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1、全方位教學輔導教案學科:英語 任課教師: 授課時間: 星期: 學 生張蕾性 別女年 級初三總課時: 小時 第 1 次課教 學內(nèi) 容賓語從句(Object clauses)重 點難 點掌握引導賓語從句的引導詞掌握賓語從句的語序掌握賓語從句主句與從句時態(tài)上的呼應教 學目 標掌握賓語從句的引導詞:that, who, whether, if, what, how, when, where掌握賓語從句的語序:主句+引導詞+主語+謂語掌握賓語從句主句與從句時態(tài)上的呼應掌握賓語從句的標點能綜合運用賓語從句教學過程課 前檢 查與交流作業(yè)完成情況:交流與溝通針對性授課 一、賓語從句的概念 句子的賓語一般由名詞
2、、代詞、動名詞或者動詞不定式充當,當一個句子充當賓語時,我們把這個句子叫做賓語從句。例如:I like my teacher. I know him. I know that Mr Li teaches English.句子結(jié)構(gòu):主句+引導詞(連接詞)+賓語從句2、 賓語從句三要素1. 引導賓語從句的連接詞(從屬連接詞和連接代詞); 2. 賓語從句的語序; 3. 賓語從句的時態(tài)(一)連接詞(引導詞)1、 連詞that,只起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,也無詞匯
3、意義,在口語中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. He said (that) he missed us very much.2、 連詞if 、whether,它們起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口語中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.一般情況下,if 和whether可以互換,但以下3種情況只能用whether: 在不定式前:Whether to go there
4、or not hasnt been decided.在介詞前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.與or not連用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.做主語:whether he will come is not decided.3、 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which,連接副詞when, where, why, how, 它們起連接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意義。eg. The teacher asked
5、 the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money.He asked who could answer the question.Do you know whom they are waiting for.Please tell me when we will have a meetingCould you tell me how i can get to the bus stationWould you tell me why
6、the train is late【注意】由連接代、副詞引導的賓語從句可以和“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents. è I dont know how to do with the presents.練習:Can you tell me how i can get to the station?(2) 語序 賓語從句的語序都用陳述句語序,即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分”(正常的主謂語序) eg: Please tell me where i can buy the beau
7、tiful flowers. Do you know what the population of China is?注意事項: 當從句的原句為以下句子以及what, who作主語時,語序不變, 例如:Whats wrong(with you)? Whats the matter? Whats happening? eg:I dont know whats the matter. Can
8、 you tell me who is over there?練習:翻譯句子 完成下列賓語從句: 1. Please tell me _. (我們什么時候開會) 2. Can you tell me _. (他在哪兒) 3. Could you tell me _. (我該怎么去車站) 4. Wo
9、uld you tell me _(為什么火車遲到了) 5. I want to know _. (他是否跟我們一起去公園) 6. Ask him _. (他是否能來) 7. I don't know _.(是否要下雨答案:1.Please tell me when we are going to
10、have a meeting. (我們什么時候開會) 2. Can you tell me where he is?(他在哪兒) 3. Could you tell me the way to the station? (我該怎么去車站) 4. Would you tell me why the t
11、rain is late?(為什么火車遲到了) 5. I want to know whether he will go to the park with us. (他是否跟我們一起去公園) 6. Ask him if he can come. (他是否能來) 7. I don't know
12、;whether it will rain (or not).(是否要下雨)(3) 、時態(tài)1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定,可以是任何時態(tài)。 I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where we will go fishing tomorrow.Do you know
13、160;when Mr. Smith moved here? 2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時, 過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時)。Eg: He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back
14、0;to the U.S.soon. 特殊情況: 1. 從句說明的是客觀真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。 Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three
15、60;is six. Could you tell me where the bookshop is. 2. 從句中有具體時間狀語,即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前,仍然用一般過去時。 The teacher told me she was born in 1960. 2. 即學即練子連接成為含有賓語從句的復合句。 1.
16、These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My te
17、acher told me _ light _ faster than sound. 3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack did not know _ there _ _ a meeting in
18、 five days. 4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French. 5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _
19、;the children _ _ games. 6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7. How many peo
20、ple can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture? 8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?
