人教版高一英語必修一Unit4

1、Unit4Unit4words1. rise (rise、rose、risen ) vi. (指日月星辰煙等的指日月星辰煙等的)升起，水位價(jià)格溫度的上升升起，水位價(jià)格溫度的上升 =go up ; 起身起身=get up n.增加增加 增長增長 起伏起伏=increaseraise vt. 抬高抬高 提高提高 養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育 飼養(yǎng)（有被動(dòng)）飼養(yǎng)（有被動(dòng)）1. The sun rises in the east. 2. He rose from his chair and began his speech.3. There has been a sharp rise in the number of p

2、eople out of work.7. His job is raising chickens. 8. They _ their arms and waved to us with joy. A rose B raised B4. Prices continue to rise.6.The price of the tomatoes has been _ recently.raised5.Her temperature is still_.rising2. smelly adj. 發(fā)臭的；有臭味的發(fā)臭的；有臭味的 smelly是有是有smell這個(gè)詞加上后綴這個(gè)詞加上后綴-y而形成的。也就是

3、說而形成的。也就是說n + -y可以變成可以變成adj.，如：，如： blood + -y = bloody rain + -y = rainy cloud + -y = cloudy wind + -y = windy snow + -y = snowy greed + -y = greedy dream+-y = dreamy taste+ -y = tasty ice + -y = icy fat + -y = fatty mud+ -y = muddy fog + -y = foggy sun + -y = sunny流血的流血的多云的多云的下雪的下雪的幻想的幻想的冷漠的，冰的冷漠的，

4、冰的泥濘的泥濘的肥胖的肥胖的下雨的下雨的多風(fēng)的多風(fēng)的貪婪的貪婪的美味的美味的陽光燦爛的陽光燦爛的有霧的有霧的3. burst vi. ( burst, burst) 爆裂，爆發(fā)爆裂，爆發(fā); (堤壩等堤壩等)決口決口短語：突然短語：突然 burst into + n；burst out + doingeg: 她突然笑起來。她突然笑起來。 She burst out laughing. She burst into . 他突然大哭起來。他突然大哭起來。 He burst out crying. He burst into . n. 突然爆裂，爆發(fā)突然爆裂，爆發(fā)短語：短語：a burst of 一陣

5、一陣eg: 一陣笑聲一陣笑聲laughtertearsa burst of laughter勃然大怒勃然大怒a burst of angerburst intoburst with闖入闖入充滿充滿4. event n. 事件，大事事件，大事; 賽事賽事, (體育比賽等的體育比賽等的)項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目 辨析辨析event, affair, matter, thing, business event affair matter側(cè)重側(cè)重大事，要事大事，要事，有意，有意義或不尋常之事，或體義或不尋常之事，或體育賽事，演出或聚會(huì)育賽事，演出或聚會(huì)“復(fù)雜的，較多的事情復(fù)雜的，較多的事情，事務(wù)事務(wù)”，常用復(fù)數(shù)，常用

6、復(fù)數(shù)affairs表示商業(yè)事務(wù)或表示商業(yè)事務(wù)或政府的日常事務(wù)，如財(cái)政府的日常事務(wù)，如財(cái)政管理，外交事務(wù)等。政管理，外交事務(wù)等。側(cè)重指側(cè)重指須留心的要事或須留心的要事或問題，難題問題，難題The election was the main event of 1999. 這次選舉是這次選舉是1999年的主要大事。年的主要大事。He shows great interest in international affairs.他對國際事務(wù)很感興趣。他對國際事務(wù)很感興趣。Dont worry. Well look into the matter soon.別著急，我們將很快調(diào)查此別著急，我們將很快調(diào)查此

7、事。事。 辨析辨析event, affair, matter, thing, business thingbusiness最最普通的用詞普通的用詞，意為，意為“事情，事務(wù)事情，事務(wù)”，不管，不管大事小事，好事壞事均大事小事，好事壞事均可稱為可稱為thing；復(fù)數(shù)；復(fù)數(shù)things還可作還可作“形式，情形式，情況況”解解作作“事務(wù)事務(wù)”解時(shí)一般不解時(shí)一般不能用復(fù)數(shù)，常指所指派能用復(fù)數(shù)，常指所指派的任務(wù)，責(zé)任；有時(shí)說的任務(wù)，責(zé)任；有時(shí)說的是指派的工作或的是指派的工作或商業(yè)商業(yè)性的買賣活動(dòng)性的買賣活動(dòng)What is the next thing we have to do.我們下一步必須做的事我們下

