基礎(chǔ)詞匯手冊(cè)

1、VOA Special English 基礎(chǔ)詞匯手冊(cè)PARTS OF SPEECH· n. (noun) - a name word· v. (verb) - an action word· ad. (adjective/adverb) - a describing word· prep. (preposition) - a word used to show a relation· pro. (pronoun) - a word used in place of a noun· conj. (conjunction) - a joi

2、ning wordA· a - ad. one; any; each· able - v. having the power to do something· about - ad. almost ("about half"); of or having a relation to ("We talk about the weather.")· above - ad. at a higher place· accept - v. to agree to receive· accident - n

3、. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event· accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement against someone· across - ad. from side to side; to the other side· act - v. to do something· activist - n. one who seeks change

4、through action· actor - n. someone acting in a play or show· add - v. to put (something) with another to make it larger; to say more· administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a president or prime minister· admit - v. to accept ("admitted to t

5、he United Nations"); to express one's guilt or responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.")· adult - n. a grown person· advise - v. to help with information, knowledge or ideas in making a decision· affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence (&q

6、uot;A lack of sleep affected the singer's performance.")· afraid - ad. feeling fear· after - ad. later; behind· again - ad. another time; as before· against - ad. opposed to; not agreeing with something· age - n. how old a person or thing is· agency - n. an org

7、anization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United Nations")· aggression- n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's borders· ago - ad. of time past; before now· agree - v. to have the same belief as someone; to be willing to d

8、o something· agriculture - n. farming· aid - v. to help; to support; n. help, assistance· aim - v. to point a gun at; n. a goal or purpose· air - n. the mixture of gases around the earth, mostly nitrogen and oxygen, that we breathe· air force - n. a military organization usi

9、ng airplanes· airplane - n. a vehicle with wings that flies· airport - n. a place where airplanes take off and land· album - n. a collection of recorded music· alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in industrial products· alive -

10、 ad. having life; not dead· all - ad. everything; everyone; the complete amount· ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose· almost - ad. a little less than completely· alone - ad. separated from others· along - ad. near or on ("along the roa

11、d")· already - ad. before now; even now· also - ad. added to; too· although - conj. even if it is true that· always - ad. at all times; every time· ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another government)· amend- v. to add to or to c

12、hange (a proposal or law)· ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns· among - ad. in or part of (a group)· amount - n. the number, size or weight of anything· anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness· ancestor - n. a family member from the past· ancient - a

13、d. very old; long ago· and - conj. also; in addition to; with· anger - n. a strong emotion against someone or something· animal - n. a living creature that moves, such as a dog or cat· anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the past·

14、 announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially· another - ad. one more; a different one· answer - n. a statement produced by a question; v. to make a statement after being asked a question· any - ad. one or more of no special kind· apologize - v. to express regret f

15、or a mistake or accident for which one accepts responsibility· appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on somebody for help· appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem· appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge")&#

16、183; approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support· archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities· area - n. any place or part of it· argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree· arms - n. military equipment; weapons

17、83; army - n. military ground forces· around - ad. on every side (of)· arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner· arrive - v. to come to a place, especially at the end of a trip· art - n. expressions or creations by humans, such as paintings, music, wr

18、iting or statues· artillery - n. big guns· as - conj. equally ("as fast as"); when; while· ash - n. the part left after something burns· ask - v. to question; to say something is wanted ("We ask the teacher questions every day.")· assist - v. to help·

19、; astronaut - n. a person who travels in space· astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe· asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another country· at - prep. in or near ("at the edge"); where ("look at"); when (&

20、quot;at noon")· atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet· attach - v. to tie together; to connect· attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight· attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort· attend - v.

21、 to be present at· automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car· autumn - n. the time of the year between summer and winter· average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal· avoid - v. to stay away from· awake - ad. not slee

22、ping· award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service· away - ad. not nearB· baby - n. a newly born creature· back - n. the part behind the front; ad. the other way from forward· bad - ad. wrong; acting against the law; not good· balance - v. to make two sides or for

23、ces equal· ball - n. something round· balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter than air· ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting· ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction· bank - n. an organization that k

24、eeps and lends money· bar - v. to prevent or block· barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult· base - n. a military center; v. to establish as a fact ("Her research was based on experiments.")· battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces·

25、 be - v. to live; to happen; to exist· beat - v. to hit again and again· beauty - ad. that which pleases the eye, ear or spirit· because - prep. for the reason that ("He left because he was sick.")· become - v. to come to be· bed - n. a sleeping place· before

26、- prep. earlier· begin - v. to do the first part of an action; to start· behind - ad. at the back of; in back of· believe - v. to think; to feel sure of; to accept as true; to trust· bell - n. an instrument that makes a musical sound ("a church bell")· belong - v.

27、to be owned by; to be a member of· below - ad. lower than· best - ad. the most good· betray - v. to turn against; to be false to· better - ad. more good than· between - ad. in the space or time that separates; from one to the other ("talks between two nations")

28、3; big - ad. of great size; not small· bill - n. a legislative proposal· biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their forms· bird - n. a creature that flies· bite - v. to cut with the teeth· black - ad. dark; having the color like that of the night

29、 sky· blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible· blanket - n. a cloth cover used to keep warm· bleed - v. to lose blood· blind - ad. not able to see· block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement· blood - n. red fluid in the body· blow - v. to m

30、ove with force, as in air ("The wind blows.")· blue - ad. having the color like that of a clear sky· boat - n. something built to travel on water that carries people or goods· body - n. all of a person or animal; the remains of a person or animal· boil - v. to heat a li

31、quid until it becomes very hot· bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force; v. to attack or destroy with bombs· bone - n. the hard material in the body· book - n. a long written work for reading· border - n. a dividing line between nations· born - v. to come to life;

