2019年高考英語語法填空考點梳理與練習

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上語法填空考點梳理與練習有提示詞考點梳理語法填空高考解讀語法填空題每小題1.5分，共10小題，總分為15分。其命題特點如下：1、長度：200詞左右的短文2、命題形式：有提示詞填空（7個），無提示詞填空（3個）3、主要的語法考點有提示詞：名詞，動詞，形容詞和副詞，詞性轉(zhuǎn)化無提示詞：連詞，冠詞，代詞，介詞，特殊句式ATTENTION PLEASE!語法填空作為高考英語的必考題型，主要考查我們的語法積累和運用能力。在積累了眾多語法知識的基礎(chǔ)上，相信同學們已經(jīng)有了一些做這道題的能力和技巧，那怎么才能保證我們做這道題準確率高而且速度快呢？下面我們將對語法填空題型進行考點梳理。和高

2、考的親密接觸給同學們10分鐘的時間，一起來挑戰(zhàn)一下吧！According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. While running

3、regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deat

4、hs from all 7 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 9 (energy

5、). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 同學們能否總結(jié)出語法填空這個題型知識點考查的方向和重難點呢？針對這個題型，同學們在做題的時候都會遇到什么問題？和小伙伴們一起討論一下吧!A young man asked Socrates the secret to success Socrates told the young man to meet him

6、near the river the next morning. They met. Socrates asked the young man to walk with him toward the river. When the water got up to their neck, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water. The boy struggled to get out but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the boy

7、 started turning blue. Socrates pulled his head out of the water and the first thing the young man did was to gasp and take a deep breath of air. Socrates asked, “What did you want the most when you were there?” The boy replied, “Air.” Socrates said, “That is the secret to success. When you want suc

8、cess as badly as you wanted the air, then you will get it. There is no other secret.” 考點一 名詞考查內(nèi)容（1）n and n并列例如：His kindness and _（achieve）impressed me.（2）（a/an/the）+adj+n 例如：The _（express）in his eyes told me something was wrong.（3）介詞+nSeveral proposals are under _（consider）.（4）形容詞性物主代詞+n（5）序數(shù)詞+nIt i

9、s the third _（describe）about the bird.many/several+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)much+不可數(shù)名詞some/a lot of/lots of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞名詞變復數(shù)變化規(guī)律1.一般情況，加-s; 如map-maps2.以s，sh，ch，x等結(jié)尾的詞，加-es; 如：bus- buses3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加es; 如：baby- babies牛刀小試 1. For most of us the_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work.2.I'd

10、skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese_(painting).3. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_(attract).4.The nursery team switches him every few_(day) with his sister.考

11、點二 動詞討論與總結(jié)同學們還記得常見的時態(tài)有哪幾種嗎？他們的基本結(jié)構(gòu)分別是什么，和小伙伴們一起討論一下吧！考查方向1、 Tom _（play）football yesterday.2、 I saw the boy _（play）near the river.3、 The story is very _（interest）.如果括號中給的提示詞是動詞時，首先判定考查的是謂語動詞、非謂語動詞還是詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？疾閮?nèi)容一、謂語動詞1、判定考查謂語動詞的依據(jù)（1）逗號不能連接兩個句子。例如：Two years ago,he went to the Great Wall.（2）在一個簡單句中，只能有一個謂語

12、或并列謂語。例如：He walked into the classroom.He walked into the classroom and began his class.He walked into the classroom whistling a popular tune.2、謂語動詞考察方向：時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致（1）時態(tài)判斷依據(jù)：如果該空所在的句子中有時間狀語，則依據(jù)時間狀語判斷相應(yīng)的動詞時態(tài)。例如：He _（write）eight books so far.如果該空所在的句子中有并列謂語，則保持并列謂語的時態(tài)一致。例如：He got up early and _（go）to sc

13、hool.如果上述兩種情況都不存在時，則根據(jù)上下文的時態(tài)正確選擇謂語動詞的時態(tài)。（2）語態(tài)判斷謂語動詞與主語在邏輯上是主動還是被動關(guān)系，從而選擇謂語動詞語態(tài)是主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)謂語動詞形式：be done例如：All the employees _（encourage）to work online at home.（3）主謂一致如果主語是單數(shù)，那么謂語動詞也是單數(shù)；如果主語是復數(shù)，那么謂語動詞是復數(shù)。就近原則。通常使用就近原則的詞組有or，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also，There be句型例如：Either you or I _（be）h

14、appy.就遠原則。通常使用就遠原則的詞組有:名詞或代詞with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，as much as，but，expect例如：Tom as well as his friends _（be）invited to the party.總結(jié)：謂語動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致做題思路：1、要判斷括號中所給動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，2、要判斷用哪一種時態(tài)3、要根據(jù)主語與謂語動詞的關(guān)系判斷用主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)4、要注意主謂一致,最后才能確定所填動詞的形式。在確定謂語動詞的時態(tài)時,我們可從三個方面來進行判斷

