人教新課標(biāo)選修七unit 2 定語從句ppt課件

1、定語從句定語從句 The Attributive Clause 在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句普通放在被修飾成分的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句普通放在被修飾成分之后，且有關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。之后，且有關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。e.g. This is the car that he bought last year.先行詞先行詞定語從句定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞2. 在從句中充任成分在從句中充任成分1. 銜接作用銜接作用A modern city has been set up in the place. The place

2、was a wasteland ten years ago.A modern city has been set up in the place which/that was a wasteland ten years ago.We are living in an age. Many things are done on computers in the age.We are living in an age in which/when many things are done on computers.He is a scientist. His achievements are well

3、-known.He is a scientist whose achievements are well known 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, that,which和關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)關(guān)系代詞的用法：關(guān)系代詞的用法：作主語作主語先行詞指人：先行詞指人：who， that先行詞指物：先行詞指物：which， that不可省略不可省略作賓語作賓語先行詞指人：先行詞指人：who， that， whom可省略，介詞后不可可省略，介詞后不可省略省略先行詞指物：先行詞指物：which， that A plane is a machine _ c

4、an fly. 2) The noodles _ I cooked were delicious. 3) Lets ask the man _ is reading the book over there. 4) The girl _ we saw yesterday is Jims brother. 先行詞為those, one, ones, anyone, 只能用whoThe ones who flatter me dont please me.介詞后面且介詞提早，whom, which,不可省略That is the girl to whom you talked just now. w

5、hose 指人指人/物，相當(dāng)于先行詞的一切格物，相當(dāng)于先行詞的一切格的，的，whose后須加后須加名詞才干引導(dǎo)定語從句。名詞才干引導(dǎo)定語從句。(whose= of 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 or the +n+ of +關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞) I have a friend.His mother is a professor in university.I have a friend _is a professor in university.whose motherThis is the house _door is painted red.whose關(guān)系代詞宜用關(guān)系代詞宜用which 不用不用that

6、的情況的情況1.做介詞的賓語且介詞提早做介詞的賓語且介詞提早This is the room in which Mr. White lives.2. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句3. 在一個句子中有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系在一個句子中有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系代詞用代詞用that， 另一個用另一個用whichLet me show you the novel that I borrowed fromthe library which was newly open to us4.先行詞為先行詞為that，用，用which關(guān)系代詞宜用關(guān)系代詞宜用that不用不用which的情況的情

7、況 先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞everything, nothing, anything, little, much few或先行詞被或先行詞被the only, the very, no ,all ,little, few 等修飾時；等修飾時； That is all that I could do at that time. 2. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或描畫詞的最高級修飾時先行詞被序數(shù)詞或描畫詞的最高級修飾時 3. 先行詞即有人又有物時先行詞即有人又有物時 4. 主句是以主句是以which或或who開頭的特殊疑問句開頭的特殊疑問句 Who is the person that is sta

8、nding at the gate. 5. 主句以主句以here, there 開頭開頭 Here is the hotel that you have been looking for. 6.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語 Your disease is not the case that it used to be.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句as可指人可指人/物，在定語從句中充任主語和賓語，通常用在物，在定語從句中充任主語和賓語，通常用在固定搭配：固定搭配：the sameas; suchas。Such people as were reco

9、mmended by him were reliable.Such books as I have read are classical books.the sameas和和the samethat的區(qū)別的區(qū)別This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. (同類異物同類異物)This is the same pen that I bought yesterday.同類同物同類同物我想要一本他那樣的字典。我想要一本他那樣的字典。I want to have _a dictionary _as he has.我們正面臨著和多年以前同樣的困難。我們正面臨著和

10、多年以前同樣的困難。We are facing _problems _as we did years ago.suchasthe sameas定語從句中的主謂一致問題定語從句中的主謂一致問題 普通來講，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，定語從句中的普通來講，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞堅持一致；謂語的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞堅持一致； I who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.2. “one of + 可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)及類似構(gòu)造后的定語從句可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)

11、及類似構(gòu)造后的定語從句“one of + 可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)+定語從句定語從句 定語從句中謂語用定語從句中謂語用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)“ the only/very/rightone of + 可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)稱號復(fù)數(shù)+ 定語定語從句定語從句中謂語用單數(shù)從句定語從句中謂語用單數(shù)He was one of the students who _ late for class.He was the only one of students who _ late for class.werewas“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)造中介詞確實定：關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)造中介詞確實定：根據(jù)后面動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系確定。根據(jù)后面動詞和介

12、詞的搭配關(guān)系確定。*The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company. (be familiar with是習(xí)慣搭配是習(xí)慣搭配)根據(jù)前面的名詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系確定。根據(jù)前面的名詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系確定。*There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth. (in與與way是習(xí)慣搭配是習(xí)慣搭配)有時需同時思索動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系及介詞和名詞有時需同時思索動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系及介詞和名詞的搭配關(guān)系。的搭配關(guān)系。*The clever boy

13、made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house. 【即學(xué)活用】語法填空?！炯磳W(xué)活用】語法填空。(1)This is not the book _ which the teacher spoke in class. (2)Ill never forget the day _ which I first met him. (3)He made a hole in the wall, _ which light came into his room. ofonthrough

14、(4)We talked about the people and the places _ werefamiliar to us. (5)Dont tell anyone about the news _ oughtnt to know it. (6)The book from _ I learned a lot was written by a famous writer. thatwhowhich 三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，且在從句中作狀語，先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，且在從句中作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系副詞when, whe

15、re ,why-先行詞先行詞reason關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 的含義相當(dāng)于的含義相當(dāng)于 “介詞介詞+ which 構(gòu)造，因此經(jīng)常和構(gòu)造，因此經(jīng)常和“介詞介詞+ which構(gòu)造交替運用。構(gòu)造交替運用。(why= for which)I still remember the day _I joined the army. Do you know the reason _he was late?This is the house _we lived last years.when/on whichwhere/in whichwhy/for whichThis is the

16、 place _we visited last year.This is the place _we worked last year.that/whichI still remember the day _I joined the League.I still remember the day _we spent together.wherewhenthat/whichNote:領(lǐng)先行詞領(lǐng)先行詞case, condition, situation, position, point, stage在后面在后面 的定語從句中作狀語時，看做籠統(tǒng)的地點名的定語從句中作狀語時，看做籠統(tǒng)的地點名詞，用關(guān)系

17、詞詞，用關(guān)系詞where引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) occasion做先行詞時，從句中短少狀語，常用做先行詞時，從句中短少狀語，常用whenWe will discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose the control over his car.There are occasions when one must yield. I wasnt clear about the situation _ he was in at that moment.that/which