 我非常抱歉讓你等了這么長時間。如今分詞作賓語補足語Im sorry to _ so

17、long.3. 請別拘謹。介詞短語作賓語補足語Please _ yourself _.4. 當他回到教室的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的課桌被挪動了。過去分詞作賓語補足語When he went back to the classroom,_.5. 周圍種了許多漂亮的花，他的房子看上去就像一個花園。過去分詞作賓語補足語_ around the building, his house looks like a garden.答案:1.found their teachers very busy2.keep you waiting3.make; at home4.he found his desk moved5

18、. With many beautiful flowers planted穩(wěn)固進步一、單項填空1. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid2. Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized3. He

19、len had to shout above the sound of the music _.A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard4. Having passed all the tests, she felt a great weight _ off her mind.A. taking B. taken C. take D. to be taken5. We are pleased to see the problem _so quickly

20、.A. settled B. having been settledC. be settled D. settling6. The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself _ by a young man in black.A. was followed B. followedC. following D. had been followed7. Mother was upset that her son went out to play games, leaving his homework _.A. done B. doing C.

21、 undone D. do8. I dont want the children _ out in such weather.A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking9. They kept their eyes _ upon the screen as an exciting football match was televised live. A. fixing B. to be fixed C. to fix D. fixed10. When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair _ short.

22、A. cutting B. to be cut C. being cut D. cut11. With all the money _, the man cant afford a ticket.A. stealed B. stolen C. stealing D. be stolen12. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _.A. speaking B. speak C. spoken D. to speak13. To their great fear, they found _ in t

23、he heaviest snowfall they had ever had.A. they were catching B. themselves caughtC. they had caught D. themselves catching14. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _went wrong again.A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired15. I have had my bike_, and Im go

24、ing to have somebody _my radio tomorrow.A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repairedC. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing答案：1.A2. D 3. D4. B5. A6. B7. C8. C9. D10. D11. B12. C13. B14. C15. C一、單項填空1. 2019. 南平畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢We are all convinced that time, _effectively, is money in the bank.A. to use

25、B. used C. using D. use2. Though he didnt go to college, he won two gold medals _ four silver medals.A. than B. plus C. by D. beyond3. What _ the doctors most was that they could not find the cause of the strange disease.A. enjoyed B. puzzled C. charged D. promised4. I heard from my mother just now

26、and I was anxious _ the letter to read it.A. folding B. unfolding C. to unfold D. to fold5. What he said _ a great effect upon us.A. have B. does have C. having D. to have6. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _.A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening7. Im surprised to hear t

27、hat Sue and Paul have _.So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up8. 2019·金華十校聯(lián)考_not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.A. Being reminded B. To remind C. Having re

28、mindedD. Reminded9. John plays basketball _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as10. _ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted11. He accepted t

29、he suggestion that the task _ the next day.A. be finished B. could be finishedC. would be finished D. will be finished12. No one likes to see his feelings_, so Gabriel Oak turned away.A. laugh at B. to be laughed atC. laughing at D. laughed at13. _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer pl

30、ayers may one day grow into international stars.A. Giving B. Having givenC. To give D. Given14. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse.A. not if dealt carefully withB. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully withD. not if carefully dealt with15. 2019.長沙市南雅中學模擬_that he might l

31、ose his job, Peter always works extra hours to please his boss.A. Worrying B. Having worried C. Having been worried D. Worried16. We have got well prepared for the 2019 Olympic Games. Im sure that everyone from the world will have aan_travel in Beijing.A. enjoyful B. pleased C. enjoyable D. pleasing

32、17. 2019. 皖南八校第三次聯(lián)考It is necessary that we keep the young generation _of the current affairs.A. informed B. being informed C. informing D. to inform18. Be careful not to _any letter when you spell the word.A. leave off B. leave out C. pick out D. take off19. We will try our best to save them out if

33、there seems _any sign of life in the fallen buildings.A. to have B. to be C. have come D. coming20. 2019·東北四市模擬一The teacher was a bit surprised since she seldom saw articles _in red ink.A. write B. writing C. written D. to be written答案：1. B 2. B 3. B4. C5. B6. A7. A8. D9. B10. B11. A12. D13. D1

