必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、In this lesson, we will go over what we have learned Modal Verbs情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說話人的某種感情情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說話人的某種感情或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示某種態(tài)度。表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ( modal verbs)1) Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year.2) The new-built theatre can seat 1500 people.3) Can

2、she be in the computer center?4) I though what he said could not be true.5) Can/Could I use your dictionary?6) Could you lend me a hand?1. 1.表能力表能力3. 表示表示“請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求” “允許允許”(表請(qǐng)求時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常用表請(qǐng)求時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常用 could 代替代替 can 使語(yǔ)氣更委婉，回答時(shí)用使語(yǔ)氣更委婉，回答時(shí)用can)2. 表示推測(cè)，意為表示推測(cè)，意為“可能可能”“”“或許或許”，用于疑問句或否定句，用于疑問句或否定句1. can 與與could4. 表示

3、表示“許可許可”，可與，可與may 換用。換用。You can go home now.5. can 用于疑問句或否定句中時(shí)，表驚異、用于疑問句或否定句中時(shí)，表驚異、不相信等，意思是不相信等，意思是“可能、能夠可能、能夠”。How can you say that you really understand the wholestory if you have finished only part of the article?6. cant/ couldnt +have + done 表示對(duì)過去表示對(duì)過去 情況的否定推測(cè)情況的否定推測(cè)Susan cant have written a rep

4、ort like this.7. could + have + done 表示對(duì)過去能做而表示對(duì)過去能做而 未做的事情感到惋惜，遺憾未做的事情感到惋惜，遺憾Its a pity. Your class could have got the first prize.1. Michael _ be a policeman, for hes much too short. A. neednt B. cant C. should D. may2. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the openi

5、ng ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must3. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed4. My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture. A. couldnt have attended

6、 B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attendedBAAA2. may 與與might1. 表示表示“許可許可”或或“請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求”，有，有“可以可以”的意思，口語(yǔ)中的意思，口語(yǔ)中 常用常用 might 代代 may ,表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。 否定回答時(shí)用否定回答時(shí)用“must not”表表“禁止，阻止禁止，阻止”， 不用不用 “may not”. “may not” 表示表示“可能不可能不” 。Eg: 1)- May I watch TV after supper? - Yes, you ma

7、y. / No, you mustnt. 2) Today is Sunday. She may not in her office now.2. 表示可能性。表示可能性。 意為意為“或許，可能或許，可能” might 比比 may 可能性小?？赡苄孕?。Eg: 1) It might be true. 2) They may be in the library now.3. may/ might as well + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 “還是還是的好的好” Eg: You may as well go and have a look.4. May you +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 表表“希望、祝愿、祈

8、求希望、祝愿、祈求” “祝你祝你”Eg: May you succeed!1.Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. shouldC. can D. will2.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. willAB3. will 與與would 1. 表表“請(qǐng)求、建議請(qǐng)求、建議”等，用等，用 would 比用比用will 委婉，

9、客氣些委婉，客氣些Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of tea?2. 用于表示意志或意愿。用于表示意志或意愿。 will 指現(xiàn)在，指現(xiàn)在， 而而 would 指指 過去。過去。Eg: 1) Ill never do that again. 2) They said that they would help us.3.表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 譯作譯作 “總是、慣于總是、慣于” will 指現(xiàn)在，指現(xiàn)在， would 指過去。指過去。Eg: 1) He will often read all night.

