【公開(kāi)課】Unit4Usefulwordsandexpressions課件2021-2022學(xué)年高二中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

1、Useful words and expressionsUnit 4 Journey across a vast land1. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. 她們不想一路乘商業(yè)飛機(jī)，她們決定先飛到溫哥她們不想一路乘商業(yè)飛機(jī)，她們決定先飛到溫哥華，再乘火車。華，再乘火車。1) rather than conj./prep. 與其說(shuō)與其說(shuō) (不如不如) (=more.than, not so much.as

2、) (是是)而不是而不是(=and not) (寧愿寧愿)而不愿而不愿 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞 與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. =He is not so much a sailor as an explorer.=He is more an explorer than a sailor. You rather than I _ (be) responsible for it . 是你而不是我對(duì)此事負(fù)責(zé)。是你而不是我對(duì)此事負(fù)責(zé)。注意！ rather

3、 than 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。are 連接連接兩個(gè)形容詞或副詞兩個(gè)形容詞或副詞 這雙鞋子這雙鞋子與其說(shuō)與其說(shuō)漂亮漂亮不如說(shuō)不如說(shuō)它穿起來(lái)舒適。它穿起來(lái)舒適。 These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 我們要求早點(diǎn)我們要求早點(diǎn)而不是而不是晚點(diǎn)解決問(wèn)題。晚點(diǎn)解決問(wèn)題。 We want the matter settled sooner rather than later. 連連接兩個(gè)介詞接兩個(gè)介詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))或動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞 (短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)) 我我寧愿寧愿八月去，八

4、月去，而不愿而不愿七月去。七月去。 Id prefer to go in August rather than in July. 她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。 She enjoys singing rather than _ (dance). dancing 我總是寧愿早開(kāi)始而不愿把所有事情留到最后才我總是寧愿早開(kāi)始而不愿把所有事情留到最后才做。做。I always prefer starting early, rather than _ (leave) everything to the last minute. leaving 連連接兩個(gè)不定式接兩個(gè)不定式 我決定寫

5、信而不打電話。我決定寫信而不打電話。 I decided to write rather than _ (telephone). It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each other, rather than _(eat) a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next.(to) telephone/telephoning (to) eat/eating 注意：注意： 如如rather than 連接兩個(gè)連接兩個(gè)不定式時(shí)，其后不定式時(shí)，其后可以接可以接帶帶to或不帶或不帶to的不

6、定式的不定式, 也可以接也可以接 v +ing； 但但rather than位于句首時(shí)，則只能接不位于句首時(shí)，則只能接不帶帶to的不定的不定式或式或 v+ing 。如如: Rather than _ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. Rather than travel/travelling by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.ride/riding 連接兩個(gè)

7、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連接兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，意為意為“是是而不是而不是”，說(shuō)，說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)。明客觀事實(shí)。 They boiled the potatoes rather than fried them. 他們煮土豆而不是炒土豆。他們煮土豆而不是炒土豆。 她打電話而不是寫信。她打電話而不是寫信。 She telephoned rather than wrote. 置于句首時(shí)，用置于句首時(shí)，用do/doingRather than _ (cut) out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. cut/cutting 連連接一個(gè)接一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂

8、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和和動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 意為意為“寧愿寧愿而不愿而不愿”，說(shuō)明主觀愿望。，說(shuō)明主觀愿望。She walked rather than wait for a bus. 她寧愿走路也不愿等公交車。她寧愿走路也不愿等公交車。Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他寧愿離開(kāi)也不愿添麻煩。他寧愿離開(kāi)也不愿添麻煩。 表示表示“寧愿做某事寧愿做某事, 而不愿做某事而不愿做某事”的幾種方式的幾種方式l would/should rather do sth. than do sth. l=would/should do sth rather than do sth.l =(

9、would/should) prefer to do sth. rather than (to) do/doing sth.l = prefer doing sth. rather than / to doing sth. 我寧愿在家里過(guò)周末，也不愿一路開(kāi)趁車去你母親我寧愿在家里過(guò)周末，也不愿一路開(kāi)趁車去你母親家。家。 Id prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than (to) drive/driving all the way to your mothers. 連接兩個(gè)分句連接兩個(gè)分句 是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。是我們應(yīng)該幫助他