15、:1、看句子中的時間狀語或時間狀語從句；2、在沒有時間狀語或時間狀語從句時；3、根據(jù)上下文時態(tài)判斷謂語動詞時態(tài)牛刀小試1、Three people _（take）to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic.2、At that time,soda pop was sold in bottles,and they were washed and _（fill）again.3、There_（be）a book and two pens on the desk.4、Two years ago,the three of us _（g

16、o）up to Mt.Lushan.5、It was raining lightly when I _（arrive）in Yangshuo just before dawn.二、非謂語動詞 1、判定考查非謂語動詞的依據(jù)：根據(jù)概念（在一個句子中，除了謂語動詞之外的其他動詞形式稱為非謂語動詞）2、非謂語動詞的形式及意義基本形式：to do 表示將來、目的、主動 變化形式：to be done 將來、被動 doing 表示進行、主動 being done 進行、被動 done 表示完成、被動 having done 完成、主動 having been done完成、被動3、非謂語動詞的做題思路（1

17、）判定是否是非謂語動詞。（根據(jù)非謂語動詞的概念）（2）找邏輯主語，分析邏輯主語與非謂語動詞之間的主動被動關(guān)系。（3）分析非謂語動詞與謂語動詞之間的時間先后關(guān)系。（4）根據(jù)非謂語動詞的基本形式和變化形式及其所表達的意義，判定出最終非謂語動詞的形式。4、非謂語動詞的固定搭配（1）doing做主語例如：playing with his friends makes him happy every day.（2）only to do表示出人意料的結(jié)果例如：He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.（3）主語+be+adj+to d

18、o例如：The cake is easy to make.（4）have trouble/problems/difficulty+（in）doing sth/with sth（5）It takes sb some time/money to do sth（6）跟to do形式作賓語（7）跟doing形式作主語（8）介詞后加doing形式作賓語牛刀小試1.I enjoy _(climb)mountains whenever I can find the time to do so.2.It took years of work_(reduce)the industrial pollution a

19、nd clean the water.3. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _(be) late for school.4. Abercrombie& Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_ (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.5. He lent me some money,_(hope)that I could help

20、him.三、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞、形容詞或副詞1、動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞（1）n and n并列（2）（a/an/the）+adj+n （3）介詞+n（4）形容詞性物主代詞+n（5）序數(shù)詞+nmany/several+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)much+不可數(shù)名詞some/a lot of/lots of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞2、動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞（1）形容詞作表語（2）形容詞作定語，修飾名詞或代詞例如：She gave us a _（surprise）look.3、動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或者整個句子。例如：_（luck）,he didnt hurt himself.牛刀小試1.What mak

21、es the adobe dwellings admirable is their _（able）.來說一下英文的繞口令吧，看誰說的最流利！1. Betty and Bob brought back blue balloons from the big bazaar. Betty和Bob從大雜貨店市場上買了藍氣球。 2. Chop shops stock chops. 印章店備有印章。 3. Few free fruit flies fly from flames. 沒有幾只果蠅從火焰中飛過去。4. what a shame such a sh

22、apely sash should such shabby stitches show? 這么有形的腰帶卻用這么破舊的縫線，多丟人啊。5. Never trouble about trouble, until trouble troubles you. 從不自找麻煩，直到麻煩來麻煩你。2.There are _（amaze）stories of instant transformation.3.Now people are still _(interest)in Nessie.4.You will be _(surprise) to find youre gaining weight

23、. 考點三 形容詞、副詞考查方向1、形容詞、副詞的判定及兩者之間的詞性轉(zhuǎn)化2、形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級形容詞使用情況：修飾名詞、代詞或者放在系動詞之后作表語副詞使用情況：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子形容詞變副詞規(guī)律1.一般情況下直接加“y”；如： quick- quickly，2.以輔音字母加le結(jié)尾時，去e加y；如：possible-possibly; probable-probably; incredible-incredibly3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加ly；如happy-happily；heavy-heavily4.少數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加-ly；如true-

24、truly形容詞比較級、最高級變化規(guī)律 1單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在詞尾加-er和-est構(gòu)成；如：tall-taller-tallest2以e結(jié)尾的單詞加r/st；如 wide-wider-widest3以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er/est；如:busy-busier-busiest4以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的單詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er/est；如big-bigger-biggest5部分雙音節(jié)詞，多音節(jié)詞在詞前面加more或most；(比較級more+adj；最高級most+adj)如： interesting-more interesti

25、ng-most interesting不規(guī)則變化good/well-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worstmany/much -more-most. little/few-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest牛刀小試1.Abercrombie &Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2. The

26、 river was so polluted that it _(actual)caught fire and burned.3. Fans from around the world gathered_(cheerful)to celebrate their love of Hello Kitty.4.The secretary arranged_(convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an Interview.5.As the Chinese old saying goes:“It is_(good)to travel ten thousand miles than to readten thousand books.”相信大家在經(jīng)過了語法填空的考點梳理之后，做題已經(jīng)游刃有余了，給同學們10分鐘的時間，來做一下下面的題吧！舉一反三1. What I've learned over the years is that learning to accept each others faults is one of the most impor