Unit 2Sports events語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)二

1、Unit 2 Sports events語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)（二）目標(biāo)認(rèn)知重點(diǎn)詞匯host, consider, convenient, pretty, otherwise, protect, joke, beat, association, origin, requirementmeet, remove, add, apply, approve, balance, count, meanwhile重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)plenty of, get dressed, be of+抽象名詞, in order, keep.under control, make way for, 重點(diǎn)句型省略句should not have

2、 done主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)知識(shí)講解重點(diǎn)詞匯host【原句回放】When choosing a city to host the Olympics，there are certain things we need to consider當(dāng)選擇一個(gè)城市來(lái)舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)時(shí)，有很多東西我們需要考慮。【點(diǎn)撥】host vt. 主辦 n.東道主；主人；主持人常用結(jié)構(gòu)be hosted by.由主辦Our host brought in some more wine主人又拿了一些酒進(jìn)來(lái)。The academic conference was hosted by our university我們大學(xué)充當(dāng)這次學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議的東

3、道主。歸納拓展英語(yǔ)中有一部分詞有陰陽(yáng)性之分，如host意為“主人”，而hostess為“女主人”。請(qǐng)注意以下單詞對(duì)應(yīng)的陰性的表達(dá)。god神goddess女神 emperor皇帝empress女皇帝prince王子princess公主 waiter服務(wù)員waitress女服務(wù)員actor演員actress女演員 hero英雄heroine女英雄consider【原句回放】When choosing a city to host the Olympics，there are certain things we need to consider當(dāng)選擇一個(gè)城市來(lái)舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)時(shí)，有很多東西我們需要考慮?！?/p>

4、點(diǎn)撥】consider vt. 考慮后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或從句作賓語(yǔ)，不可接不定式。We are considering going to America for the summer holiday. 我們正考慮去美國(guó)度暑假。Have you considered how to get there? 你是否考慮過(guò)如何到那里?歸納拓展consider還有“看作，認(rèn)為”之意，常用于consider.(to be) + n.adj. 結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“認(rèn)為是”。I consider him to be my best friend我把他看作我最好的朋友。Considering Tom to be fit

5、for the office，the boss considered taking him on. 認(rèn)為湯姆稱(chēng)職，老板決定雇用他。convenient【原句回放】Public transport ought to be convenient公共交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該很方便?！军c(diǎn)撥】convenient adj. 方便的，便利的，合適的歸納拓展convenience n. 方便，便利 for convenience為了方便起見(jiàn)at ones convenience在某人方便的時(shí)候溫馨提示convenient不能以人作主語(yǔ)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)it is convenient forto sb to do sth“

6、對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事方便”This dishwasher is very convenient這臺(tái)洗碗機(jī)非常方便。Is it convenient tofor you if I come at 6 p. m.?如果我下午六點(diǎn)來(lái)，(對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō))方便嗎?Please come at your convenience請(qǐng)?jiān)谀惴奖愕臅r(shí)候前來(lái)。pretty【原句回放】Im pretty sure you can swim very well我很確信你能夠游泳游得很好?！军c(diǎn)撥】pretty adv. 相當(dāng)，頗My TV is getting pretty old now我的電視機(jī)已經(jīng)相當(dāng)舊了。I can see

7、theyve made a pretty good job of it我看得出來(lái)他們把這件事做得很好。溫馨提示pretty adj. 秀麗的，迷人的He has a very pretty wife他有一個(gè)非常標(biāo)致的妻子。Its one of the prettiest villages on the south coast這是南部海岸最迷人的村莊之一。otherwise【原句回放】Otherwise, you may hurt yourself否則，你可能傷了自己?！军c(diǎn)撥】otherwise adv.adj. 否則；另外的Im not feeling very well todayother

8、wise I would do it myself今天我身體不太舒服否則這事我就親自去做了。Well go early，otherwise we may not get a seat我們得早一點(diǎn)去，不然我們可能就沒(méi)有座位了。protect【原句回放】To protect yourself from possible dangers，you mustnt drink before swimming為了防止遭遇可能的危險(xiǎn)，在游泳前禁止喝酒?！军c(diǎn)撥】protect v. 保護(hù)，防衛(wèi)常用結(jié)構(gòu)protect sb.sth. from + n.doing保護(hù)不受protect.against.防御，反對(duì)以