10、而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。 We should help him rather than he should help us. 2) airline C 航空公司航空公司 (pl. airlines ) international Airlines 國(guó)際航空公司國(guó)際航空公司 China Southern Airlines 中中國(guó)南方航空集團(tuán)有限公司國(guó)南方航空集團(tuán)有限公司an airline pilot 航空公司飛行員航空公司飛行員p(travel) by commercial airline 乘坐商業(yè)航班（旅行）乘坐商業(yè)航班（旅行）Compare:pairway C （飛機(jī)的）航線；（常用于具體的

11、航空公（飛機(jī)的）航線；（常用于具體的航空公司的名稱）司的名稱）British Airways 英國(guó)航空公司英國(guó)航空公司pairliner C 大型客機(jī)，班機(jī)大型客機(jī)，班機(jī)pflight C 空中航行，飛行，航程空中航行，飛行，航程(a journey by air)； 航班，班機(jī)航班，班機(jī)(an plane making a particular journey)p(meet) on a flight (from.to.) 在飛行途中（相遇）在飛行途中（相遇）book/catch/board a flight (to.) 預(yù)訂、趕上、登上預(yù)訂、趕上、登上（前往的）航班（前往的）航班3) (tr

12、ave/go/drive/speak.) all the way /the whole way 一路上；自始至終；完全地一路上；自始至終；完全地(=completely ) She didnt speak to me all the way back home. Im with you all the way.4) fly to.乘飛機(jī)去乘飛機(jī)去 =take the plane to =travel to by air/plane 2. start (out)=set out/off 動(dòng)身，啟程動(dòng)身，啟程3. a couple of 一對(duì)，一雙一對(duì)，一雙(=two)；一些，幾個(gè)；一些，幾個(gè)(=

13、a few)pthe/a couple 這對(duì)這對(duì)/一對(duì)夫妻或情侶一對(duì)夫妻或情侶 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)單、復(fù)數(shù)均可（多用復(fù)數(shù)），但表示若作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)單、復(fù)數(shù)均可（多用復(fù)數(shù)），但表示若干對(duì)中的一對(duì)干對(duì)中的一對(duì),即一個(gè)單位即一個(gè)單位時(shí)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 There _ (be) a couple of girls waiting for you outside.is/are The couple _ (be) married in 2009. The last couple of years _ (be) difficult. Each couple _ asked to compl

14、ete a form. Several married couples _(be)on the dance floor. I found a _ of socks in the bedroom, but they didnt make a _. (couple/pair)4. see the sights 欣賞風(fēng)光欣賞風(fēng)光/ /景點(diǎn)景點(diǎn)was/were was were have been couple pair 4. During the first day, _ is typical of Vancouver, it rained. =During the first day, it ra

15、ined, _ is typical of Vancouver. She is extremely popular among students, _ is common knowledge. _ is natural, man cant live without air or water. _ is often the case with Americans, he does not care for raw fish.as as/which as/which As As as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并指代前面或后面主句，還引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并指代前面或后面主句，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。

16、在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 =It is natural that. 1) typical adj. 典型的典型的; 獨(dú)有的獨(dú)有的(classic, characteristic, unique ) ; 具有代表性的具有代表性的 (representative) ； 平常的平常的(normal, average)ptypically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；一向如此典型地；有代表性地；一向如此; 一般，一般，通常通常 (=usually)a typical/classic example/case典型例子典型例子/實(shí)例實(shí)例on a typical/average/normal workin

17、g day 在平時(shí)工作日在平時(shí)工作日pbe typical/characteristic/representative of sb./sth. .是某人是某人/物的典型物的典型/代表代表/特色特色 =be unique to sb./sth. 為所為所.獨(dú)有獨(dú)有pIt is typical of sb. to do sth. =Typically, sb does sth. 做某事是某人的一貫做風(fēng)做某事是某人的一貫做風(fēng) At first, fever is _ of the disease, but it _ takes several weeks to appear. It is _of h

18、er to forget / to keep others waiting. 她這個(gè)人愛(ài)忘事她這個(gè)人愛(ài)忘事/讓別人等待讓別人等待。 =_, she forgets things/keeps others waiting.p Compare: basically adv. 基本上，基本上，大體上，大體上， 總體上總體上p_, their goal is to promote healthier eating habits. typical typically typical Typically Basically 5. take a boat ride out into the bay 乘船旅行

19、駛?cè)牒吵舜眯旭側(cè)牒硃take a boat/car/bus/train/bike ride to/into. 乘小船乘小船/汽車、小車、火車去汽車、小車、火車去/進(jìn)入某地進(jìn)入某地 =take a ride to/into.in a boat/a car/on the bus /train/ ones bike =ride to/into.in a boat/a car/on the bus/train/ones bike =ride the boat/car/bus/train/ones bike to/into. 關(guān)于名詞關(guān)于名詞ride的其它短語(yǔ)和固定搭配：的其它短語(yǔ)和固定搭配：ph