10、 2) Fish will die without water. 3) Every evening, she would sit by window, deep in thought.4. 表示功能，譯作表示功能，譯作“能、行能、行”Eg: 1) That will be all right. 2) This door wont open.5. 用于否定句中，表示用于否定句中，表示“不肯、不樂意不肯、不樂意”Eg: No matter what I said, he wont listen to me.4. should1. 用于表勸告、建議。用于表勸告、建議。 意為意為”應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)

11、”。Eg: You should keep your promise.2. 用于表推測(cè)。用于表推測(cè)。 意為意為 “可能、該可能、該”Eg: 1) Its 7 oclock, he should be at home. 2) They should have arrived by now.5. shall 與與will1. Shall 與第一、三人稱連用，且用在疑問句中時(shí)，與第一、三人稱連用，且用在疑問句中時(shí)， 表說話人征求聽話者的允諾。表說話人征求聽話者的允諾。 Will 與第二人稱連用，且出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時(shí)，與第二人稱連用，且出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時(shí)， 表示請(qǐng)求。表示請(qǐng)求。 Would 更客氣。更客氣

12、。Eg: 1) Shall we begin our discussion? 2) Shall the driver wait? 3) Will you speak louder, please?2. shall的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人 的允諾、警告、命令等語(yǔ)氣。的允諾、警告、命令等語(yǔ)氣。 will 的主語(yǔ)是第一、二、三人稱的陳述句，的主語(yǔ)是第一、二、三人稱的陳述句， 表意志、意愿。表意志、意愿。Eg: 1)You shall get the book tomorrow. 2) He shall be punished. 3) You s

13、hall go with me. 4) If you will come to my house, I will show you my new painting.允諾允諾警告警告命令命令6. must1. 表示義務(wù)或強(qiáng)烈的勸告，意為表示義務(wù)或強(qiáng)烈的勸告，意為“必須必須”“”“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”， 其否定式表示其否定式表示“不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該”“”“不許可不許可” “不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn)”“”“禁止禁止”。Eg: 1) You must finish your homework first. 2) Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.2. 回答回答 must

14、 所在的一般疑問句時(shí)，否定回答用所在的一般疑問句時(shí)，否定回答用 “neednt” “dont have to”.Eg: -Must we finish the work tomorrow? -No, you neednt/ dont have to, but you must finish it in three days.3. 表推測(cè)，用于肯定句，意為表推測(cè)，用于肯定句，意為“一定一定”“”“務(wù)必務(wù)必”。Eg: 1) Betty must be in the next room. 2) He must be watering the flowers in his garden. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)

15、動(dòng)詞 + have done這是歷年高考熱點(diǎn)之一，這是歷年高考熱點(diǎn)之一，可表示可表示“推測(cè)、責(zé)備、懷疑推測(cè)、責(zé)備、懷疑”等多種意義。等多種意義。一、表示對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)或估計(jì)一、表示對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)或估計(jì)1. must have done “想必或肯定已經(jīng)做了某事想必或肯定已經(jīng)做了某事” eg: The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night.2. may/might have done “可能可能/大概已經(jīng)做了某事大概已經(jīng)做了某事” eg: Tom may have gone to shanghai, but I sti

16、ll not sure about it.3. cant/couldnt have done “不可能已經(jīng)做了某事不可能已經(jīng)做了某事” eg: The ground is very dry, so it cant have rained last night注：在疑問句中注：在疑問句中 can/could 表示對(duì)過去情況的疑問性表示對(duì)過去情況的疑問性 推測(cè)，推測(cè)，“可能已經(jīng)可能已經(jīng)了嗎？了嗎？” eg: Someone must have broken into our bedroom, Who could have done it?二、表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生事情的遺憾或責(zé)備二、表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生事情

17、的遺憾或責(zé)備1. should/ought to have done “過去本該做而沒做過去本該做而沒做” eg: I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late.2. shouldnt/oughtnt to have done “過去不該做的事卻做了過去不該做的事卻做了” eg: Im very sorry for the words I shouldnt have said to you at that moment.3. could/might have d

18、one “本來能夠做的事卻沒做本來能夠做的事卻沒做” eg: He could have worked out the problem.4. neednt have done “原本不必做的事卻做了原本不必做的事卻做了” eg: Your home is not far from your school, so you neednt have left in such a hurry. 5. would rather have done “本想做卻未做成本想做卻未做成” eg: I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.