外研八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語語法復(fù)習(xí)

1、考試題型 一、聽力 二、單選 三、完型 四、閱讀（三篇文章，每篇5道題） 五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（七選五） 六、完成句子（考5個(gè)兩個(gè)單詞組成的短語） 七、任務(wù)型閱讀 八、綜合填空 九、作文選擇題?？颊Z法點(diǎn)冠詞要注意選aan是看首字母的發(fā)音，而不是看是否是原因字母，如以h開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用an.)It is +adj+offor+sb+to+do +sth 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞-今年重點(diǎn)是cant 表否定推測(cè)不可能比較級(jí).最高級(jí)，今年最高級(jí)為重點(diǎn)分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法 分子基，分母序。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)不定式（常見的動(dòng)詞如asktell等后加雙賓語）修飾不定代詞遵循形容詞后置原則。名前代形后閱讀(一)主旨題1文章主旨題. 2. 段落主

2、旨題 (1)What is the main idea of this passage? (2)This passage is mainly about ? (3)What is the best title of this passage? (1)What does the first （second，third）paragraph mainly discuss？ (2)From the first (2nd, 3rd, 4thetc) paragraph, we can learn that .(二)作者觀點(diǎn)題和態(tài)度題1作者態(tài)度題 2作者觀點(diǎn)題(1)What is the mood of

3、the passage? (2)From the text we can see that the writer (3)The authors main thought is that (1)what does the writer think of? (2)According to the author, . (3)In the authors opinion, . (三)詞義/句意題 (1)what does the underlined word “”mean? (2)The underlined phrase (word, sentence) probably means . (3)T

4、he phrase (word, sentence) suggests .(四)推理引申題1)We can infer that . (2)The author suggests in the passage that (五)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題(題量最多)(1)According to the passage/ the author, who (what, where, which, when, why, how, etc)? (2)Which of the following is true/correct/ false/not included? (3)All of the following a

5、re (not) true, are (not) mentioned except .一）一般將來時(shí)一）一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)，事情發(fā)生在將來，時(shí)間，時(shí)間，放后邊，tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （動(dòng)詞原形）：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事It is going to rain. will 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來的用法：1. 表示預(yù)見表示預(yù)見Do you think it will rain? 2. 表示意圖表示意圖I will bo

6、rrow a book from our school library tomorrow. 例：例：I dont feel well today. 用用will改寫改寫（be better tomorrow） Ill be better tomorrow. There a football match next week.中考題中考題will (is going to ) be 3 3一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的用法：的用法：a.a.主要用于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。主要用于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。My father worked in Shanghai last year.My fath

7、er worked in Shanghai last year.b.b.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與oftenoften，alwaysalways等等 表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。I I oftenoften went to school on foot. went to school on foot.c.c.與與whenwhen等連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用。等連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用。When When diddid you you buybuy the book ? the book ? d. d. 過去時(shí)間：過去時(shí)間： a momen

8、t agoa moment ago（剛才），（剛才），yesterday morningyesterday morning，last night/ weeklast night/ week，the day before yesterdaythe day before yesterday（前天），（前天），just just nownow（剛才），（剛才），in 2006, three days agoin 2006, three days ago等等一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的用法：的用法：過去時(shí)，時(shí)過去，過去時(shí)間是標(biāo)志。過去時(shí)，時(shí)過去，過去時(shí)間是標(biāo)志。否定句很簡單，否定句很簡單，diddid之后之

9、后 not not添。添。疑問句也不難，疑問句也不難，diddid置于主語前。置于主語前。謂語動(dòng)詞要還原。謂語動(dòng)詞要還原。 2 2實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式的句式。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式的句式?？隙ㄊ剑褐髡Z肯定式：主語+ +動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式+ +其它。其它。如：如：They had a good time yesterday.They had a good time yesterday. 否定式：主語否定式：主語+did not+did not（didntdidnt）+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它。其它。 如：如：They didnt watch TV last night.They didnt watch

