賓語從句大全

1、賓語從句第一部分：賓語梗要賓語是動作、行為的對象，是動作的承受者。賓語由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語來擔(dān)任。當(dāng)然，也可以由一個句子來充當(dāng)，稱之為賓語從句；英語的及物動詞后必須有賓語；除及物動詞有賓語之外，英語介詞后面也要有賓語；某些形容詞如worth,careful等后也可有賓語；賓語有直接賓語和間接賓語之分。即指人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語，這兩個賓語統(tǒng)稱為"雙賓語”。一不同詞類作賓語1 .名詞作賓語Sheisplayingthepianonow.2 .Wealllikehim.Shedoesn'tknowme.3 .數(shù)詞作賓語Givemefour.4 .the

2、+形容詞/v-ed/v-ing結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。1) Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.2) Theywenttohelpthedyingandthewounded.3) Theyaresearchingforthelost.二.非謂語類作賓語1 .不定式作賓語Weallliketogotoschool.注意:Idontknowwhattodonext.2 .動名詞作賓語Thebosshatesworkers'complaining.三.從句類作賓語Ithinkheisright.DoyouunderstandwhatImean?Iaskedwhethertherear

3、eanychemist'sshopsinthisstreet.Givehimwhateverheneeds.Wecanrelyonwhomeverwecantrust.Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.四.兩種特殊帶賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)1 .一些形容詞可皆賓語常用的情感形容詞有：sure,afraid,glad,pleased,happy,worried,sad,sorryThebookisworthreading.2 .介賓結(jié)構(gòu)Aretheylisteningtotheprofessor?Aretheysatisfiedwithus?Hepasse

4、dtheexambycheating.五.it用作形式賓語(基本用法)Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.Didyoumakeitclearwhyshedidn'tcome?Ithinkitverystrangethathegoesoutwalkingalmosteverynight.Shewon'tlikeitifyouarrivelate.六.雙賓語有些及物動詞可接兩個賓語(雙賓語)，即指人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語。1 .常用句型為主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語。G

5、ivemeacupoftea,please.Youdon'tneedtoshowhimhowtodoit.Hehastoldmewheretheylives.2 .下面幾種情況，通常要用介詞to或for引起的短語：1) .當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞(it/them)時。如：ThewatchisLiLei's.Pleasegiveittohim.。2) .當(dāng)強調(diào)間接賓語時。如：Mothercooksbreakfastforuseveryday.3) .當(dāng)間接賓語比直接賓語長時。如：Onthebus,heoftengiveshisseattoanoldperson.4)由to連接間接賓語

6、的動詞有：give,lend,bring,show,tell,write,send,hand,teach,offer,sell,promise,pass,take等.5)由for連接間接賓語的動詞有：buy,make,leave,do,choose,order,sing,win,cook,get注意:Iwillaskhimaquestion.Iwillaskaquestionofhim.七.同源賓語(CognateObject)少數(shù)不及物動詞能帶一個在詞根上與動詞相同或相近意義的賓語，即同源賓語1 .能帶同源賓語的動詞有:lead,live,die,sleep,dream,breathe,sm

7、ile,laugh,fight,run,singUndertheleadershipoftheParty,thepeasantsarelivingahappylife.Idreamedaterribledreamlastnight.OursoldiersfoughtawonderfulfightagainstthefloodslastAugust.Hediedaheroicdeath.2 .同源賓語前面可帶形容詞作定語。這時，“動詞+定語+同源賓語”的結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上相當(dāng)于“動詞+與定語意義相同的狀語”。二者相比，前者語氣更強一些。Wesleptacomfortablesleeplastnight

8、.(=Wesleptcomfortablylastnight.)ProfessorSmithdiedasuddendeathlastWednesday.(=ProfessorSmithdiedsuddenlylastWednesday.)注意：同源賓語前面通常帶有定語。fightagoodfightbreatheadeepbreathlaughafoolishlaughsmileaforcedsmile3 .同源賓語的修飾語是形容詞最高級或含有最高級意義時，該同源賓語?？梢允∪?。Youshouldrunyourfastest(race)Theoldmanbreathedhislast(brea