21、 Do you know _ _ _ her car?三、 其他需要說明的問題:a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱,變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致;如果是第二人稱,則與主句的賓語一致;如果是第三人稱,不用變化。如:(一主二賓三不變) “May I use your knife?”He asked me. He ask
22、ed me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number. b. 賓語從句的標點均由主句決定
23、。主句是陳述句,用句號;主句是疑問句,用問號。如: Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know?Where does he live?
24、 Do you know where he lives? 四、賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)分:eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine. 2) I dont know if the train has arrived.句1中if引導的是狀語從句。這個從句表示“條件”,修飾主句。整個句子的意思是如果明天天氣好,我就出去。句2中if引導的是賓語從句,充當謂語動詞dont know的賓語。整個句子的意思是我不知道火車是否到達。判斷方法:1、
25、60; 可以從整個句式看。狀語從句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(個別除外),賓語從句只能放在主句謂語動詞之后。2、 從引導詞看。if充當賓語從句的連接詞時,相當于whether, 詞義為“是否”,充當狀語從句的連接詞時,詞義為“如果”。when充當賓語從句的連接詞時,意為“什么時候”,充當狀語從句的連接詞時,意為“當?shù)臅r候”。3、 從時態(tài)看。if和when作連接詞時,引導賓語從句要注意:從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)應根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)作相應的變化。if和when充當從屬連詞時,引導條件和時間狀語從句,若主句的謂語動詞用一般將來時,則從句的時態(tài)
26、應用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。練習:1. She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it2. I don't know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. Whether B. where C. what D. when3. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you.A. if, wh
27、ether B. whether, whether C. if, That D. if, If4. The small children don't know _.A. what is their stockings in B. where is in their stockingsC. where is their stocking in D. what in their stockings五、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 1.當主句謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主語與從句主語相同時,從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如: She
28、 agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 2.當主句的謂語動詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時,主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如:
29、0;I don't know which sweater I should buy.I don't know which sweater to buy. 3.當主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時,從句的主語和間接賓語一致,且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時,從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導的賓語從句中,當從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“連
30、接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Could you tell me how to get to the park? 4.當主句謂語動詞是find,see,watch,hear等感官動詞時,從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu),賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如: She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She
31、 found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.5.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,consider,fancy,guess等動詞后的賓語從句,有時謂語盡管是否定意思,卻不用否定形式,而將think等動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问剑⑶抑骶涞闹髡Z是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來。如:I dont think you are right.I dont believe they have finished their
32、 work yet.課 堂檢 測 鞏固練習 1.Have you decided _for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when do you leave
33、 C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom
34、;lives where D. where Tom lives 3.The old man asked me _ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema C. wher
35、e the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema 4. I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if
36、60; C. why D. how 5. I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6 .I wonder _ .
37、A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D.
38、;how much are these shoes cost 7. She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8.Ask him _. A.
39、whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9.I dont know _ . A. what time the movie starts
40、60; B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts 10.The doc
41、tor asked me how long _ . A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 11.
42、The weather forecast doesnt say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomor
43、row D. if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _? A. whose pen is this
44、0; B. whose pen this is C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _? A. the tape was
45、0; B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape 14.They want to know _? A. where is the hospital B.&
46、#160;how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _. A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockin
47、g B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocki
48、ng 16. No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether
49、C. where D. if 17.July didnt know_. A. where is Tims father B. when was the first&
50、#160;watch made C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _,
51、 so we need your help. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do 19.We dont know _ wi
52、th the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do it B. how to do C. what do i
53、t D. what to do 20.He asked me _. A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the m
54、oney C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money 1.參考答案D 你決定什么時候去澳大利亞了嗎?賓語從句用陳述語序。 2. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序,where作從句的賓語。
55、 3. 參考答案C賓語從句用陳述語序,where表示地點。 4. 參考答案A if表示選擇,我想你是否將喜歡他。 5. 參考答案B 有or not, 所以用whether. 6. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序. 7. 參考答案A賓語從句用陳述語序,who 作從句的賓語。 8. 參考答案A whose是所有格,所以后面要有一個名詞,整體做從句的賓語。 9.