10、 TV last night. 一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Did+Did+主語主語+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它？其它？ 肯定回答：肯定回答：YesYes，主語，主語+did. +did. 否定回答：否定回答：NoNo，主語，主語+didnt.+didnt.如：如：Did they have a meeting two days agoDid they have a meeting two days ago？ Yes Yes，they did. / Nothey did. / No，they didnt. they didnt. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+did+主

11、語主語+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它？其它？ 如：如：What time did you finish your homeworkWhat time did you finish your homework？過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則“直”一般情況下在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加一般情況下在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加-ed. 如：如：wantwanted“去”以不發(fā)音的字母以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加再加-ed.如：如：hopehoped“雙”重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加再加-ed.如：如：stopstopped （輔元輔輔元輔）“改

12、”以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞改結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞改y為為i，再加，再加-ed.如：如：studystudied用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空 1. I _ ( go) to school yesterday.1. I _ ( go) to school yesterday. 2. She_ ( play ) football last week. 2. She_ ( play ) football last week. 3. Look! Jack _ ( sing ) now. 3. Look! Jack _ ( sing ) now. 4.You_(read)the new

13、 paper the day before yesterday. 4.You_(read)the new paper the day before yesterday. 5. I _ ( see ) Jack in the zoo last weekend. 5. I _ ( see ) Jack in the zoo last weekend. 6. I _ (do) my homework last night 6. I _ (do) my homework last night 7.She _(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow. 7.She

14、_(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow. 8. I _ ( help ) the little baby drink the milk the 8. I _ ( help ) the little baby drink the milk the next morning.next morning. 9. The farmers _ (work) on the farm next week. 9. The farmers _ (work) on the farm next week. 10. My parents_ ( watch) TV last M

15、onday. 10. My parents_ ( watch) TV last Monday.wentplayedis singingreadsawdidwill openwill helpwill workwatched句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.1. I went to the party last Friday. I went to the party last Friday. （改為一般疑問句）（改為一般疑問句）_ you _ to the party last Friday?_ you _ to the party last Friday?2.2. I had a nice time las

16、t Sunday. I had a nice time last Sunday. （改為一般疑問句）（改為一般疑問句）_ you _ nice time last Sunday?_ you _ nice time last Sunday?3.3. We went to London We went to London two years ago.two years ago. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_ _ you_ to London?_ _ you_ to London?4.4. He did his homework in the morning. He did his hom

17、ework in the morning. （改為否定句）（改為否定句）He_ _ his homework in the morning.He_ _ his homework in the morning.DidgoDidhaveWhendidgodidnt do各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)肯定式：肯定式：主語主語+have/has+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他否定式：否定式：主語主語+havent/hasnt+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他一般疑問句：一般疑問句： Have/Has+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+其他？其他？特殊疑問句特殊疑問句： 疑問詞疑問詞+have/has+主語主語+過去分詞過去

18、分詞+其他？其他？I have lived here for ten years.Lucy has lived here since 2001.They havent had breakfast yet.Have you ever been to Beijing?How long has he lived here? 謂語構(gòu)成：謂語構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞have / has +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞用法用法（1）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果， 常與常與already (已經(jīng)已經(jīng)), ever (曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)),yet ,just (剛剛剛剛)

19、, before (以前以前) 等詞連用。等詞連用。（2）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在，表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在， 常與常與for或或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。標(biāo)志詞標(biāo)志詞（1）just，never， ever， already， yet等等（2）for 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間；since點(diǎn)時(shí)間或點(diǎn)時(shí)間或 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句（一引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句（一 般多為過去時(shí)）般多為過去時(shí)）（3）so far(到目前為止到目前為止)；in the past/last表示一段時(shí)間的詞語表示一段時(shí)間的詞語1、see 2、hear 3、study 4、stop 5、write 6、teac

20、h7、catch 8、go 9、play 10、live11、make 12、forgetseenheardstudiedstoppedwrittentaughtcaughtgoneplayedlivedmadeforgotten( (一一) )考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般用法考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般用法 ( )1( )1Kitty, will you go to see the film Cold Kitty, will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening?Mountain this evening? NoNo，I wontI wontI_