8、一步必須做的事是什么？是什么？Students in the course must learn about all aspects of business.學(xué)這門課程的學(xué)生主要商業(yè)學(xué)這門課程的學(xué)生主要商業(yè)的各方面知識(shí)。的各方面知識(shí)。5. at an end 結(jié)束，終結(jié)結(jié)束，終結(jié)eg: 炎熱的天氣終于結(jié)束了。炎熱的天氣終于結(jié)束了。 The hot days are at last at an end. The hot days come to an end at last. be at an end = come to an end 結(jié)束結(jié)束短語：短語：put an end to=bringt

9、o an end 使使結(jié)束結(jié)束eg: 他們應(yīng)該結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭。他們應(yīng)該結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭。 They should put an end to the war. They should bring the war to an end.辨析：辨析：at an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of1). at an end: 表示表示“終結(jié)，結(jié)束終結(jié)，結(jié)束”，與，與be動(dòng)詞連用。動(dòng)詞連用。eg: 戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了。 The war was at an end.= The war came to an end.2). in the end: 表示表示“最終

10、，終于最終，終于”，單獨(dú)使用作單獨(dú)使用作狀語狀語。eg: 最終他們放棄了那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。最終他們放棄了那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 They gave up the plan in the end. (at last)3). at the end of: 表示表示“在在的盡頭的盡頭/末尾末尾”eg: 今年年底，我父親要回家。今年年底，我父親要回家。 My father will come home at the end of this year. He is at the end of his patience. 他已經(jīng)忍耐到極限了。他已經(jīng)忍耐到極限了。4). by the end of: 到到末為止，常與末為止，常

11、與完成時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。連用。 by the end of last用于用于過去過去完成時(shí)完成時(shí) by the end of next用于用于將來將來完成時(shí)完成時(shí)eg: 到上個(gè)月末為止，他在那條船上已經(jīng)待了兩年。到上個(gè)月末為止，他在那條船上已經(jīng)待了兩年。 By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到下學(xué)期末為止，我將學(xué)會(huì)到下學(xué)期末為止，我將學(xué)會(huì)3000多個(gè)英語單詞。多個(gè)英語單詞。 I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of

12、next term.6. nation n. 民族，國家，國民民族，國家，國民單詞積累：單詞積累：national adj. 國家的，民族的，國營的國家的，民族的，國營的 nationality n. 國籍國籍辨析：辨析：nation, country, state易混詞 辨析 例句nationcountry state側(cè)重指側(cè)重指“人民人民”，即，即“國民國民”The whole nation was in deep sorrow. 舉國悲痛。舉國悲痛。側(cè)重指側(cè)重指“疆土疆土”，即，即“國土國土”。He has been to many African countries.他去過許多非洲國家

13、。他去過許多非洲國家。側(cè)重指側(cè)重指“政政權(quán)權(quán)”“政體政體”，即，即“國權(quán)國權(quán)”Hes a head of state.他是一位國家元首。他是一位國家元首。7. ruin n.【C】倒塌的建筑物，廢墟倒塌的建筑物，廢墟短語：短語：be/lie in ruins 倒塌，破敗不堪倒塌，破敗不堪 fall into ruins 衰落，敗落衰落，敗落eg: 現(xiàn)在這座城市已成為一片廢墟了?，F(xiàn)在這座城市已成為一片廢墟了。 The city now is/lies in ruins. n. 【U】毀壞，毀滅，滅亡毀壞，毀滅，滅亡 vt. (完全地完全地)毀壞，毀掉，使破產(chǎn)毀壞，毀掉，使破產(chǎn)辨析：辨析：ruin