9、th)thismorning.第二部分賓語從句學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。比較下面幾個句子Idon'tknowthephonenumber.Idon'tknowwhat'hisphonenumberis.Idon'tknowifthisishisphonenumber.在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句賓語從句詳解一.賓語從句的分類:.1作動詞的賓語：Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.2作介詞的賓語：Hesaidnothingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight.3作形容詞的賓語：Ia

10、msureIwillpasstheexam.二.賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞)的用法分三類：從屬連詞that(陳述句),if,whether(是否)，尺、連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等.連接代詞一般指疑問，但what,whatever除了指疑問外，也可以指陳述.連接副詞when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.找出并翻譯下列句中的賓語從句1 Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear2 Idon'tknow

11、iftherewillbeabusanymore.3 Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.4 DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?5 ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.6 Hedidn'ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.7 Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel(新的操作盤)？28 Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.（一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（在非正式場

12、合that可以省略）只起連接作用，無詞意，通常第一個that可省?？筛鷗hat從句做賓語的動詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetoothe

13、rplanets.2在以下情況中that不能省略1）、當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。Ican't

14、tellhimthathismotherdied.4）當(dāng)it作形式賓語時例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.5）當(dāng)賓語從句前置時Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.6）.that從單獨回答問題時。如：一Whatdidhehear?他聽說了什么事？一ThatKatehadpassedtheexam.（他聽說）凱特考試及格了。3賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。Idon'tthinkitisrightfo

15、rhimtotreatyoulikethat.注后、:1）主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won'tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haven'ty

16、ou?如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞（不包含帶有否定前綴的詞，如：unhappy,unfair,dislike等）,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?2）當(dāng)主句的主語是第二、三人稱時，其反義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,doesn'tshe?Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,didn'tyou?Theydon'tbelieveshe'sa

17、nengineer,dothey?Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,doesshe?3）在think,believe,suppose,guess等及物動詞及I'mafraid等表達(dá)的后面，可用so,或not代替一個賓語從句，so代替肯定句，not代替否定句，該賓語從句通常是上文提到的一件事。一Arewelate?一I'mafraidso.-Doyouthinkhewillcome?-No,Ithinknot./Idon'tthinkso.注:Idon'tthink/believe/suppose/expectso

18、.這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能用于動詞guess和hope,guess和hope只能用Ihope/guessnot.（二）由whether,if弓I導(dǎo)的賓語從句whether和if通用，都表示“是否”的意思。一般來說，后者比較正式，在口語中前者常用來代替后者。但兩者有時具有不同的暗示。用whether時，正反兩面的選擇意義較強，問話人并不在意回答是肯定還是否定；而用if時，則比較強調(diào)單方面，即正面，問話人希望得到肯定的回答。另外，還要注意從以下六個方面的高頻考點：一一、whether和if都可以與ornot連用；但whether和ornot寫在一起時，或在動詞短語后，只能用whether,不能用if。如：Id

19、on'tcarewhether（或if）itwillrainornot. Idon'tcarewhetherornot Idon'tcareaboutwhetheror二、在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，應(yīng)注意：1、表示“是否”時，兩詞都能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Idon'tknowwhether/ifIwillbeabletocome.itwillrain.（不用if）notitwillrain.（不用if）我不知道我是否能來. Sheaskedmewhether/ifIwasinterestedinworkingforher.她問我是否有興趣為她工作。 We'llbetol

20、dtomorrowwhetherweshouldtaketheexamornot.我們明天才知道是不是應(yīng)該參加考試. Iaskedhimwhetherhehaddonealltheworkhimselforwhetherhehadhadanyassistance.我問他這些工作都是他自己做的還是別人幫他做的 Iwonderif/whetheryoucanexaminehimnow.（注意：在兩個供選擇的從句之間若用or字,則須重復(fù)whether一字.）注：當(dāng)強調(diào)賓語從句并將其提前時只能用whethero如:WhetherI'llhavetimetogowithyouIamnotsure