21、it alreadyI_it already A Asaw Bsaw Bhave seen Chave seen Csee Dsee Dwill seewill see ( ) 2 ( ) 2. . G o n e w i t h the W i n d i s a w e l lG o n e w i t h the W i n d i s a w e l l k n o w n k n o w n novelnovelShe_ it twiceShe_ it twice A Aread Bread Bis reading Cis reading Creads Dreads Dhas rea

22、dhas read ( )3 ( )3How long_ you_ here?How long_ you_ here? For about two years so farFor about two years so far A. have; studied B. did; live A. have; studied B. did; live C. do; stay D. have changed C. do; stay D. have changedABD（二）考查非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用的表達(dá)方式（二）考查非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用的表達(dá)方式( )1( )1OhOhMrsMrsking,

23、 your dress looks niceking, your dress looks nice Is it Is it new?new?NoNo，I_ it since two years ago. I_ it since two years ago. A Ahad Bhad Bhave had Chave had Cbought Dbought Dhave boughthave bought( )2( )2Jeff borrowed a history book from his friendJeff borrowed a history book from his friendHe_i

24、t for a weekHe_it for a weekA Ahas borrowed B.has lent C.has kept Dhas borrowed B.has lent C.has kept Dlendlend( )3.( )3.The students are sorry to hear that the famous The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer_for half an hoursinger_for half an hour A Ahas left Bhas left Bhas gone C. has

25、 been away has gone C. has been away D. has gone away D. has gone awayBCC ( (三三) )考查考查havehavehas been tohas been to，havehavehas gone tohas gone to與與havehavehas has been inbeen in的區(qū)別的區(qū)別( )1( )1Wheres your father?Wheres your father?He_ ShanghaiHe_ ShanghaiHell be back next weekHell be back next week

26、A Ahas gone to Bhas gone to Bhas been to Chas been to Chave gone to have gone to D Dhave been tohave been to( )2( )2Where is David? Where is David? He_to England on businessHe_to England on business A Ais going Bis going Bhas gone Chas gone Chas been Dhas been Dgoesgoes ( )3. ( )3._ you ever_ to the

27、 United States? _ you ever_ to the United States? - -Yes, twiceYes, twiceA AHave; gone BHave; gone BHave; been CHave; been CDoDo；go Dgo DWere; goingWere; goingABB( (四四) )考查考查forfor與與sincesince接時(shí)間狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別接時(shí)間狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別( )1( )1What a nice dog! How long have you had it?What a nice dog! How long have you had i

28、t?-_two years-_two years A AFor BFor BSince C. InSince C. In( )2( )2Miss Gao has taught in this school_ 1993Miss Gao has taught in this school_ 1993A. for BA. for Bat Cat Cin Din Dsincesince ( (五五) )考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別( )1( )1-He has already gone to England-He has already gone to Englan

29、d -When_ he_ there? -When_ he_ there? A Awill; go Bwill; go Bis; going Cis; going Cdid; go Ddid; go Dhas; gonehas; gone( )2( )2Have you read this book?Have you read this book?yes, I_it two weeks yes, I_it two weeks ago.ago.A Aam reading Bam reading Bhave read Chave read Cwill read Dwill read Dreadre

30、adADCD( (六六) )現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在特定語境下的使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在特定語境下的使用( )1( )1HelenHelen，I told you to do your home-work as I told you to do your home-work as carefully as you can?carefully as you can?YesYes，but Ibut Ifewer mistakes than I usually dofewer mistakes than I usually doA Awas making Bwas making Bhave made Chave mad

31、e Cwill make Dwill make Dhad madehad made( )2( )2Has the match started?Has the match started? Started? FinishedStarted? Finished！Guo Yue_Guo Yue_A Ais winning Bis winning Bwins Cwins Cwill win Dwill win Dhas wonhas won( )3. Xiao Wang_ English for thirteen years. So he ( )3. Xiao Wang_ English for th

32、irteen years. So he can speak quite good English.can speak quite good English.A. had learned B. has learned A. had learned B. has learned C. will be learning D. learnsC. will be learning D. learnsBD B ( )4. The film_for half an hour. ( )4. The film_for half an hour. A. has begun B. has been begun A.