20、ave a ride (in ones car/boat/truck/taxi/on ones bike/horse/on the roller coaster) 騎一下、乘坐一下騎一下、乘坐一下pgo on (bike) rides 去騎（自行）車去騎（自行）車/騎馬騎馬/去玩游樂(lè)設(shè)施去玩游樂(lè)設(shè)施pgo for a (bike/car/bus) ride 去（騎、乘坐去（騎、乘坐.）兜風(fēng)）兜風(fēng) =go for a ride in/on sthpgive sb a ride (to/into.) in/on. 用用.捎某人去某地捎某人去某地ptake sb for a (car/bike.)

21、ride 帶某人騎、乘車兜風(fēng)帶某人騎、乘車兜風(fēng)p=take sb for a ride in/on. pget a (free) ride to/into sth 搭便車去某地搭便車去某地pIt is a ten-minute bus ride to/into/from.to. 去某地去某地 / 從從.到某地乘車到某地乘車10分鐘的路程分鐘的路程6. looking out over the city 俯瞰整座城市俯瞰整座城市 =overlooking the city7. take a pleasant hike in a forest 在森林中愉快地徒步在森林中愉快地徒步旅行旅行pplea

22、sant adj.令人愉快的令人愉快的, 宜人舒適的宜人舒適的； 友好的，友好的， 和善的和善的(to) ppleased adj.高興的高興的 (with sth /to see/hear/know/that.)ppleasing adj.令人高興令人高興/滿意的滿意的(to sb)(satisfying)ppleasure U 高興；快樂(lè)高興；快樂(lè); 滿意；玩樂(lè)滿意；玩樂(lè)(=enjoyment) C快樂(lè)的事快樂(lè)的事Wilson was _ with his _design, and had the _of having _and humorous conversations with hi

23、s colleague.pgo on/for a hike to/through(the woods) 去去/穿越（森林）徒步旅行穿越（森林）徒步旅行pon the short hike from camp 在離開(kāi)營(yíng)地的步行途中在離開(kāi)營(yíng)地的步行途中pgo hiking 去徒步旅行去徒步旅行phike the Rockies 穿越穿越落基山脈徒步旅行落基山脈徒步旅行pleasedpleasingpleasurepleasant8. (On) The next moring, the two girls _ (arise) early _ (take) the train to Lake Loui

24、se, _ (pass) through the Canadian Rockies. arise / rise / raise / arousearoseto takepassing原形原形詞性詞義詞性詞義過(guò)去式過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞arisevi. 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生（問(wèn)題，產(chǎn)生（問(wèn)題/情情況）況）；起；起床床/身身/立立arosearisenarisingrisevi. 升起升起; 上升上升, 上漲；上漲；起立起立roserisenrisingraisevt. 舉起舉起；提高；提高；撫養(yǎng)；飼撫養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)養(yǎng); 提出（問(wèn)題）；籌集提出（問(wèn)題）；籌集raisedraisedrais

25、ingarouse vt. 激起激起 (interest/anger)arousedarousedarousing Can we begin by discussing matters/problems _from the last meeting? The question _ as to whether or not he knew of the situation. Betty _ the important question of who will be in charge. All the family _ from their seats to welcome the guests

26、. She was too weak _ herself out of the chair For most parents, _ a family is a positive challenge.arisingariseshas raisedarose/roseto raiseraising His remark not only broke the ice, but _ everyones interest. Prices _ rapidly in the past ten years. Many shops_ their prices to unreasonable levels so

27、far. _(stand) in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds _(rise) from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake. arousedhave risenhave raisedStandingrising9. in a forest just a short distance away （在）不遠(yuǎn)處（在）不遠(yuǎn)處 的（森林里）（副詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)）的（森林里）（副詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)）10. _(see) from the

28、 train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. _ (look) at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they _ ever _ (take).1) Seen 和和Looking 分別為過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。分別為過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。2) massive adj. 大而重，厚重的；巨大的大而重，厚重的；巨大的; 強(qiáng)烈的，非強(qiáng)烈的，非常嚴(yán)重的常嚴(yán)重的; 極好的極好的 SeenLo