14、, destroy, damage1). ruin一般指對一般指對物體或生命物體或生命徹底的破壞徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打擊的結(jié)果，常指對美好的活希望中的力的，也不是一次打擊的結(jié)果，常指對美好的活希望中的事物的破壞。事物的破壞。2). destroy表示在表示在肉體上，精神上或道義上徹底摧毀肉體上，精神上或道義上徹底摧毀，使，使之之無法復(fù)原無法復(fù)原，也可以表示對某物體進(jìn)行完全的毀滅。，也可以表示對某物體進(jìn)行完全的毀滅。3). damage一般指對一般指對物體或生命的物體或生命的局部損傷局部損傷，使整體的價(jià)使整體的價(jià)值或作用降低或變得無價(jià)值，無作用值或作用降低或變得

15、無價(jià)值，無作用。這種損傷可以是暴。這種損傷可以是暴力的或一次性破壞的結(jié)果，也可以指非暴力的或長期損害力的或一次性破壞的結(jié)果，也可以指非暴力的或長期損害的結(jié)果，的結(jié)果，可修復(fù)可修復(fù)。 8. injure vt. 損害，傷害損害，傷害單詞積累：單詞積累：injured adj. 受傷的受傷的 injury n. 傷害，損害傷害，損害辨析：辨析：injure, hurt, wound, harminjurehurtwoundharm指損害健康，成就，容指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的喪失，貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的喪失，常指常指事故中事故中的傷害的傷害普通用語，既可指普通用語，既可指肉體肉體上的傷害，也可

16、指上的傷害，也可指精神精神上，上，感情感情上的傷害上的傷害指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，尤指皮肉之傷，尤指戰(zhàn)場戰(zhàn)場上上所受的傷所受的傷一般指傷害有生命的東一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷西，常指傷及人的健康，及人的健康，權(quán)利，事業(yè)權(quán)利，事業(yè)等等A bullet injured his left eye.一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。I dont want to hurt you.我不想傷害你。我不想傷害你。The soldier was wounded badly.這位士兵嚴(yán)重受傷。這位士兵嚴(yán)重受傷。Smoking seriously harmed his he

17、alth.吸煙嚴(yán)重地?fù)p害了他的健康。吸煙嚴(yán)重地?fù)p害了他的健康。9. shock vi.&vt. (使使)震驚，震動(dòng)震驚，震動(dòng) n. 休克，打擊，震驚休克，打擊，震驚單詞積累：單詞積累：shocking 令人震驚的，令人吃驚的令人震驚的，令人吃驚的 shocked 震驚的，吃驚的震驚的，吃驚的短語：短語：be shocked by/at 對對感到吃驚感到吃驚eg: 對這個(gè)消息他并未感到吃驚。對這個(gè)消息他并未感到吃驚。 He wasnt shocked by/at this news.辨析：辨析：shock, surprise 易混詞 辨析 例句 shock surprise表示來得表示來得突然突

18、然，而且常，而且常指指不好不好的事情的事情Chucks death came as a complete shock to all of us.查克的去世讓我們大家都感到查克的去世讓我們大家都感到十分的震驚。十分的震驚。表示表示意外意外的事情，但的事情，但不不一定一定是不好的事情是不好的事情It was quite a surprise to know I was actually good at drawing. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己原來對畫畫很在行，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己原來對畫畫很在行，真叫人大感意外。真叫人大感意外。10. rescue n.&vt. 援救；營救援救；營救短語：短語：rescue from

19、從從中救出中救出 come to sbs rescue=go to sbs rescue 營救某人營救某人eg: 他們救了一個(gè)溺水的男孩。他們救了一個(gè)溺水的男孩。 They rescued a boy from drowning(淹死，溺死淹死，溺死).辨析：辨析：rescue, save1). rescue救助，援救，營救。重在強(qiáng)調(diào)救助，援救，營救。重在強(qiáng)調(diào)迅速行動(dòng)迅速行動(dòng)，從直接，從直接的，的，迫在眉睫迫在眉睫的危險(xiǎn)中解救。的危險(xiǎn)中解救。eg: A team was sent away to rescue the people trapped in the fire. 一個(gè)小隊(duì)被派去營救困