33、 has begun B. has been begun C. has been on D. began C. has been on D. began ( )5. You dont have to describe her. I_her ( )5. You dont have to describe her. I_her several times.several times. A. had met B. have met C. meet D. met A. had met B. have met C. meet D. met ( )6. Miss Yang is not at home.

34、She_to the school ( )6. Miss Yang is not at home. She_to the school library.library. A. went B. has been C. goes D. has gone A. went B. has been C. goes D. has gone ( )7. He has never visited the Great Hall of the ( )7. He has never visited the Great Hall of the People._?People._? A. hasnt he B. has

35、 he C. does he D. doesnt he A. hasnt he B. has he C. does he D. doesnt heBCDB謂語構(gòu)成謂語構(gòu)成:was/were+ 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞V-ing用法：用法：表示在過去的某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示在過去的某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)或存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday（昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候）（昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候）at that time last week（上周那個(gè)時(shí)候）（上周那個(gè)時(shí)候）at nine yesterday evening（昨晚九點(diǎn)時(shí)）（昨晚九點(diǎn)時(shí)）from seven to

36、ten last night（昨晚從七點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)）（昨晚從七點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)）等，等，when或或while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的主、從復(fù)合句。引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的主、從復(fù)合句。 I was reading a newspaper when he came inI was reading a newspaper when he came in 他進(jìn)來時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)。他進(jìn)來時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)。 While I was walking home, I met Mr Green.While I was walking home, I met Mr Green. 我步行回家時(shí)遇到了格林先生我步行回家時(shí)遇到了格林先生. .

37、 My father was reading a newspaper while my My father was reading a newspaper while my mother was cooking. mother was cooking. 媽媽做飯時(shí)爸爸在看報(bào)。媽媽做飯時(shí)爸爸在看報(bào)。注：注：while while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的主、從復(fù)合句，兩個(gè)過引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的主、從復(fù)合句，兩個(gè)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)并用，表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。去進(jìn)行時(shí)并用，表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)肯定式：肯定式：否定式：否定式：He was sleeping when she arrived. 她到達(dá)

38、時(shí)他正在睡覺。她到達(dá)時(shí)他正在睡覺。They werent planting trees at nine yesterday . 昨天早上九點(diǎn)他們不在植樹。昨天早上九點(diǎn)他們不在植樹。一般疑問句：一般疑問句： WasWere+主語主語+v-ing +其它其它?主語主語+was/ were +v-ing +其它其它主語主語+ waswere not +v- ing+其它其它Was he playing football when you rang me?你打電話給我時(shí)他正在踢足球嗎你打電話給我時(shí)他正在踢足球嗎?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句:疑問詞疑問詞+waswere+主語主語+v -ing +其它其它?W

39、hat was Peter doing at this time last week?上周這個(gè)時(shí)候彼特在于什么上周這個(gè)時(shí)候彼特在于什么?用was/were填空:1、I listening to the music.2、She playing the piano.3、They looking at the flowers.4、We having a picnic.5、Lingling watching TV.6、Two boys reading book.7、Your uncle and auntvisiting the Great Wall.8、Everyonehaving lunch.9、P

40、eople working on the farm.10、Some women singing pop music.waswaswaswaswerewerewerewerewerewere用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.You_ (have) a meeting at 9 last Monday 1.You_ (have) a meeting at 9 last Monday morningmorning2.They_ (play)football when I passed2.They_ (play)football when I passed3.She_ (take

41、)a walk when we had a talk3.She_ (take)a walk when we had a talk4._they _ (try)to draw horses on the 4._they _ (try)to draw horses on the blackboard when the teacher came in?blackboard when the teacher came in?5. The students _ (1isten)to the teacher 5. The students _ (1isten)to the teacher carefull

42、y while he was teaching carefully while he was teaching 。were havingwere playingwas taking Weretryingwere listening 反意疑問句反意疑問句意義意義概念概念回答規(guī)律規(guī)律構(gòu)成構(gòu)成當(dāng)我們陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，當(dāng)我們陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，而又不是很有把握，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陳述句后加就可以在陳述句后加 一一 個(gè)簡短問句，稱為個(gè)簡短問句，稱為反意疑問句。反意疑問句。 , 對(duì)吧對(duì)吧/是吧是吧?陳述句陳述句+簡短問句簡短問句助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語（代詞）主語（代詞）陳述句