29、okinghad taken巍峨、遼闊非常棒的pmassively adv. (extremely, awesomely) a massive wall/rock 厚重的墻、石塊厚重的墻、石塊a massive increase in.巨大的增長(zhǎng)巨大的增長(zhǎng)(suffer) a massive heart attack 心臟病嚴(yán)重發(fā)作心臟病嚴(yán)重發(fā)作3) awesome adj 很好的很好的(very good)； 令人驚嘆的令人驚嘆的(very impressive); 令人畏懼的；可怕的令人畏懼的；可怕的(very difficult and perhaps rather frightenin

30、g)an awesome sight/task 驚人的奇觀、十分艱巨的任務(wù)驚人的奇觀、十分艱巨的任務(wù) the awesome sweep of the scenery 連綿壯麗的風(fēng)景連綿壯麗的風(fēng)景pawesomely adv. awesomely beautiful 極其美麗極其美麗4) scenery/sight/view/scene/landscape詞性詞義詞性詞義搭配搭配sceneryUscenery U 一國(guó)或地一國(guó)或地區(qū)整體區(qū)整體群山、森林等群山、森林等自然風(fēng)景（總稱）自然風(fēng)景（總稱）see/enjoy/admire the scenerysightC (所看見(jiàn)所看見(jiàn)/看得見(jiàn)的人、

31、看得見(jiàn)的人、物所形成的物所形成的) 景物景物, 景景象，（尤指）奇觀象，（尤指）奇觀 ；the sights 名勝，景點(diǎn)名勝，景點(diǎn)a fantastic/familiar/common /rare sight; show sb the sights (of)see/tour/enjoy/admire the sightsviewC 從某個(gè)位置所能看到從某個(gè)位置所能看到的遠(yuǎn)處（自然）風(fēng)景的遠(yuǎn)處（自然）風(fēng)景have/get a .view of.詞性詞義詞性詞義搭配搭配landscape C 廣闊陸地（尤指鄉(xiāng)村）由廣闊陸地（尤指鄉(xiāng)村）由丘陵、山谷、原野等構(gòu)成丘陵、山谷、原野等構(gòu)成的自然風(fēng)光；風(fēng)景畫(huà)

32、的自然風(fēng)光；風(fēng)景畫(huà)an rural landscape鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光sceneC 某個(gè)具體地方（室內(nèi)或室某個(gè)具體地方（室內(nèi)或室外、局部或一時(shí)、人或物外、局部或一時(shí)、人或物活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)或靜態(tài)的、畫(huà)活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)或靜態(tài)的、畫(huà)中的）景象，景色；場(chǎng)景，中的）景象，景色；場(chǎng)景，場(chǎng)面，畫(huà)面場(chǎng)面，畫(huà)面a scene of absolute panic 一片驚恐的景象、場(chǎng)面一片驚恐的景象、場(chǎng)面 Id like a room with a _ for two nights, please. We had/got a spectacular _ of the ocean from the hotel. Looking

33、 at the beautiful _, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey The bird is now a rare _ in this country. The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking _ in the world. Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the _.viewscenerysightssightsightsview The peacefu

34、l _ of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes. Classical _ were a popular subject with many 18th century painters. He photographed a wide range of street _ in his spare time. They stood gazing at the happy _of children playing in the parksceneslandscapescenelands

35、capes311. where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. 那里湛藍(lán)的湖水，異常美麗，讓那里湛藍(lán)的湖水，異常美麗，讓人驚嘆不已。人驚嘆不已。1) literally adv. 字面上字面上; 真正地真正地 (really, indeed)p literal adj. 字面上的字面上的; 原義的原義的; 逐字的逐字的; 言辭刻板的言辭刻板的p in the literal sense =literally speaking 照字義來(lái)說(shuō)，不夸張地說(shuō)照字義來(lái)說(shuō)，不夸張地說(shuō)2)

36、 take sbs breath away令人驚嘆令人驚嘆; 使某人驚羨不已使某人驚羨不已 =be breathtakingp take a (deep) breath （深深）吸一口氣（深深）吸一口氣具有異常的美麗具有異常的美麗 （介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)）（介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)）phold ones breath 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸; 屏住氣屏住氣p(be) out of breath 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣(breathless)plose ones breath 喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)pcatch ones breath 喘口氣；緩口氣喘口氣；緩口氣12. take a coach (bound nor