9、保護(hù)He raised his hand to protect his child from hurt他伸出手去，保護(hù)他的孩子免受傷害。Vitamin D also may protect against heart disease維生素D還有預(yù)防心疾病的功效。歸納拓展protective adj. 保護(hù)的 protection n. 保護(hù)；保護(hù)物，保護(hù)者under the protection of.在的保護(hù)下易混辨析protect.from，prevent.from，stop.from與keep.fromprotect.from是“保護(hù)以免受到傷害”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)；其余三者都表示“阻止做

10、某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“阻止”，其中prevent.from和stop.from中的from可以省略，但是在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中都不能省略from。Protect your eyes from the sun保護(hù)你的眼睛不受陽(yáng)光傷害。What preventedstoppedkept you from joining us last night?昨天晚上什么事使你不能參加我們的晚會(huì)?joke【原句回放】Are you joking? 你在開(kāi)玩笑嗎?【點(diǎn)撥】joke v. & n. 笑話(huà)；開(kāi)玩笑Sorry，I was only having a little joke with you對(duì)不起，我只不過(guò)想和你開(kāi)個(gè)小玩

11、笑。She was laughing and joking with the children她同孩子們一起嘻嘻哈哈地說(shuō)笑話(huà)。歸納拓展make a joke開(kāi)玩笑 play a joke on sb.戲弄某人have a joke with sb.同某人開(kāi)玩笑tell a joke講笑話(huà) get the joke理解其中的可笑之處beat【原句回放】No one in our school can beat you我們學(xué)校沒(méi)人能打敗你?！军c(diǎn)撥】beat vt. & vi. 打敗，擊??；心臟的跳動(dòng)；打，敲打Her heart beat faster with panic她因恐懼而心跳加快。She

12、 beat her fists against the wood她用雙拳捶木頭。She beat him easily at chess下象棋時(shí)，她輕而易舉地贏了他。溫馨提示beat還可以作為名詞，有“敲打聲，拍子”的意思。Rock roll has a strong beat搖滾樂(lè)的節(jié)拍強(qiáng)烈。歸納拓展beat about搜索 beat down打倒 beat off擊退，打退beat over調(diào)查；追究易混辨析beat，strike，hit與knock易混詞辨析例句beat作“敲打”之意時(shí)，通常指有規(guī)律地，有節(jié)奏地拍打，如心跳、擊鼓、鳥(niǎo)拍打翅膀等。The rain beat against

13、the windows雨水拍打在窗戶(hù)上。strike通常側(cè)重用木棒、石頭等的打，還可表示鐘的敲響；點(diǎn)燃火柴等。Strike while the iron is hot趁熱打鐵。hit側(cè)重“擊中”目標(biāo)。He hit the tennis ball over the net他把網(wǎng)球打過(guò)了網(wǎng)。knock側(cè)重“敲門(mén)、窗，撞擊”。Dont knock at the door不要敲門(mén)了。beat，win和defeat易混詞辨析例句beatbeat與defeat表示擊敗對(duì)手，賓語(yǔ)往往是人或隊(duì)，beat則指打敗或戰(zhàn)勝“對(duì)手”。beat their team戰(zhàn)勝他們隊(duì)defeatdefeat多指擊敗“敵軍”和“

14、入侵者”。defeat the enemy打敗敵人winwin多指贏得“比賽”、“辯論”和“戰(zhàn)斗”等。win the game贏得比賽association【原句回放】Read these leaflets from the Sports Association，and compare them with hisher daily routine閱讀來(lái)自體育協(xié)會(huì)的傳單，同他的她的日常生活相比較?！军c(diǎn)撥】association n. 協(xié)會(huì)，社團(tuán)；關(guān)聯(lián)He has no association with foreigners他不和外國(guó)人結(jié)交。This event was organized in