43、是陳述句是肯定肯定的，的，簡短問句用簡短問句用否定否定形式；形式；而陳述句是而陳述句是否定否定的，的，簡短問句就用簡短問句就用肯定肯定形式；形式；（前肯后否，前否后肯）（前肯后否，前否后肯） 按事實(shí)回答按事實(shí)回答一、一、祈使句用于反意疑問句中祈使句用于反意疑問句中 這種類型較特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯這種類型較特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑問形式。定疑問形式。 句型句型1 1: :LetLets+s+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它，其它，shallshall we?we? 例：例：LetLets s gogo forfor a a walk, walk, shall wesha

44、ll we? ? 而而 Let us go for a walk, Let us go for a walk, will youwill you? ?句型句型2 2: :其它形式的祈使句，其它形式的祈使句，willwill you?you? ComeCome intointo thethe classroom,classroom, willwill youyou? ? Please Please bebe careful,careful, willwill youyou? ? Don Dont panic,will you?t panic,will you?二、含二、含be(is, are,

45、was, were)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問句，動(dòng)詞的反意疑問句，需用需用be的適當(dāng)形式的適當(dāng)形式. You are from America, arent you? Yes, I am. No, Im not. The Green werent at home last night, were they? Yes, they were. No, they werent. 注意：陳述部分主、謂語是注意：陳述部分主、謂語是I am.時(shí)，反意疑問句用時(shí)，反意疑問句用arent I 而不是而不是am not I例如： Im working now, arent I? 我在工作，是嗎？ 二、行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

46、的反意疑問句二、行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的反意疑問句,需用需用do/does的適的適當(dāng)形式。當(dāng)形式。 You often watch TV in the evening, dont you? Yes, I do. No, I dont. The first class begins at eight, doesnt it? Yes, it does. No, it doesnt. 三、行為動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的反意疑問句，需用三、行為動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的反意疑問句，需用did的是適當(dāng)?shù)氖沁m當(dāng)形式。形式。 The rain stopped, didnt it? Yes, it did. No, it di

47、dnt. Jims parents didnt go to Hong Kong last month, did they? Yes, they did. No, they didnt.四、一般將來時(shí)的反意疑問句四、一般將來時(shí)的反意疑問句 ，需用，需用will的適當(dāng)形式。的適當(dāng)形式。 The boys will play games, wont they? Yes, they will. No, they wont. It wont stop raining, will it? Yes, it will. No, it wont. 五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反意疑問句，需用have、has的適當(dāng)形式。 Y

48、ou have been to Shanghai before, havent you? Yes I have. No, I havent. Jack hasnt done his homework, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.六、陳述部分的主語是六、陳述部分的主語是everything, nothing, anything或或something 時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)用代詞時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)用代詞it。 例如：Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it? 我的收音機(jī)出毛病了，是吧？ 七、陳述部分的主語是七、

49、陳述部分的主語是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 時(shí)時(shí), 其反意疑問句其反意疑問句的主語需用復(fù)數(shù)代詞的主語需用復(fù)數(shù)代詞they。例如： Everyone is here, arent they? 大家都到了，是嗎？ No one knows about it, do they? 沒有人知道這件事，對(duì)嗎？ 八、陳述部分的主語是指示代詞八、陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this或或that時(shí)，反意疑問句的時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語用主語用it，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞

50、，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these或或those時(shí)，時(shí)，其反意疑問句的主語用其反意疑問句的主語用they。例如： This is a plane, isnt it? 這是一架飛機(jī)，是嗎？ These are grapes，arent they? 這些是葡萄，是嗎？ 九、注意：九、注意：ThereThere bebe句型句型 1 1ThereThere isis anan oldold picturepicture onon thethe wall,wall, isnisnt t there? there? 2. There2. There arenarent t any any child