37、th) through (the Canadian Rockies) to/towards (Jasper) 乘乘長(zhǎng)途汽車（向北）經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途汽車（向北）經(jīng)過(guò)去去.1) 注意課本中出行或乘坐交通工具的表達(dá)方式。注意課本中出行或乘坐交通工具的表達(dá)方式。2) bound adj. 準(zhǔn)備前往準(zhǔn)備前往(某地某地) (for); 一定會(huì)一定會(huì) (to do sth)pbe bound for. （交通工具）（交通工具） 準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)、飛開(kāi)、飛往（某地）往（某地）We boarded a plane (that was) bound for New York/NewYork-bound plane. 我們登上了

38、前往紐約的飛機(jī)。我們登上了前往紐約的飛機(jī)。a northbound/southound/London-bound flight/train 前往北方、南方、倫敦的航班、火車前往北方、南方、倫敦的航班、火車 pbe bound to do/be 一定會(huì)一定會(huì).；很可能會(huì)；很可能會(huì). =be certain/sure to do/be.; be likely to do sthWhen you are dealing so many patients, mistakes _ _ _（肯定會(huì)）（肯定會(huì)）happen.are bound to pbe bound up with sth. 與某事有密切

39、關(guān)系與某事有密切關(guān)系pbe bound up in sth. 忙于、專心于、熱衷于某事忙于、專心于、熱衷于某事14. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks 除了壯麗的山峰除了壯麗的山峰1) spectacular adj. 壯觀的，壯麗的壯觀的，壯麗的(very impressive)； 令人驚嘆的令人驚嘆的(breathtaking) C 壯觀的場(chǎng)面，精彩的表演壯觀的場(chǎng)面，精彩的表演(spectacle)p spectacularly (successful) adv. 輝煌地（成功）輝煌地（成功） 2) a (snow-cappe

40、d)mountain peak （山頂被雪覆蓋的）山峰（山頂被雪覆蓋的）山峰 preach/be at ones peak / the peak of sth 達(dá)到達(dá)到/處于處于.的高峰、頂峰、巔峰、鼎盛時(shí)期的高峰、頂峰、巔峰、鼎盛時(shí)期Shes at the peak of her career. 她正處在事業(yè)的巔峰。她正處在事業(yè)的巔峰。pat peak times 在高峰時(shí)段在高峰時(shí)段 (adj.)15. highlight C 最好或最精彩的部分最好或最精彩的部分 (of) vt. 突出突出;強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào);使醒目使醒目(emphasize, stress)One highlight of th

41、e trip/One of the highlhts of the trip was seeing/visiting the Great Wall in China.the highlights of the football match足球比賽的亮點(diǎn)足球比賽的亮點(diǎn)The report highlights the major problems _ (face) society today.16. drill vt. & vi. 鉆鉆(孔孔); 打打(眼眼) C】 鉆頭、鉆機(jī)鉆頭、鉆機(jī); C（反復(fù)的）練習(xí)；（反復(fù)的）練習(xí)； U（軍事）操練（軍事）操練; （消防或應(yīng)急）演習(xí)（消防或應(yīng)急）

42、演習(xí)pdrill a hole in/into/through sth 在、穿過(guò)在、穿過(guò).鉆孔鉆孔 pan electric drill 電鉆電鉆pmilitary drill 軍事訓(xùn)練軍事訓(xùn)練/演習(xí)演習(xí) (Compare: military training 軍訓(xùn)軍訓(xùn))pCanadas huge oil and gas drilling Industry 鉆井行業(yè)鉆井行業(yè) facing17. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, _ daily temperatures _(average)-10. Edmonton 冬天極其寒冷，日平均氣溫達(dá)零下冬天極其

43、寒冷，日平均氣溫達(dá)零下10度。度。1) freezing adj.& adv. （地方（地方/人人/天氣）極冷的（地）天氣）極冷的（地）; 冰凍的冰凍的 U 冰點(diǎn)冰點(diǎn) (=freezing point) pbe freezing cold 嚴(yán)寒；相當(dāng)冷嚴(yán)寒；相當(dāng)冷pa freezing winter 寒冷的冬季寒冷的冬季 pfreezing fog/temperatures 冰霧冰霧/凍結(jié)溫度凍結(jié)溫度p(be) above/below freezing (point) 冰點(diǎn)以上冰點(diǎn)以上 / 以下以下 (with)averagingwhen daily temperatures aver