15、association with the Sports Council. 這件賽事是和體育俱樂(lè)部合作舉辦的。I benefited much from my association with him我和他結(jié)交受益匪淺。歸納拓展associated adj. 關(guān)聯(lián)的，聯(lián)合的 associate v. 聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系in association with與合作have no association with和結(jié)交associate sb.sth. with sb.sth.某人事與某人事相聯(lián)系be associated with taking drugs和吸毒有關(guān)origin【原句回放】The exac

16、t origin of table tennis is not known乒乓球的精確起源還不明確?！军c(diǎn)撥】origin n起源，由來(lái)The origin of the universe is an ageless topic宇宙起源問(wèn)題是個(gè)永恒的主題。Many of the problems had their origins in post-war Europe許多問(wèn)題起因于戰(zhàn)后的歐洲。溫馨提示origin還有“出身，血統(tǒng)”的意思。His mother is French by origin他的母親原籍法國(guó)。歸納拓展original adj. 起初的，原來(lái)的 originally adv.

17、 最初，原先origin of.的起源 have ones origin in.起源于requirement【原句回放】There are many requirements that must be met before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee(IOC)必須在滿(mǎn)足很多條件后，一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目才會(huì)被國(guó)際奧運(yùn)會(huì)考慮接受?！军c(diǎn)撥】requirement n. 要求If you have any requirements，please ask me如果你有什么要求，請(qǐng)向我提出來(lái)。Your requi

18、rements are not difficult to meet你的要求不難滿(mǎn)足。歸納拓展require vt. 需要；要求require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事sb. be required to do sth.某人被要求做某事require that.(should) + do sth.要求(應(yīng)該)做某事I require two children to help me我需要兩個(gè)孩子來(lái)幫我的忙。All passengers are required to show their tickets所有乘客都必須出示車(chē)票。The police required the tra

19、veler(should) unlock his suitcase警察要求這位旅客將他的手提箱打開(kāi)。meet【原句回放】There are many requirements that must be met before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee(IOC)必須在滿(mǎn)足很多條件后，一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目才會(huì)被國(guó)際奧運(yùn)會(huì)考慮接受?！军c(diǎn)撥】meet vt. 滿(mǎn)足(需要)，達(dá)到(要求)等Does the hotel meet your requirements? 這家旅館符合你的要求嗎?I hope I ca

20、n meet your wishes希望我能滿(mǎn)足你的愿望。溫馨提示meet還有“見(jiàn)面；交匯；遇見(jiàn)”等意思。I met my teacher in the street today我今天在街上遇見(jiàn)了我的老師。The two roads meet just north of the city兩條馬路在城市的北面匯合。常用結(jié)構(gòu)meet with偶遇;碰到I met with a friend in the train yesterday昨天我在火車(chē)上遇到一位朋友。remove【原句回放】Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past ha

21、ve been removed奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)中過(guò)去的部分項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)被取消?！军c(diǎn)撥】remove vt. 去除，移開(kāi)；開(kāi)除；免除，解除(職務(wù))Will you please remove your handbag from the seat? 您把您的手提包從座位上拿開(kāi)好嗎?How can you remove trouble quickly? 怎樣可以快速消除煩惱?The player was removed from the team那個(gè)球員被球隊(duì)開(kāi)除了。易混辨析remove與moveremove是“取消，去掉”的意思，去掉的方式不限；move是移動(dòng)某人/物的位置或改變某人物的姿勢(shì)，既可作及物

22、動(dòng)詞也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。add【原句回放】Some sports have been added, such as tae kwon do，which was first included in the Olympics in 2019有些運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目得以增補(bǔ)進(jìn)入奧運(yùn)會(huì)，比如跆拳道是在2019年首次被列為奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目?！军c(diǎn)撥】add v. 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)；補(bǔ)充，添加Please add these figures up請(qǐng)將這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)。Her illness added to the familys troubles她的病給家人添了麻煩。歸納拓展add.to.加，增加 add to增加，增添add up to

