倒裝句用法小結(jié)

1、倒裝句用法小結(jié)一般來說，倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝，有的倒裝是因為語法需要而出現(xiàn)的，有的倒裝則是因為結(jié)構(gòu)平衡的需要而出現(xiàn)的。一、完全倒裝（主謂倒裝）是指把謂語全部提到主語的前面。 例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.1.以here, there，now, then引導(dǎo)的句子，要完全倒裝。這種句子中的謂語動詞通常是不及物動詞。如：Here comes the train! / There goes the bell!注意：若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes . / Her

2、e it is .2句首是擬聲詞或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副詞，句子要完全倒裝。（注意，這時句子的主語也必須是名詞。如果是人稱代詞，也不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。） 如：Up went the rocket. /Up it went.3. 介詞短語作狀語在句首，句子要完全倒裝。注意，這時句子的謂語動詞通常是不及物動詞。如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4.表語置于句首，且主語較長或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子要用全部倒裝。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.5

3、.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所說的情況也適合于后者，其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“so/ neither/ nor+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞”，這里的主語同前一個句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother.She hasnt gone there, neither/ nor has he.二、部分倒裝（助動詞倒裝）是指把謂語的一部分（助動詞）提到主語的前面。 例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.1.用于疑問句中。如：How did you do that?

4、 Did you see the film yesterday?2. if 從句中如有 were ( had , should ) , if 省去后，要部分倒裝,把were，had，should提到主語前面。如：If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.-Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.3.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，要部分倒裝（表語、狀語倒裝）。有以下幾種形式：1） 副詞置于句首。如：Much as I like it (=Although I like it very

5、much), I will not buy it.2） 動詞置于句首。如：Wait as you may (= Although you may wait), he will not see you.3） 形容詞或名詞置于句首。如：Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.注意：如果名詞前有形容詞修飾時，as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中要保留不

6、定冠詞。如：A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.4.句首為否定詞或否定意義的詞語時，句子要部分倒裝。( not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly ( scarcely ) , no sooner, not once, at no time,. )Little do we know about him.No sooner had he closed his eyes than he f

7、ell asleep.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.Not until he came back did I know about it.5.only 在句首引導(dǎo)狀語，或not until 引導(dǎo)的狀語在句首，主句要部分倒裝。如：Only then did I realize the important of English. / Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions.但若only修飾的是句子的其它成分，則無需倒裝。如：Only socialism can

8、 save China. (only修飾句子的主語，仍用正常語序)6.not only . but also . 引導(dǎo)兩個并列句，前倒后不倒。如：Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)Many a time has John given me good advice. / Often have we made th

9、at test.8. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!9. so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.sothat結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。有時要強調(diào)so 所修飾的形容詞或副詞，常將so連同它所修飾的形容詞或副詞一起提到句首。這時，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.-So fast does he run that he is far ahead of o

10、thers.He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.-So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.(全部倒裝)10.狀語位于句首表示強調(diào)或使句子平衡，或使上下文緊密銜接，句子要部分倒裝。倒裝句的用法1 . 在以 here , there , in , out , up , down , away , back , now , then 等副詞開頭的句子里，如果主語是名詞，常用全

11、部倒裝。 Out rushed the boys . /Then followed three days of heavy rain . 若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes . / Here it is . 2 . 當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點的介詞詞組時，也常常引起全部倒裝。 South of the city lies a big steel factory . 3 . 以帶有否定意義而且修飾全句的詞開頭的句子，要用“部分倒裝”語序 ( 倒裝的方法跟變一般疑問句的方法相似 ) 。這類常見詞有 never , hardly , seldom , not , not

12、only , not until ( 引導(dǎo)從句時，主句“部分倒裝” ) ，little , rarely , no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when。 例:Never shall I do this again . 其中 no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when 表示“一就”的意思。no sooner , hardly , scarcely 引出的主句要用“部分倒裝”形式的過去完成時，than , when 引出的從句用過去時

13、。 No sooner had I got home than it began to rain . 如果帶有否定意義的詞不是修飾全句，只是修飾主語，那么句子的主謂不必倒裝。 Scarcely a sound came from among the crowd . 4 . so 修飾形容詞或副詞，only 修飾副詞或狀語放在句首時“部分倒裝”。 So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment . /Only in this way can you master Engl

14、ish . 如果 only 修飾主語，句子則不倒裝。 例如:Only Wang Lin knows this . 5. neither , nor 或 no more 放在句首，作“也不”講時，所引導(dǎo)的句子部分倒裝。He can t answer the question . Neither can I . 6.為了保持句子平衡或為了強調(diào)表語或狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接時，需倒裝。 Gone are the days when we used foreign oil . 7.由 as , though ( although ) 引導(dǎo)的表示“雖然”，“盡管”的讓步狀語從句，用倒裝語序，即把從句中的

15、表語或狀語等放在 as 的前面。1._can you expect to get a pay rise.（2001北京春季卷）A. With hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hard 2.I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.（2004重慶卷）A. I realizedB. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I r

16、ealize3.-I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. -_. (2004全國卷)A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. same with me D. So do I4. _snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海卷）A.Not only they brought B. Not only did

17、 they bring C. Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring5_about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(2005江蘇卷)A.So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious6. David has made grea