34、4. B15. D16. C 17. A18. B19. B20. C二、完成句子1. 面對這樣困難的形勢，我們不知道該做什么。_, we dont know what to do.2. 山頂上有一棵古松。_ an old pin tree on the top of the hill.3. 幾分鐘前他分開家前往車站。_ a few minutes ago.4. 簡的父親為她買了一輛新跑車，她為此感到自豪。Janes father bought her a new race car and _.5. 我沿著大街走時，聽到有人喊我的名字。_, I _ my name _.答案：1. Faced

35、with such a difficult situation2. There stands3. He left home for station4. she felt proud of it5. While walking along the street; heard; called_一、閱讀理解ANew York City consists of five boroughs：Manhattan，Brooklyn，Queens，the Bronx and Staten Island. The population is about 7.5 million living in Manhatt

36、an.Manhattan, the center of the city，is on an island between the Hudson River and the East River.Most of the famous buildings such as the Empire State and the United Nations and other skyscrapers are in Manhattan. Some of its districts are Broadway，which has many theaters and cinemas；the Fifth Avenu

37、e，with stores and apartments；Greenwich Village，where many artists and writers have lived；and Central Park，with a small zoo and a skating rink.From Manhattan you have to cross to the other boroughs through a tunnel or over a bridge. The bridge from Brooklyn to Staten Island is the longest in the worl

38、d.New York is the second largest port in the world and it has two airports：Kennedy International for international flights and La Guaridia for flights inside the USA. Its temperature goes from very cold in winter sometimes twenty degrees centigrade below zero to very hot in summer sometimes 40 degre

39、es centigrade. The people who live there come from all over the world and speak many different languages；there are 324 Germans and 390,000 Poles as well as people from Greece，Scotland，Ireland，Hungary，Italy and Romania. People call one district “Little Italy and another “Chinatown. 1. What do we know

40、 about Manhattan?A. Manhattan is in the east of the city of New York.B. There are lots of high­rises in Manhattan.C. Manhattan is not a place for artists to live in.D. Manhattan is connected to the other parts of New York by way of highways.2. If you want to see wonderful plays, you should go t

41、o_.A. the Fifth AvenueB. Central ParkC. BroadwayD. the Empire State Building3. One district of New York City is called “Chinatown because_.A. it is part of China and is administered by the Chinese governmentB. the main citizens there are mainly from ChinatownC. it is a district that has a large numb

42、er of Chinese peopleD. it is a district that is famous for China making4. If you go from Italy，you are supposed to get to New York through _Airport.A. Kennedy InternationalB. La GuaridiaC. either of the above twoD. neither of the above two答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.ABI am wearing a small red ribbon this morni

43、ng to remind myself and others around me that today is World AIDS Day.The red ribbon，an international symbol of AIDS awareness，is gaining increasing public recognition as more Chinese，from top leaders to movie stars, wear it today.Gone were the days when the topic of HIV/AIDS was a public and media

44、taboo禁忌. Over the past few years，we have watched，read and heard many stories from doctors，volunteers and public health officials at the forefront of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.Quite a few people with HIV/AIDS have come forward to share their experiences on TV or in the media.The local and cen

45、tral governments have become more forthcoming be helpful with their new prevention and treatment programs，and financial input. The latter rose from less than 1 million Yuan US$ 121,000 in 1986 to a pledge of 800 million Yuan US$98.8 million in the year of 2019.The change from silence to public and m

46、edia campaigns with official promises has been remarkable, especially since China battled through the SARS crisis.But have we got a full understanding on HIV/AIDS? What do we know about the extent of HIV/AIDS in China?The figures，ranging from confirmed cases to estimates，remain debated. After all, n

47、o more than a year has passed since the policy of free medical tests was making public. Unknown numbers from the high­risk groups drug addicts and people working in sex­related place as well as farmers who once sold blood could still be reluctant to come forward.1. What does the red ribbon stand for?A. AIDS.B. World AIDS Day.C. AIDS awareness.D. AIDS prevention and treatment.2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. T