20、在火中的人。一個(gè)小隊(duì)被派去營救困在火中的人。2). save救，救助，拯救。為救，救助，拯救。為普通用詞普通用詞，使用廣泛，常指，使用廣泛，常指把處于危險(xiǎn)或危急狀態(tài)的人或事物解救出來，把處于危險(xiǎn)或危急狀態(tài)的人或事物解救出來，使之得以保使之得以保全全。eg: They could think of no way to save the situation. 他們想不出什么辦法來挽救局勢。他們想不出什么辦法來挽救局勢。11. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隱藏埋葬，掩埋，隱藏eg: 她被安葬在她丈夫的墳邊。她被安葬在她丈夫的墳邊。 She was buried beside her husband

21、s grave. 她雙手捂著臉哭了起來。她雙手捂著臉哭了起來。 She buried her face in her hands and cried.短語：短語：bury oneself in=be buried in. 專心于專心于， 埋首于埋首于 bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to devote oneself to=be devoted to 專心于專心于，獻(xiàn)身于，獻(xiàn)身于 be lost in 陷入陷入中中12. shelter n. 掩蔽，躲避處，避難，保護(hù)掩蔽，躲避處，避難，保護(hù)短語：短語：take shelter from 躲避躲避 vt.&vi.

22、 庇護(hù)，掩護(hù)庇護(hù)，掩護(hù) (常與常與from搭配使用搭配使用) 意為意為“保護(hù)保護(hù)不受不受的傷害的傷害/侵害侵害”eg: 人們在百貨商場躲避陣雨。人們在百貨商場躲避陣雨。 People took shelter from the shower in the department store. 那些樹木庇護(hù)田地不受冷風(fēng)侵襲。那些樹木庇護(hù)田地不受冷風(fēng)侵襲。 The trees shelter the field from the cold wind.13. damage n.&vt. 損失，損害損失，損害eg: Smoking can damage your health. 抽煙會(huì)損害你的健康。抽煙

23、會(huì)損害你的健康。短語：短語：do damage to 對對造成損害造成損害14. frighten vt. 使驚嚇，嚇唬使驚嚇，嚇唬 frightened adj. 受驚的，受恐嚇的受驚的，受恐嚇的 frightening adj. 令人恐懼的令人恐懼的短語：短語：be frightened at 受受驚嚇，見驚嚇，見大吃一驚大吃一驚 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人害怕某人/某物某物同義詞：同義詞：shock 近義詞：近義詞：surprise15. express vt. 表示，表達(dá)表示，表達(dá)短語：短語：express oneself 表達(dá)自己的意見或感情表達(dá)自己的意

24、見或感情 express sth to sb 向某人表達(dá)某事向某人表達(dá)某事eg: 他向我們致謝。他向我們致謝。 He expressed his thanks to us.單詞積累：單詞積累：expression n. 表達(dá)，表情表達(dá)，表情Warming up How many Nature DisastersHow many Nature Disasters do you do you know?know? typhoonseismic sea wave / tsunamivolcanic eruptionsand stormthunderstormdroughtfloodfire hurr

25、icaneEarthquakeEarthquakeWenchuan EarthquakeCan you describe how terrible the earthquake was?2008.5.12The city lay in ruins.破敗不堪破敗不堪The buildings The buildings fell downfell down. .倒塌倒塌 Roads might crack. 開裂開裂Many people were killed orMany people were killed or injured. injured.受傷的受傷的A great number

26、of people lost their homes.許多，大量許多，大量A terrible earthquake happened in India.Tangshan, HebeiJuly 28th, 1976 1) Do you know what would happen before an earthquake?2) What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthquake?Guess:what may happen before an earthquake?Bright lights flash in the skyBrigh

27、t lights flash in the skyAnimals are too nervous , such as Animals are too nervous , such as cows, dogs, horses, and snakes, cows, dogs, horses, and snakes, etcetc. .Mice ran out of the fieldsFish jumped out of bowls and ponds.There were cracks on the wells.The water in the well rose and fell. Dont

28、be nervous and keep calm. Dont try to run out of the classroom. Protect your head by putting your bag on your head. Squat or sit down under your desk. Leave the classroom after the earthquake.Reading 1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine: form a mental pictur

