倒裝句型歸納匯編

1、倒裝英語(yǔ)句子的自然語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在后。如果將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的全部或一部分放在主語(yǔ)之前，就叫“倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)”。如果全部謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前，叫“全部倒裝”；如果只把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，就叫“部分倒裝”。1. 完全倒裝完全倒裝是把句子的謂語(yǔ)全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。在下列幾種情況下多用完全倒裝：地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)位于句首，且主語(yǔ)為名詞而謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞的陳述句。如：Onthetopofthehillstandsabigpinetree.(1) 在“there+be/live/lie/stand/.結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：.”O(jiān)ncetherelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.he

2、re,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,off,awa祥副詞位于旬首，主語(yǔ)為名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是be,come,go,run,rush,fly,follow,fal等詞，時(shí)態(tài)為一般時(shí)。如：Herearesomeadvertisementsaboutcars.Therecometherestofthestudents.Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)序不變。如：Awayhewent.Downitcame.(2) 有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或者為了使句子平衡，常把句子的表語(yǔ)置于句首，構(gòu)成完全倒裝。如：Pres

3、entatthemeetingwereProfessorSmith,ProfessorBrownandmanyothercelebrities.Gonearethedayswhentheyhadnothingtoeat.(3) such作表語(yǔ)提前時(shí)。如：SuchistheinfluenceofTVthatitcanmakeapersonfamousovernight.(4) 有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將謂語(yǔ)部分的動(dòng)詞-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞或不定式置于旬首。如：Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.Tobe

4、carefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.倒裝條件倒裝方法例句以here,there,out,in,up,down,away,off,back,等副詞開(kāi)頭，V多為be,go,come等，S為n.Adv.+V+STheregoesthelastbus.Awayflewtheplane.全部倒以then,now,thus,such開(kāi)頭，V多為come,follow,begin,end,be等，S為n.Adv.+V+SThencameanewdifficulty.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplebutgreatscientist

5、.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放句首，S為n.,V為lie,stand,sit,live,come,go,rise等Vi.prep.+V+SOnthetopofthehillstandsatemplewheretheoldmanoncelived.Southoftheriverliesasmallfactory.裝表語(yǔ)放句首，為保句子平衡表強(qiáng)調(diào)Prep.Phrases/adj./-ing/-ed+be+SPresentatthemeetingweresomeimportantfigures.Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.Seatedinthefirstlinear

6、esomeadvancedworkers.2. 部分倒裝部分倒裝是把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)提到主語(yǔ)之前。使用部分倒裝的情況有：(1) 含否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)(如not,nor,never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,rarely,little,few,nowhere,notuntil,notonly,nosooner,innoway,onnoaccount,undernocircumstances,bynomeans等)置于句首時(shí)。如：Neverwouldheknowwhatshehadsuffered.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestarted

7、complaining.Onnoaccountmustwegiveupthisattempt.(2) only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于旬首時(shí)。如：Onlywhenshecamehomedidhermotherlearnthenews.(3) 3)當(dāng)表示前面提出的某一情況也同樣適用于后者時(shí)，通常要用“so/neither/nor+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：HecanspeakEnglishandsocanI.Ifshewontgotheretomorrow,neither/norwillI.(4)當(dāng)虛擬條件句含有were,should,had時(shí)，可省略if,將we

8、re,should,had移到主語(yǔ)之前。如：Shouldyourequireanything,givemearing.Hadyoucomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.(5)sothat結(jié)構(gòu)中的“so形容詞/副詞”置于旬首時(shí)，主句通常要部分倒裝，但如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，則為全部倒裝。如：Soearnestlydidtheboybegthathisfathergavehispermission.(部分倒裝)SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.(全部倒裝)部分倒裝倒裝條件倒裝方法例句N(xiāo)ever,hardly,seldom,sc

9、arcely,barely,little,not,nowhere,bynomeans,innoway,atnotime,innocase等表7K否正或半否定的詞或短語(yǔ)放句首否定adv/prep.短語(yǔ)+V助/V系/MV+S+謂語(yǔ)其他部分NevershallIforgetthatday.LittledoIdreamofseeingsuchwonderfulscenery.“Only+狀語(yǔ)”放句首Only+adv/prepphrases/Adver.Clause+V助/V系/MV+S+謂語(yǔ)其他部分OnlylatelyhaveIseentheprofessoroncampus.Onlyinthiswa

10、ycanyousolvethisproblem.OnlyafterhefinishedtheworkdidheleaveHardlywhen,nosoonerthan,notonlybutalso等引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)如放句首，前一個(gè)分句部分倒裝，舟-分句不倒裝Hardly/Nosooner/Notonly+V助/V系/MV+S+謂語(yǔ)其他部分+when/than/butalso”句N(xiāo)osoonerhadthebellrungthantheteachercamein.Notonlywasheforcedtostayhome,butalsohehadtodohishomework.So,nor,neit

11、her等弓1出的表示前面所述情況也適用后者的句子So/neither/nor+V助/V系/MV+SHecanswimandsocanI.Myfatherdoesn'tsmoke;nor/neitherdoI.Sothat中的so位于句首時(shí)So+adj./adv.+V助/V系/MV+S+謂語(yǔ)其他部分+that從句Soangrywashethathecouldn'tspeak.SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.As/though弓1導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，把從句表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形放句首，當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)前小加旭：詞Adverb/P/V+though/as+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Objectasyoumay,Iwillgo.If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，從句含有had,were或should等時(shí)如把if省略，則將had/were/should等移到主語(yǔ)之前Had/Were/Should+S+謂語(yǔ)其他部分+主句HadIattendedthemeeting,IwouldhavemetJim.1.there,here,now,then,