32、to come into existence· borrow - v. to take as a loan· both - ad. not just one of two, but the two together· bottle - n. a container, usually made of glass, to hold liquid· bottom - ad. the lowest part of something· box - n. something to put things into; a container, usually

33、 made of paper or wood· boy - n. a young male person· boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with· brain - n. the control center of thought, emotions and body activity of all creatures· brave - ad. having no fear· bread - n. a food made from grain· break - v. to

34、 divide into parts by force; to destroy· breathe - v. to take air into the body and let it out again· bridge - n. a structure built over a waterway, valley or road so people and vehicles can cross from one side to the other· brief - ad. short; not long· bright - ad. giving much l

35、ight; strong and clear in color· bring - v. to come with something· broadcast - v. to send information, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio or television program· brother - n. a male with the same father or mother as another person· brown - ad. having the color li

36、ke that of coffee· budget - n. a spending plan· build - v. to join materials together to make something· building - n. anything built for use as a house, factory, office, school, store or place of entertainment· bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun· burn - v. t

37、o be on fire; to destroy or damage by fire· burst - v. to break open suddenly· bury - v. to put into the ground and cover with earth· bus - n. a public vehicle to carry people· business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade· busy - ad. doing something;

38、 very active· but - conj. however; other than; yet· buy - v. to get by paying something, usually money· by - conj. near; at; next to ("by the road"); from ("a play by William Shakespeare"); not later than ("by midnight")C· cabinet - n. a group of min

39、isters that helps lead a government· call - v. to give a name to ("I call myself John."); to ask for or request ("They called for an end to the fighting.")· calm - ad. quiet; peaceful; opposite tense· camera - n. a device for taking pictures· camp - n. a place

40、 with temporary housing· campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from voters; a connected series of military actions during a war· can - v. to be able to; to have the right to; n. a container used to hold liquid or food, usually made of metal· canc

41、el - v. to end; to stop· cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the body· candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor· capital - n. the official center of a government; the city where a country's government

42、is· capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies· capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get control of· car - n. a vehicle with wheels

43、 used to carry people; an automobile; a part of a train· care - v. to like; to protect; to feel worry or interest· careful - ad. acting safely; with much thought· carry - v. to take something or someone from one place to another· case (court) - n. a legal action· case (medic

44、al) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox at the school.")· cat - n. a small animal that often lives with humans· catch - v. to seize after a chase; to stop and seize with the hands· cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produc

45、es a result· cease-fire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement· celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities· center - n. the middle of something; the place in the middle; a place that is the main point of an activity· century - n. one hundred years

46、83; ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition· chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group· champion - n. the best; the winner· chance - n. a possibility of winning or losing or that something will happen· change - v.

47、 to make different; to become different· charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime; n. a statement in which someone is accused of something· chase - v. to run or go after someone or something· cheat - v. to get by a trick; to steal from· cheer - v. to shout appr

48、oval or praise· chemical - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the science of chemistry· chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they act under different conditions, and how they form other substances· chief - n. the

49、head or leader of a group; ad. leading; most important· child - n. a baby; a boy or girl· children - n. more than one child· choose - v. to decide between two or more· circle - n. a closed shape that has all its points equally distant from the center, like an "O"·

50、citizen - n. a person who is a member of a country by birth or by law· city - n. any important large town· civilian - ad. not military· civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of a nation· claim - v. to say something as a fact·

51、 clash - n. a battle; v. to fight or oppose· clean - v. to make pure; ad. free from dirt or harmful substances ("clean water")· clear - ad. easy to see or see through; easily understood· clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization· climate - n. the n

52、ormal weather conditions of a place· climb - v. to go up or down something by using the feet and sometimes the hands· clock - n. a device that measures and shows time· close - v. to make something not open; ad. near to· cloth - n. a material made from plants, chemicals, animal ha

53、ir and other substances· clothes - n. what people wear· cloud - n. a mass of fog high in the sky· coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel· coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together· coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean· coffee - n. a drink made

54、 from the plant of the same name· cold - ad. not warm; having or feeling great coolness or a low temperature· collect - v. to bring or gather together in one place; to demand and receive ("collect taxes")· college - n. a small university· colony - n. land controlled by

55、another country or government· color - n. the different effects of light on the eye, making blue, red, brown, black, yellow and others· combine - v. to mix or bring together· come - v. to move toward; to arrive· command - v. to order; to have power over something· comment -

56、v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something· committee - n. a group of people given special work· common - ad. usual; same for all ("a common purpose")· communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange information· community - n. a group of people livi

57、ng together in one place or area· company - n. a business organized for trade, industrial or other purposes· compare - v. to examine what is different or similar· compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others· complete - ad. having all parts; ended or fi

58、nished· complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple· compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept less than first demanded· computer - n. an electronic machine for storing and organizing information, and for comm

59、unicating with others· concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about"); v. to fear ("to be concerned")· condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad· condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement; a person's health·

60、conference - n. a meeting· confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true· conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one· congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck· Congress - n. the organization of people elected to mak

61、e the laws of the United States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in other countries· connect - v. to join one thing to another; to unite; to link· conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change· consider - v. to give

62、thought to; to think about carefully· constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of government· contain - v. to hold; to include· container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something· continent - n. any of the seven great land areas

63、 of the world· continue - v. to go on doing or being· control - v. to direct; to have power over· convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose· cook - v. to heat food before eating it· cool - ad. almost cold· cooperate - v. to act or work together· copy -

64、v. to make something exactly like another; n. something made to look exactly like another· corn - n. a food grain· correct - ad. true; free from mistakes; v. to change to what is right· cost - n. the price or value of something ("The cost of the book is five dollars."); v. to