29、e imagine + n. /pron. imagine sb. to be shake: 使搖晃，發(fā)抖，搖動(dòng)使搖晃，發(fā)抖，搖動(dòng)shake hands with sb.同某人握手同某人握手shake sb by the hand=shake sbs hand.Language pointsright away: at once; in no time; immediatelyright now: at this very momentMake up your mind _.Ill return the book _.right nowright awayHe _ from his chair

30、 when the doorbell rang.Her job is _ chickens.Her temperature is still _.He _ in rank recently.2. rise vi. rose, risen 上升上升; 升起升起; 上漲上漲; 升高升高; 增加增加 raise vt. raised, raised 舉起舉起, 抬起，喂養(yǎng)抬起，喂養(yǎng)roseraisingrisinghas risensmelly: smell+ y = adj. smell n./v (smelt/ smelled)They were all hungry and the food

31、_ good.I can _ something burning in the kitchen.Please throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly3. A _ gas came _ _ the cracks.smellyout of4. the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.burstburst可以作動(dòng)詞，意為：可以作動(dòng)詞，意為：使爆炸使爆炸;使破使破裂裂 ；突然發(fā)生，突然出現(xiàn)突然發(fā)生，突然出現(xiàn)。常構(gòu)成短語。常構(gòu)成短語burst into sth. 或或burst out doing sth.，表

32、，表示示“突然開始（做某事）突然開始（做某事）”，如：，如：burst into tears = burst out crying（表示（表示“突突然哭起來然哭起來”）。也可以作名詞，意為：）。也可以作名詞，意為： 爆炸爆炸。例如：。例如：即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 根據(jù)根據(jù)burst的用法，完成下列的用法，完成下列句子。句子。1. Everyone in the room burst out _ (laugh).2. She found there were _ (burst) in the well walls.laughingbursts1) as if 似乎，好像似乎，好像 = as thoug

33、h She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我 似的。似的。2) as if 在表語從句中相當(dāng)于在表語從句中相當(dāng)于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起來會(huì)議沒完沒了?？雌饋頃?huì)議沒完沒了。本文中本文中as if 的用法就是第二種。的用法就是第二種。It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!at an endat t

34、he end of 用于表示具體事物或場所用于表示具體事物或場所的場合，它也可以用來表示比喻意的場合，它也可以用來表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示時(shí)間的場合，用于表示時(shí)間的場合， 到到結(jié)束的時(shí)候，用于過去完成時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)束的時(shí)候，用于過去完成時(shí)態(tài); in the end 意思意思“最后、終于最后、終于”。 Compare: at the end of by the end of in the end1) His father will return home _ this year.2) He will be a scientist _.3) How many English wo

35、rds had you learned _ last term?at the end ofin the endby the end oflie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins: severely damaged or destroyedCompare: ruin; destroy; damagedamage指部分指部分“損壞損壞”、“損害損害”、“破壞破壞”或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞, 也可以用作名詞也可以用作名詞, 用作名詞時(shí)常與用作名詞時(shí)常與to

36、something 連用。連用。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作動(dòng)詞只能用作動(dòng)詞, 指徹底破壞指徹底破壞, 以以致不可能修復(fù)致不可能修復(fù), 常作常作“破壞破壞”、“毀滅毀滅”解解, 也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重則表示破壞嚴(yán)重, 以致不能修復(fù)以致不能修復(fù), 但這但這種破壞不像種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物那樣毀滅某物,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)而是強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問題。用作動(dòng)

37、詞致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問題。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)時(shí),它作它作 “使毀滅使毀滅”、 “使崩潰使崩潰”、 “弄糟弄糟”解解;用作名詞時(shí)用作名詞時(shí), 它表示它表示 “毀滅毀滅”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “廢廢墟墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle. The house has fallen into ruin. The company is facing ruin. The village _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle since the factory

38、closed.An earthquake left the whole town _.His career is _.laylainin ruinsin ruinsEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyedHe _ his girl friends prospectsruinedSoft wood _easily.damagesinjuredMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers

39、in this factory _ young.以百分?jǐn)?shù)作為主語的，謂語動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)還以百分?jǐn)?shù)作為主語的，謂語動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)還是負(fù)數(shù)取決于百分?jǐn)?shù)后面跟的名詞是可數(shù)是負(fù)數(shù)取決于百分?jǐn)?shù)后面跟的名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)的。還是不可數(shù)的。isare請根據(jù)提示完成下列句子。請根據(jù)提示完成下列句子。1. _ (三分之一三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls.2. _ (五分之三五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night.3. _ (一半一半) of the desks in this scho

40、ol _ (make) in his company.4. _ (大部分的大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5. _ (數(shù)萬數(shù)萬) people _ (dance) in the big square now.6. There were _ (一萬一萬) students taking part in the exam yesterday.7. _ (百分之九十百分之九十) of the mountain _

41、 (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percentCompare: injure; hurt; wound injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示受傷，傷害。三者都可表示受傷，傷害。hurt可指對可指對身體上的傷害，也指對心靈造成的傷害。身體上的傷害，也指對心靈造成的傷害。wound一般指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷等，一般指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷等，尤其指在戰(zhàn)爭中，打斗中受傷。尤其指在戰(zhàn)爭中，打斗中受傷。injure

42、一般是指在事故中受傷，往往意為一般是指在事故中受傷，往往意為“外外傷傷”。 Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feeling.have hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt8. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.

43、分析分析 a. 這是一個(gè)由這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列復(fù)合句。連接的并列復(fù)合句。b. 本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：第一個(gè)分句本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：第一個(gè)分句（Thousands of families were killed） + and + 第二個(gè)分句（第二個(gè)分句（many children were left without parents）。）。c. 第二個(gè)分句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語（第二個(gè)分句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語（many children） + 謂語（謂語（were left） + 主語補(bǔ)主語補(bǔ)足語（足語（without parents）。）。d. 可以充當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語的還有形容詞、分詞、可以充當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語的還有形容詞、分詞、不定

44、式、名詞或句子等。不定式、名詞或句子等。仿寫仿寫 _（有這么多作業(yè)要做，我怎么能輕松起來（有這么多作業(yè)要做，我怎么能輕松起來呢？）呢？）How could I feel relaxed with so much homework to do? 9. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. cover v. 遮蓋，遮蔽，報(bào)道，占有.面積 be covered with/by被.覆蓋 The field is covered with snow. cover.with.用.蓋. He covered the table with a ta

45、ble-cloth. She will stay there,covering the whole game. Our orchards cover (an area of) 1000mu.10. Trap 閱讀下列句子，注意閱讀下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。的意思及用法。1)The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it). 2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving in

46、formation.3) If were lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government.自我歸納自我歸納 trap可以作可以作_，意為：，意為： _（句（句1）?？梢詷?gòu)成短語）。可以構(gòu)成短語trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示，表示“使中計(jì)；使陷使中計(jì)；使陷入圈套入圈套”（句（句2）。也可以作名詞）。也可以作名詞, 意為：意為： _ （句（句3）；）； _ （句（句4）。）。動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞使陷入困境使陷入困

47、境困境困境陷阱陷阱即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (這是一個(gè)陷阱這是一個(gè)陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (誘使他誘使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) last在此句中意為在此句中意為“持續(xù)，延持續(xù)，延續(xù)續(xù)”。可單獨(dú)使用，也可后接?？蓡为?dú)使用，也可后接for +一段一段時(shí)間（時(shí)間（for可以省略）。可以省略）。11. People began to wonder how long t

48、he disaster would last.考例考例 The evening news comes on at seven oclock and _ only thirty minutes. (2004全國卷全國卷II)A. keeps B. continuesC. finishes D. lasts 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)句意根據(jù)句意“只持續(xù)只持續(xù)30分鐘分鐘”，排除排除C； keep意為意為“維持，保持維持，保持”時(shí)，后時(shí)，后接形容詞作表語，排除接形容詞作表語，排除A; continue指繼續(xù)指繼續(xù)做某事；做某事；last指某事持續(xù)了多長時(shí)間。指某事持續(xù)了多長時(shí)間。12. All hope wa