18、t progress recently. _,and _. (2005上海卷)A.So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have7.Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else_such a beautiful palace.（2004年遼寧卷）Acan you find Byou could find Cyou can find Dcould you find8._, Caro

19、lina couldnt get the door open. (05廣東卷) A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try9.Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （2005上海卷）A. has this city been B. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was10._, he talks a lo

20、t about his favorite singers after class. （05重慶卷）A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student11.In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005遼寧卷）Astand many lakesBlie many lakes Cmany lake

21、s lieDmany lakes stand(key:CDBBB BAAAB B)1.only所修飾的狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)位于句首時,謂語動詞要部分倒裝。（1、2題）2.含有否定意義的副詞(not until, never, hardly, seldom, little, not,neither, nor, scarcely等)位于句首時,謂語動詞要部分倒裝。（7、9）3. Not only放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。（4題）4.so位于句首,表示前面的內(nèi)容也適用于另一人或物時;neither,nor位于句首表示另一人或物也不這樣時,謂語動詞要用部分倒裝。(3,6)5. so.

22、 that.結(jié)構(gòu)中表示程度的副詞so位于句首時要用部分倒裝。（5題）6.為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,或為了強調(diào)狀語或表語,或使上下文緊密銜接時,謂語動詞要全部倒裝。（11題）7.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,從句中表語、謂語要倒裝,注意:如果從句的表語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),且該名詞前又沒有形容詞修飾時,其名詞前不加冠詞.（8、10題）倒裝句分為全部倒裝（將整個謂語置于主語之前）和部分倒裝（把謂語的一部分，如be，have，助動詞、情態(tài)動詞等置于主語之前）?，F(xiàn)將倒裝句的重點、難點作一歸納，以利同學(xué)們真正掌握這一語法項目，了解其相關(guān)的高考動態(tài)。一、使用全部倒裝的情況1.在there be/lie/stand/liv

23、e/seem/appear/exist/come/go/seem句型中。There will be a sports meet in our school next week.下周我們學(xué)校要舉行運動會。There goes the ambulance.救護車來了。2.表示地點、方向、時間的副詞（here, out, in,up, down, back off, away, now, then等）位于句首時。謂語動詞多為表示運動的不及物動詞（go, come, leave, move, run, rush, ny, jump等）。如：Here is a telegram for you.這兒有你

24、一封電報。Down jumpedthe man from the horse.那人從馬上跳下來。在上述情況中，主語是代詞時，則不用倒裝。如：There he comes!他來了！Here you are.給你。In he came and the meeting began.他進來，會議就開始了。3.表示地點的介詞短語位于句首時。如：Between the two buildings stands a tall pine.兩座樓之間有棵大松樹。Along the dusty road came a great many tourists.沿著塵土飛揚的道路來了許多游客。4.為了保持句子平衡、銜

25、接得當(dāng)或強調(diào)表語或狀語，而把分詞短語或形容詞置于句首時。如：Sitting at the back ofthe room was a shy girl with two big eyes.一個長著兩只大眼睛的靦腆女孩坐在屋子的后面。Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.黑板上寫著昨天遲到者的名單。The Most popular are young singers.最受歡迎的是青年歌手。5.直接引語的部分或全部位于句首時，點明說話人的部分主謂語要倒裝。如：Are you listenin

26、g to English on the radio? said Mother.但，引述動詞后有間接賓語或狀語時，不倒裝。如：Light travels faster than sound, David said toher.“光比聲傳播得快，”大衛(wèi)對她說。How dare you say so? Mr Smith said angrily.“你怎么敢這么說？”史密斯氣憤地說。6.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如：Long live our great country!偉大的祖國萬歲！二、使用部分倒裝的情況1.only修飾的狀語（副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句）位于句首時。如：Only after thre

27、e operations was he able to walk without sticks.做過三次手術(shù)之后，他才能不用拐杖行走。Only with more practice can you pass the driving test.只有多練習(xí)你才能通過駕駛考試。但only修飾主語時，則不倒裝。如：Only that girl knew how to work out the problem.只有那位女生知道怎樣解那道題。2.含有否定意義的副詞（never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere等）位于句首時。如：Seldom in all my life

28、 have l met such a brave man.我一生很少見過這么勇敢的人。Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.雖然她處于極大的危險之中，但她根本不顧自己的安全。3.not until位于句首時。如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19世紀(jì)初，人們才知道熱是何物。在復(fù)合句中，只有主句用倒裝，until引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。如：Not until he

29、loses his health will he give up drinking.他直到失去健康才會戒酒。4.在no sooner.than., hardly/scarccly/barely.when.結(jié)構(gòu)中，前面部分位于句首時，其后的分句要部分倒裝（謂語用過去完成時）。如：Hardly had the baby seenthe dogwhen she cried.那女嬰一看到狗就哭了起來。NO sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to another country.那位翻譯剛踏進國門就又受命要去他國。5.not only.(but also).位于句首引導(dǎo)兩個分句時，前一個分句中的主謂要采用部分倒裝，第二個分句則不倒裝。如：Not only does he teach in school, but hewrites novels.他不但在學(xué)校教書，而且還寫小說。Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.她不但說得正確，而且說得流利。6.so/neither/nor開頭的句子，說明前面的內(nèi)容也適用于后者時，用倒裝句“so/neither/nor+be/have/助動詞