23、總共，總計(jì)達(dá)；意味著add + that從句 補(bǔ)充說(shuō) addition n. 相加，增加物in addition另外，加之 in addition to此外，除之外apply【原句回放】Wushu is still applying to get into the Olympics武術(shù)正在申請(qǐng)加入奧運(yùn)會(huì)。【點(diǎn)撥】apply vt. & vi. 申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求常用結(jié)構(gòu)apply to do申請(qǐng)做 apply to sb.向某人提出申請(qǐng)apply(to sb.)for sth.(向某人)申請(qǐng)某事apply to sth.適用于運(yùn)用于某事apply.to.把應(yīng)用于I applied to four un

24、iversities and was accepted by all of them我申請(qǐng)了四所大學(xué)，全都錄取我了。I want to apply for the job我想申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作。The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings勤儉節(jié)約的原則適用于一切事業(yè)。The rules of safe driving apply to everyone安全駕駛規(guī)則適用于每個(gè)人。You cant apply this rule to every case這個(gè)規(guī)則并不能適用于所有的情況。approve【原句回放】

25、The IOC has still not approved the sport due to the concern about the balance of sportsthere are already many other sports in the Olympics that are connected with fighting，such as tae kwon do and boxing國(guó)際奧委會(huì)目前還沒(méi)有批準(zhǔn)該項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)榭紤]到比賽項(xiàng)目的平衡在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中早已經(jīng)有很多其他的與搏斗相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目了，如跆拳道和拳擊?！军c(diǎn)撥】approve vt&vi批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)；贊成The mayor app

26、roved the new building plans市長(zhǎng)批準(zhǔn)了新的建筑計(jì)劃。I dont approve of wasting time我不贊成浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。My classmates dont approve of the plan我的同學(xué)不贊同這個(gè)計(jì)劃。溫馨提示approve當(dāng)不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)多與of連用。balance【原句回放】The IOC has still not approved the sport due to the concern about the balance of sportsthere are already many other sports in the Oly

27、mpics that are connected with fighting，such as tae kwon do and boxing國(guó)際奧委會(huì)目前還沒(méi)有批準(zhǔn)該項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)榭紤]到比賽項(xiàng)目的平衡在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中早已經(jīng)有很多其他的與搏斗相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目了，如跆拳道和拳擊。【點(diǎn)撥】balance n. 平衡；天平，秤We should keep the balance of nature我們應(yīng)該保持自然平衡。The chemical must be weighted on the balance before the experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)前化學(xué)藥品要在天平上稱(chēng)一下。歸納拓展maintain a balan

28、ce維持平衡keep ones balance保持平衡lose ones balance失去平衡on balance總的來(lái)說(shuō)off balance失衡count【原句回放】Of course，the goal should not have counted當(dāng)然，那個(gè)進(jìn)球本該不算數(shù)的?！军c(diǎn)撥】count vi. & vt. 算數(shù)，有效；有價(jià)值His opinion doesnt count他的意見(jiàn)并不算數(shù)。From now on，you could count on us從今以后，你們可以信賴(lài)我們。歸納拓展count onupon doing sth.期望做count on sb. to do

29、sth.依靠指望某人做某事count up共計(jì)meanwhile【原句回放】Meanwhile，the Kangaroos went home and trained harder than before同時(shí)，袋鼠隊(duì)回去，訓(xùn)練得比以前更加辛苦?！军c(diǎn)撥】meanwhile adv與此同時(shí)，在此期間Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile Pat was watching TV簡(jiǎn)在寫(xiě)信，而與此同時(shí)帕特在看電視。The flight will be announced soonMeanwhile，please remain seated航班很快就要到達(dá)。在此之前

30、請(qǐng)繼續(xù)坐在座位上。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)plenty of【原句回放】The chosen city must also have plenty of good hotels and must have an international airport nearby被選城市必須有許多好旅館，附近必須有一個(gè)國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)。【點(diǎn)撥】plenty of充足，大量They gave us plenty of help in our English study在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上，他們給了我們很多幫助。There are plenty of eggs有大量的雞蛋。溫馨提示plenty of修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式