51、renchildren inin thethe room,room, areare there?there? 3.There3.There wasnwasnt t a a telephonetelephone callcall forfor me,me, waswas there?there?4 4ThereThere werewere enoughenough peoplepeople toto pickpick apples,apples, werenwerent t there?there?5 5There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won

52、t there? 值得注意的是有時(shí)英語的謂語動(dòng)詞并不用否定式值得注意的是有時(shí)英語的謂語動(dòng)詞并不用否定式（ 即 沒 加 上（ 即 沒 加 上 n o tn o t ） ， 而 是 用 上 了） ， 而 是 用 上 了“never,never, little,little, few,few, hardly,hardly, nothing,nothing, nobodynobody”等等表 否 定 意 義 的 詞表 否 定 意 義 的 詞 ， 后 半 部 分 應(yīng) 用， 后 半 部 分 應(yīng) 用 肯 定 疑 問 式肯 定 疑 問 式 。 YouYou havehave nevernever beenbe

53、en toto Beijing,Beijing, havehave you?you? Mr.Mr. FatFat hashas fewfew friendsfriends here,here, doesdoes he?he? ThereThere isis littlelittle milkmilk inin thethe bottle,bottle, isis there?there? HeHe couldcould dodo nothingnothing, , couldcould he? he? 完成下列反意疑問句：完成下列反意疑問句： 1 1. Mary listened to pop

54、 music,_ _?Mary listened to pop music,_ _?2. He has never been to Shanghai_ _?2. He has never been to Shanghai_ _? 3.He has few friends at school,_ _?3.He has few friends at school,_ _?4.The music sounds beautiful,_ _?4.The music sounds beautiful,_ _?5.You can5.You cant dance to jazz,_ _?t dance to

55、jazz,_ _?6.They weren6.They werent at the concert,_ _?t at the concert,_ _?7.Let7.Lets stop writing,_ _?s stop writing,_ _?8.Don8.Dont be late,_t be late,_ _?_ _?didndidnt shet shehas hehas hedoes hedoes hedoesndoesnt itt itcan youcan youwere therewere thereshall weshall wewill youwill you動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式

56、動(dòng)詞不定式是初中英語的語法重點(diǎn)之一，也是每年中考英語動(dòng)詞不定式是初中英語的語法重點(diǎn)之一，也是每年中考英語試題的考點(diǎn)之一。它是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和試題的考點(diǎn)之一。它是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語。其構(gòu)成形式為數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語。其構(gòu)成形式為to+to+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形，toto為動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，本身無意義。動(dòng)詞不定式為動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，本身無意義。動(dòng)詞不定式具有兩大特點(diǎn)：具有兩大特點(diǎn)： 1.1.具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，因此，后面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語，具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，因此，后面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。2.

57、2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點(diǎn)，可以在句子中用作主語、具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點(diǎn)，可以在句子中用作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。一、一、動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式作主語作主語( )( )1. Its hard for us _English 1. Its hard for us _English well.well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learningA. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning( )2. Its very nice _ yo

58、u to get ( )2. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. forA. for， of B. ofof B. of， for for C. to C. to， for D. offor D. of， toto簡析動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語動(dòng)詞前面簡析動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語動(dòng)詞前面的主語位置，也可以用先行詞的主語位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語，而將真正的主語作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式不定式)置于后面。常見的句

59、式有：置于后面。常見的句式有：(1)It is +形容詞形容詞(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容詞形容詞(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名詞短語名詞短語(for sb)to do sth. C CD D句式句式(1)(1)中常用中常用nicenice， kindkind， cleverclever， goodgood， rightright， wrongwrong， foolishfoolish， carelesscareless等形容詞，與介詞等形容詞，與介詞ofof搭配，這

60、些形搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質(zhì)；容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質(zhì)；句式句式(2)(2)中常用中常用hardhard， difficultdifficult， easyeasy， importantimportant等形容詞，與介詞等形容詞，與介詞forfor搭配，表示搭配，表示不定式表示的動(dòng)作、行為的性質(zhì)。不定式表示的動(dòng)作、行為的性質(zhì)。二、動(dòng)詞不定式二、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語作賓語( )1. He wants _ some vegetables.( )1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bu