44、age -10)pfreeze vt. & vi. (froze, frozen) （使）（液體（使）（液體/江河江河/物品物品/人）結(jié)冰；凍??；凍死；冷凍，冷藏人）結(jié)冰；凍??；凍死；冷凍，冷藏; (因恐懼等而因恐懼等而)（使某人）呆住（使某人）呆住 pfreeze (a river) (over) （使）（河流等）冰封了（使）（河流等）冰封了pfreeze up（物品）被凍住了；（人）（突然）呆?。ㄎ锲罚┍粌鲎×耍唬ㄈ耍ㄍ蝗唬┐糇freeze/be frozen to death 差點(diǎn)凍死差點(diǎn)凍死 pfreeze/be frozen with horror/terrior/fea

45、r/fright/ shock 被嚇、驚呆了被嚇、驚呆了pfreeze/be frozen stiff/sold 被凍僵被凍僵/被凍的硬邦邦被凍的硬邦邦 p(make) sb.s blood freeze （使）某人血液凝固（使）某人血液凝固pfrozen adj. （食物）冷凍的、冷藏的（食物）冷凍的、冷藏的 （人或身體部位）被凍僵的（人或身體部位）被凍僵的(extremely cold) （路面、江河）結(jié)冰的，冰封的（路面、江河）結(jié)冰的，冰封的 It is a well-known fact that water _ at 0. Its/Im _ (cold)/Im _(stiff)! C

46、an you turn on the heating? Two men_to death on the mountain peak.freezesfreezing frozen froze/were frozen The air temperature is well below _, and lakes and rivers _ (over/solid). The lake _ (over) until late spring. The ground _(solid) for most of the year. Our water pipes _(up) last winter. You c

47、an use fresh or _ fish. The pond _. Lets go skating. She stared a him, _ with shock.freezing have/are frozen is frozen is frozen froze frozen has / is frozen frozen 2) with daily temperatures averaging-10. 為為“with sb/sth doing”介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 作狀語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明上文的作用充說(shuō)明上文的作用, 也可以作時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、方式也可以作時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、方式

48、等狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)等狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ) It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, (with) some _ (measure) over 90 metres. The northeast Tiger and Leopard national Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries _(stretch) all the way to the border and _ (join) with Russias wildlife reserves.measuring st

49、retching joining 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的主語(yǔ) Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island _ wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques. Compare: With so many problems _ (solve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. With so many

50、problems _ (solve), the newly-elected president is having a good time.with with sth/sb doing 作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) to solve sovled with sth/sb to do/done 作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ) 3) average vt. 平均為、達(dá)、有平均為、達(dá)、有 The airport averages about a thousand flights a month. The water in the lake is not particularly deep, _ about 12 metres

51、.averaging has an average of./ has . on average 18. did not anticipate seeing such an open country （當(dāng)時(shí)）沒(méi)有預(yù)料見(jiàn)到這么一個(gè)空曠的國(guó)家（當(dāng)時(shí)）沒(méi)有預(yù)料見(jiàn)到這么一個(gè)空曠的國(guó)家panticipate (sb/sth) doing sth sth/that/wh- 遇見(jiàn)，預(yù)料；遇見(jiàn)，預(yù)料； 期待，期望期待，期望 (=expect (sb/sth) to do sth, look forward to)pIt is antcipated that.據(jù)據(jù)預(yù)料預(yù)料.=It is expected that

52、.p(do sth) in anticipation of sth 因?yàn)轭A(yù)料、預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)因?yàn)轭A(yù)料、預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)生某事生某事 ( (而做某事）而做某事） We anticipate _（會(huì)（會(huì)碰到）碰到） a certain amount of resistance to the plan. Sales are better than _. We dont anticipate this _(cause) any any difficulties/problems/changes. _（因?yàn)轭A(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)生）（因?yàn)轭A(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)生） bad weather they took plenty of warm clo

53、thes. Daniel was (eagerly) _ her arrival (looking forward to her arrival in eager _).（熱切期盼）（熱切期盼） _ _ _（根據(jù)預(yù)計(jì)）（根據(jù)預(yù)計(jì)） next year interest rates will fall. meeting/that we will meet anticipated causing/will cause In anticipation of anticipating anticipation It is anticipated Anticipating 19. a bunch of farms/stuff/keys/bananas/flowers 大量的；一串大量的；一串;一束一束; 一群一群; （作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)時(shí)單數(shù)）（作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)時(shí)單數(shù)） 本課文類似表達(dá)方式：本課文類似表達(dá)方式：pa land of forests and lakes (P39, P6, L3) =an area/region of . 一個(gè)森林和湖泊地區(qū)一個(gè)森林和湖泊地區(qū)psee the wide stret