56、60;參考答案A 賓語從句用陳述語序。 10. 參考答案D 主句是過去時,從句也要用過去相應的時態(tài),醫(yī)生問我之前我已經(jīng)病了,所以用過去完成時態(tài)。課 后作 業(yè)選擇題 1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _? A. where you buy it
57、160; B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it 2. Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space
58、 Museum? -Of course. You can take bus No.1. A. where B. how C. if D. why 3.Do you know _the new mobile phone last week? -Maybe 900
59、;yuan. Im not quite sure. A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for 4. Michael Jordan has
60、failed over and over again in his life.And thats _ he succeeds . A. what B. when C. why D. where 5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. Its&
61、#160;about _. A. how did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terror(恐怖統(tǒng)治) B. what did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terror C. how Alice ended the Red
62、0;Queens reign of terror D. what Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terror 6. Do you know _the girl in red is? Im not sure. Maybe a teacher.
63、A. when B. how C. where D. what 7.What did your parents thank about your decision? -They always let me do _I think I should. A. when B.
64、 that C. how D. what 8. I want to know _. A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the
65、60;airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at 9. -Would you please tell me _?
66、60; -At 10:00 this evening. A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. when does the train leave 10.Could you
67、;tell me_? -Fill in this form and I will give you a card. A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I
68、can meet Cathy 11. Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is? -Im not sure. Maybe a reporter. A. who B. what
69、; C. where D. how 12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? -Sorry, I
70、have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine
71、60; 13. No one can be sure_ in a million years. A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C
72、. what man looked like D. what man will look like 14. Sue told me that she _ shopping with her sister the next
73、160;day. A. will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone 15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _. A. how much it cost
74、0; B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost 16. -When do you think _? -About half past&
75、#160;five. I will pick him up at the airport. A. he will come B. will he come C. did he come D. he came 17. Our teac
76、her told us the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises 18. -Listen! It
77、;is still noisy in the head teachers office.-Go and see _ they have finished correcting the papers yet. A. though B. whether
78、0; C. unless D. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. A. when did he go
79、0;abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abro
80、ad 20. Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is? -Im not sure. Maybe a reporter. A. who B. what
81、160; C. where D. how1【解析】選C 2【解析】選B 3【解析】選A 4【解析】選C 5【解析】選C 6【解析】選D 7【解析】選D 8【解析】選A 9【解析】選B 10【解析】選A 11【解析】選B 12【解析】選A。結(jié)合題意湯姆,如果天氣好的話,你知道弗蘭克這
82、個星期六將去動物園嗎?可知第一個空是賓語從句,要用一般將來時,第二個空是條件狀語從句,要用一般現(xiàn)在時,故排除B、C、D三項,選A。 13【解析】選D。從語序方面先排除B,另結(jié)合時間狀語in a million years可知要用一般將來時, 14【解析】選B。結(jié)合主句中的told和從句中的the next day可知要用過去將來時,故排除A、C、D三項 15【解析】選C 16【解析】選A。問句是帶有插入語do you think的賓語從句,要用陳述語序,先排除B、C二項;另
83、結(jié)合答句中的will pick him up可知要用一般將來時,故舍D選A。 17【解析】選D。從句中所說太陽從東邊升起是客觀事實,所以不管主句用什么時態(tài),從句總是用一般現(xiàn)在時,故正確答案為D. 18【解析】選B??疾閣hether引導的賓語從句。結(jié)合題意去看看他們是否已改完了試卷 19【解析】選D 20【解析】選B。四個選項都可以引導賓語從句,結(jié)合答語Maybe a reporter.可知問句是在詢問人的職業(yè),故正確答案為B。題意為你知道那個戴眼鏡的男人是做什么的嗎?二、把下列句子變成含有賓語從句的復合
84、句。 1. The tickets are in my pocket. The man says. The man says_ 2. I have joined the League. He says.He says_ 3. The earth goes round the sun. Our
85、160;teacher tells us. Our teacher tells us_ 4. Have you heard of anything about Mei? The man asks us. The man asks us_ 5. Can you swim? Please tell me.
86、60;Please tell me_ 6. How can we do the work well? I always think of _ 7. When do you go to bed? He asks me. He asks me _ 8. Where did
87、you meet Mr Green? I want to know_ 9. What are they drawing? Do you know? I want to know_ 10. Where do they stop on the way? I ask. 11. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? _12. Do they like to make friends with us? He asks. _ 13. " I am doing
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