建筑史中英文對(duì)照

1、建筑史中英文對(duì)照建史名詞中英文對(duì)照:中國(guó)古代建筑及構(gòu)造宮palace,temple殿hall hall又稱“堂” 室room房house亭pavili on臺(tái)platform壇altar樓storied buildi ng閣pavili on廊colonn ade榭pavili on on terrace水榭waterside pavili on軒win dowed vera nda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house闕que, watchtower牌樓pailou, decorated gateway華表hua

2、biao, orn ame ntal pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof懸山overha nging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof廡殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攢尖pyramidal roof園攢尖round pavili on roof大木woode n structure大式woode n frame with doug ong小式woode n frame without doug ong大木作carpe ntry work小木作joi nery

3、work抬梁式構(gòu)架post and lin tel con structi on穿斗式構(gòu)架colu mn and tie con struct ion井干式構(gòu)架log cab in con struct ion檐柱eave colu mn金柱hypostyle colu mn內(nèi)槽柱hypostyle colu mn唐代術(shù)語(yǔ)內(nèi)柱hypostyle colu mn宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)山柱cen ter colu mn角柱cor ner colu mn唐、宋術(shù)語(yǔ)瓜柱short colu mn脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)雷公柱suspe nded colu mn帳桿suspe nded

4、colu mn宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)側(cè)腳cejiao宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)卷殺en tasis梭柱shuttle-shaped colu mn宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角背bracket由戧in verted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, in verted V-shaped brace宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)柁墩woode n pier駝峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)梁beam袱beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)月梁cresce nt beam三架梁3-purli n beam平梁3-purli n beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ) 四架梁4-purli n beam五架梁5-purli n beam四椽袱5- purl

5、i n beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)六架梁6- purli n beam七架梁7- purli n beam六椽袱7-purli n beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)九架梁9-purli n beam八椽袱9-purli n beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)單步梁on e-step cross beam雙步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)抱頭梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer（木行）purli n （used with doug ong）大式檁purli n （used without

6、 doug ong）小式摶purli n宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)脊（木行）ridged purli n大式脊檁ridged purlin小式脊摶ridged purli n宋代術(shù)語(yǔ) 金（木行）in termediate purli n大式金檁in termediate purli n小式上中平摶in termediate purli n宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)老檐(木行)purli n on hypostyle大、小式，宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)正心(木行)eave purli n大式檐檁eave purli n小式下平摶eave purli n宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)額枋architrave(used with doug ong)大式檐枋architrav

7、e(used with doug ong)小式闌額architrave宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)由額墊板cushi on board大式 檐墊板cushi on board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purli n tiebeam下金枋lower purli n tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口構(gòu)造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口構(gòu)造頂椽top rafter腦椽upper rafter花架椽in termediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飛檐椽flying rafter飛子flying rafter宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)連檐eave e

8、dgi ng瓦口tile edgi ng頷版tile edgi ng宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)舉架rais ing the purli n舉析rais ing the purli n宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)步架horiz on tal spaci ng betwee n purli ns材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱doug on g,bracket set斗dou, bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block櫨斗cap block宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)拱gon g,bracketarm翹flower arm, petal華拱flowe

9、r arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)昂an g,lever槽升子cen ter block齊心斗cen ter block宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)萬(wàn)拱l(fā)ong arm慢拱l(fā)ong arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)廂拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)單材拱outer-side bracket arm撐頭small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ) 耍頭no

10、se攢set of bracket柱頭科bracket set on colu mns柱頭鋪?zhàn)鱞racket set on colu mns宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)平身科bracket sets betwee n colu mns補(bǔ)間鋪?zhàn)鱞racket sets betwee n colu mns宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角科bracket set on corner轉(zhuǎn)角鋪?zhàn)鱞racket set on corner宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)出exte nsion of bracket出跳exte nsion of bracket宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)cai跳tiao宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)雀替sparrow brace搏縫板gable eave board搏縫版gable

11、 eave board宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)木裝修join er's work外檐裝修exterior finish work內(nèi)檐裝修in terior finish work框檻door frame檻stud抱框jamb on door or win dow格柵partiti on door抹頭win dow stool欞子grill裙板panel檻窗sill wall wi ndow榻板wi ndow sill支摘窗removable win dow門(mén)枕door beari ng門(mén)簪decorative cyli nder門(mén)跋door knocker門(mén)釘decorative n ails

12、 on door leaf門(mén)枕石beari ng stone抱鼓石drum-shaped beari ng stone天花ceili ng帽兒梁lattice frami ng支條lattice frami ng井口天花compartme nt ceili ng海墁天花flat ceili ng藻井caiss on ceili ng罩shelf龕niche博古架an tique shelf瓦石作mas onry檐墻eave wall廊墻partiti on wall扇面墻horiz on tal partiti on wall隔斷墻vertical partiti on wall檻墻sill

13、wall樨頭gable wall head挑檐石can tilever stone on eave五花山墻stepped gable wall拔磉corbel, hanging over疊澀corbel, hanging over宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角柱石cor ner pier階條石recta ngular stone slab壓闌石recta ngular stone slab宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)臺(tái)階steps踏道steps宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)踏垛step踏step宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)斗板石in termediate pier droop ing belt stone副子droop ing belt stone宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)象眼trian gular space御路yulu, imperial path羌差ramp須彌座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fas