21、.我很難說我們是否有時問跟你們一起去。2、賓語從句移置句首時，用whether,不用if。Whetheritistrueornot,Ican'tsay.=Ican'tsaywhether/ifitistrueornot3、賓語從句為否定形式時，通常用if,而不用whetheroIaskedTomifMarywouldn'tcome.4、動詞discuss,decide,consider等后習(xí)慣上也常用Whether引導(dǎo)從句，不用if。whether和if的區(qū)別三、在下列情況下，只能用whether,不能用if1、與不定式連用時，只能用whether.Hecan'

22、tdecidewhethertoacceptorrefuse2、在介詞后，只能用whetheroEverythingdependsonwhetherheisready.Idon'tcareaboutwhetherornotitwillrain.3、在名詞后作同位語時，只能用whetheroThequestionwhethertheyoughttostopworkingwasdiscussedamongtheworkersIhavenoideawhetherheisthere.Whether4、引導(dǎo)主語從句時，只能用whetherohecomesornotdoesn'tconce

23、rnme5、引導(dǎo)表語從句時，只能用whetheroWhatMariadoesn'tknowiswhethertherewillbeenoughsnow.6、當(dāng)whether和ornot連用時，只用whether不用if。如:Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcome.我不知道他是不是回來。I'llbehappywhether/ifIgetthejobornot我能不能得到那份工作都一樣高興。注意：當(dāng)ornot放在whether引導(dǎo)的從句句尾，則可以用7、當(dāng)whether和or連用表示明確的選擇時，只用if來替換。whetherHeaskedmewh

24、etherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.汽車去那里。Hehesitatedaboutwhetherheshoulddriveortakethetrain.猶豫不決注:whether和or連用還可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時也不用work,whetherwecanfindthenecessarytoolsornot.不用if。他問我是想乘火車還是坐公共他開車去還是坐火車去if。如：We'llgoonwiththe不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們要把這件工作做下去。Whetherornotitrains/Whetheritrainsornot,we're

25、playingfootballonSaturday.問題是去慕尼黑還是去維也納.是否現(xiàn)在結(jié)婚或是等待她不知道。論下不下雨,我們星期六一定踢足球.8、在動詞不定式之前，只能用whether,不能用if ThequestioniswhethertogotoMunichorVienna. Shedoesn'tknowwhethertogetmarriednoworwait.4 Wewerewonderingwhethertogotodayortomorrow.我們弄不清是今天走還是明天走I'mnotsurewhethertoresignorstayon.我拿不準(zhǔn)主意是辭職還是留任四、

26、if可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，譯作“如果”，whether可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，譯作“不管、無論”。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotbuy.不管我們能否找Whetherheagreesornot,Ishallgothere.We'llgoonwiththework,whetherwecanfindthenecessarytoolsornot.到所帚的工具，我們要把這件工作做下去。Whetherornotitrains/Whetheritrainsornot,we'replayingfootballonSaturday.論下不下雨,我們星期六一定踢足球.五、whether和if均

27、可用來弓I與主語從句，但Whethertheywinorloseisallthesametome.whether不能反作if)It'sdoubtfulwhetherthere'llbeanyseatsleft.換作if)if引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于句首。他們是贏是輸於我都一樣.（此時說不上還有沒有空座位了.（此句whether能六、表語從句、同位語從句用whether引導(dǎo)不用if.Thedoubtwaswhetheryouhadbrokenthebeautifulvase.疑問是你是否打壞了這只漂亮的花瓶。是否要另Thequestionwhetherwe'llbuildano

28、therlecturebuildinghasn'tbeensettled.建一幢教學(xué)樓的問題還未決定。（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。連接代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。連接代詞一般指疑問，但what,