31、必須與其修飾的名詞一致。歸納拓展英語(yǔ)中，有很多表示數(shù)量的單詞和短語(yǔ)，其用法歸納如下：只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的有：many，many a，a goodgreat many，a(goodlarge) umber of，quite a few，scores of，dozens of，few，a few等。只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：much，little，a little，a large amount of，a goodgreat deal of，a large sum of等。既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a(large) quantity

32、 of，(large) quantities of等。get dressed【原句回放】That sounds like a great idea，but Ill have to take a shower and get dressedI cant go out wearing only a vest and underwear這聽(tīng)起來(lái)似乎是個(gè)好主意，但是我將不得不洗澡穿好衣服我不能只穿著背心和內(nèi)衣就出去?！军c(diǎn)撥】get dressed穿好衣服Maria can help her baby sister get dressed 瑪利亞能幫助她幼小的妹妹穿衣服。歸納拓展 “get+過(guò)去分詞”表

33、示使自己處于某種狀態(tài)和情況；也可以表示被動(dòng)意義。get married結(jié)婚 get paid得以付錢(qián) get excited興奮get drunk喝醉酒 get burnt被燒傷 get broken破碎get separated分離 get injured受傷 get lost迷路be of+抽象名詞”【原句回放】I hope this information will be of use to you我希望這條信息對(duì)你有用。【點(diǎn)撥】be of use是“be of+抽象名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于“be+形容詞”的用法。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常用于較正式的場(chǎng)合，書(shū)面語(yǔ)中尤為常見(jiàn)?？捎糜诖私Y(jié)構(gòu)的抽象名詞有impo

34、rtance，value，use，help，interest等。His advice is of great help(=His advice is very helpful.)他的建議很有幫助。The book is of much interest(=The book is very interesting)這本書(shū)很有趣。溫馨提示 “be of+抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式一般采用否定名詞的方法，即“be of no+名詞”。As far as the study of English was concerned，what he said was of no use就英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)而言，他所講的并沒(méi)

35、有多少用處。歸納拓展 “be of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)還可以表達(dá)“具有，具備；屬于；包含；類(lèi)別；年齡；出身”等意義。The products are of first-rate quality這些產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量是一流的。We are of the same age我們年齡相同。in order【原句回放】In order for a new sport to be added，another sport must be dropped要增添一個(gè)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，就必須淘汰一個(gè)當(dāng)前的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目?！军c(diǎn)撥】短語(yǔ)in order后接動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，a new sport是不定式to be added的邏輯主語(yǔ)。Cl

36、early，in order for things to be done in time，it is necessary to act quickly很明顯，為了按時(shí)把事情完成，有必要迅速行動(dòng)起來(lái)。keep.under control【原句回放】This helps ensure the ICO can keep the Olympics under control這樣的幫助確保國(guó)際奧委會(huì)能控制奧運(yùn)會(huì)有序進(jìn)行?！军c(diǎn)撥】keep.under control控制；支配；管轄All schools are under the control of the Ministry of Education所

37、有學(xué)校統(tǒng)歸教育部管轄。歸納拓展beyond control無(wú)法控制intake control of.控制管理out of control失去控制lose control of.對(duì)失去控制under(in) the control of.受控制make way for【原句回放】These sports were judged to have become less popular and had to make way for new sports which are more popular這些運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目被認(rèn)為受喜愛(ài)的程度降低了，從而不得不讓位于新的，更受歡迎的項(xiàng)目。【點(diǎn)撥】make way

38、 for給讓路，把職位讓給Feeling too old and tired to run the factory，Mr. Smith had to make way for his son由于感到年高體邁，史密斯先生不得不讓位給他兒子經(jīng)營(yíng)這個(gè)工廠。To make way for the development of highway，we had to move away from the place where we have lived for generations為了給高速公路讓路，我們不得搬離祖祖輩輩居住過(guò)的地方。歸納拓展by the way順便說(shuō)一句 in this way用這種方法in the way擋路 all the way一路上，自始至終by way of取道，經(jīng)由 across the way路對(duì)面get out of ones way讓路 feel ones way摸索前進(jìn)give way to讓步，屈