49、s not lost.考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) all.not = not all.意為意為“并不并不都都”，是部分否定。當(dāng)，是部分否定。當(dāng)all, both及及every的合成詞與的合成詞與not 連用時(shí)，表示部分連用時(shí)，表示部分否定；完全否定要用否定；完全否定要用no, never, nowhere, none, neither, nothing, nobody等。等?？祭祭?I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. (NMET 1997)A. everythingB. anythingC. something D. not

50、hing 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)前面的根據(jù)前面的“我同意你說的大部我同意你說的大部分分”，暗示，暗示“我并不同意所有的我并不同意所有的”，可，可知是部分否定，選知是部分否定，選A。not.everything表表示的是部分否定。示的是部分否定。13. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.dig out 挖掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)挖掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)bury: A. to place in the ground B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration;

51、absorbThe dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted toa. 這是一個(gè)含有定語從句的復(fù)合句。這是一個(gè)含有定語從句的復(fù)合句。b. 本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（The army） + 謂語（謂語（organized） + 賓語（賓語（teams） + 目目的狀語（的狀語（to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the de

52、ad）。）。c. who were trapped是定語從句，修飾先是定語從句，修飾先行詞行詞those。d. and連接兩個(gè)不定式短語作目的狀語。連接兩個(gè)不定式短語作目的狀語。14. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) whose意為意為“的的”，在定語，在定語從句中作關(guān)系代詞，后接名詞。當(dāng)前面從句中作關(guān)系代詞，后接名詞。當(dāng)前面的先行詞與后面的名詞構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，的先行詞與后面的名詞構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，就用關(guān)系代詞就用關(guān)系代詞whose。其先行詞可以是。其先行詞可以是人，也可以是物。人

53、，也可以是物?？祭祭?Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. (天津天津 2005)A. that B. whoseC. those D. what 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 因因from前是逗號(hào)，可判斷出后面前是逗號(hào)，可判斷出后面是一個(gè)定語從句，排除是一個(gè)定語從句，排除those；從句部分；從句部分與先行詞之間的關(guān)系為：與先行詞之間的關(guān)系為：the people are still suffering from the effects of

54、 the floods，whose指代指代of the floods, 在句中在句中作定語，故此題選作定語，故此題選B。 Join the correct parts of the sentences.Do a fast reading of the passage.2 The people didnt worry because 1 The chickens didnt eat because C they were nervous. E they didnt know what the strange events meant.3 Such a great number of people

55、 died because4 Water was needed because5 The people did not lose hope becauseD dams and wells were useless.B the quake happened while they were sleeping.A the army came to help them. Second reading: Structure of the textPartPartEventsEventsBefore the Before the earthquake earthquake (Paragraph (Para

56、graph _)_)_ were _ were happening both in the happening both in the countryside and in the city countryside and in the city of Tangshan but of Tangshan but _ them._ them.During the During the earthquake earthquake (Paragraph (Paragraph _)_)The earthquake _ The earthquake _ the city and _ the the cit

57、y and _ the people.people.shockeddestroyed2-3no one noticedStrange things1PartPartEventsEventsAfter the After the earthquake earthquake (Paragraph (Paragraph _)_)Soldiers were sent to dig Soldiers were sent to dig out those trapped and out those trapped and _ the dead; _ the dead; _ were built for t

58、he _ were built for the homeless and homeless and _ was taken to _ was taken to the city.the city.fresh watersheltersto bury4Third reading:Part 1Part 2Part 3ThingsThingsWhat happenedWhat happenedwater in the wellwater in the wellwell wallswell wallschickens and pigschickens and pigsmicemicefishfishs

59、kyskysoundsoundwater pipeswater pipesrose and felldeep cracks, smelly gasran out of, looking for places to hidetoo nervous to eatjumped outbright lightssound of planes heard even no planescracked and burstData (數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù))v _ of the nation felt the earthquake.v A huge crack that was _ kilometres long and

60、_ metres wide cut across houses.vIn _ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. v _ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.v The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than _.vAll of the citys hospitals, _ of its factories and buildings and _ of its homes were g