29、whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲么？ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么Haveyoudeterminedwhetheryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎？連接副詞有：when,where,why,how,在句中擔(dān)任狀語的成分。Hedidn'ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒有告訴我什

30、么時候我們能再見面.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎？Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.四.賓語從句的時態(tài)時態(tài)：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。例句：Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.2、王旬是過去時態(tài),例句：Shewassorrythatshehadn'tfinishedherworkontime.3、當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時，即使主句是過去時

31、，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例句：Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.五賓語從句中的語氣虛擬語氣的用法虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的一種愿望，假設(shè)，懷疑，猜測，建議等含義，虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。I.Wish(表現(xiàn)在->過去時；表過去->過去完成時；表將來->would+do)IwishIwereabirdandcouldflyfreely.IwishIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.HowIwishitwouldntraintomorrow.2.在表示含有“愿望

32、、建議、命令”等詞的各種從句中，從句的謂語動詞用(should+do)一堅持二命令三建議四要求i-和-s雙重性Insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,desire,request,requireinsist/suggestEg:Theteachersuggestedthathe(should)readEnglishaloud.Herequiredthatwe(should)workallright.Itwassuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoffnextweek.Thesuggestionth

33、atthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweeksurprisedusalot.Thesuggestionisthatthemeeting(should)?注：suggest表“暗示”，表明之意時，insist表示“堅持認(rèn)為，硬要說”之意時，不用虛擬。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.iHeinsistedthathewasaPartymemberandbesenttothefront.六、賓語從句的

34、特殊式1 .復(fù)合連接代詞在賓語從句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.(whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho)ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.(whatever=anythingthat)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在止匕處是泛指，木可被what替代。而Icanrememberatthemome

35、ntwhohassaidthewords.”中白4who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoevero2 .it作形式;賓語，從句作真正賓語。、(1)動詞+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中謂語動詞前可加should,亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.(2)動向+it+as+名詞/形容詞+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

36、(3) 動詞+it+介詞+thatclause。常見的看：oweittosb.+thatclause(把？歸功于某人)，leaveittosb.+thatclause(把？留給某人去做)，takeitforgranted+thatclause(想當(dāng)然),keepitinmind+thatclause(t己??？)。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe'dalwaysbearound.Youmaydependonitthathewillturnupintime.你可以相信他會及時趕到的。Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.

37、(盡管放心,我們會隨時幫你的。)、-I】lseetoitthatalltheseletterswillbesenttothepostbeforetwelve.我將注意.Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly?(你負(fù)責(zé)保證她早到家，好嗎？)Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocent.(他堅持說自己是無辜的。)Ileaveittoyourownjudgementwhetheryoushoulddoit.(我讓你自己判斷這事是否該做。)_Weoweittoyouthattherewasntaseriousaccident.(多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事

38、故。)(4) 某些表示“喜怒哀樂”的動詞，如like,enjoy,love,hate,dislike,prefer,appreciate等，往往不能直接接賓語從句；或者當(dāng)它們后接if從句或when從句，通常應(yīng)先在動詞后接it作形式賓語。Idontlikeitthathessolazy.(我不喜歡他那么懶惰。)Idontlikeitwhenshopassistantsfollowmearound.我不喜歡店員跟在我后面.Ihateitifyousaysuchthingsinpublic.我討厭你在大庭廣眾之下說那樣的事。Hehatesitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouths

39、full.他討厭別人邊說話邊區(qū)東西。6I'dpreferitifIdidn'thavetodosomuchwork.要是我不必做那么多工作那就太好了。Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyouwouldhelpmewithit.感激。（5.）用于haveitthat（說，認(rèn)為），takeitthat（認(rèn)為）等個別固定表達(dá)中。如：Itakeit（that）youagree.我以為你向意了。Reporthasitthatabout30peoplewerekilledintheaccident.據(jù)報道.注意：若賓語從句是wh-類，則不可用it代替Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我們都認(rèn)為你所說的是不可信的Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)簡化號語從句的手苣方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope,decide,