廣東省深圳市2018年中考英語試題(word詳細解析版)

1、深圳市2018年初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試英語試卷第一部分選擇題（60分）I.詞匯測試（15分）1. 從下面每小題的 A、B、C三個選項中選出可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將相應的字母編號涂黑。（共 8小題，每小題1分）（）1. - More than 400 street gardens will be built in Shenzhen next year. Good news! Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.A. OverB. AroundC. Nearly【解析】Aover,意為“太，過于"；B選項around意為

2、"大約"；C選項nearly意為“幾乎，差不 多"?！究键c】同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換Amore than短語意思近義詞/短語more超出、多于overThan()2.- Tim, you spend too much time on computers. It ' s harmful to your eyes.I see. Thank you. I'll do more sports instead.A. is good for B. is bad for C. is useful to【解析】BA選項，be good for 意為"對有好處”；B選項

3、be bad for 意為“對什么有壞處”；C選 項be useful to 意為"對有用"。短語意思近義詞/短語be harmful to.后害be bad for【考點】同義短語轉(zhuǎn)換( )3. - Hi, John! Would you like to go hiking with me tomorrow? Sounds great! It s a good way to keep fit.A. livelyB. activeC. healthy【解析】CA選項，lively 意為"活潑的，令人興奮的"；B選項active意為"活躍的&qu

4、ot;；C選項healthy意為“健康的”?！究键c】同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換fitThey keep fit by doing sports,( adj. 健康的)=healthy( )4.- Mr. Li, I feel a little nervous before the coming exam. You'd better take a break from studies and relax yourself.A. restB. breathC. walk【解析】AA選項，rest意為"休息”；B選項breath意為"呼吸"；C選項walk意為"散步【

5、考點】 同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換breakSo they took a break, (n. 休息 )=rest( )5. -1 dream to be a great dancer when I grow up. That s great. But it requires confidence and a lot of practice.A. getsB. hasC. needs【解析】CA選項，get意為"獲得"；B選項has意為"有"；C選項need意為“需要”?！究键c】同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換require2She is requested to hand in her h

6、omework today, (v.要求 )=require/need( )6. - Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the Concert Hall?Sure. Go down the street, and you ll find it dose to the Book City.A. behindB. oppositeC. near【解析】CA選項，behind意為"在 后面"；B選項opposite意為"在對面"；C選項near意為 “在 . 附近”。同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換close toc

7、lose to / near / beside 靠近、在旁()7. - Tony, have you got any plan for the summer vacation?Not yet. Perhaps I ' ll go back to my hometown with my family.A. MaybeB. ActuallyC. Generally【解析】AA選項，maybe意為"也許，大概“；B選項actually 意為"實際上”；C選項generally 意為“普遍地，廣泛地【考點】同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換單詞詞性及意思近義詞/短語perhapsadv.可能pro

8、bably; possibly;maybe()8.- Our English club will put on a famous play during the school art week.Really? I can ' t wait to watch it.A. work onB. act outC. make up【解析】BA選項，work on意為".起作用，企圖 影響，說服"；B選項act out意為"表演”；C選項make up意為"化妝”?！究键c】同義短語轉(zhuǎn)換put onThe band is hoping to put on a

9、 show.( 上；寅)（上演、演出來）Let' s act out the story of the three bears once more.ii.根據(jù)句子意思，從下面每小題的 A B、C三個選項中選出最怡當?shù)脑~語完成句子，并在答題卡上將相應的字母編號涂黑。（共7小題，每小題1分） ()9. - Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.That' s good . Reading makes a full man.A. dreamB. wishC. habitA選項，dream意為"

10、;夢想"B選項wish意為愿望”；C選項habit意為？?習慣”。habit單詞詞性及意思近義詞/短語habitn.習慣/【考點】詞義辨析()10. - Do you still remember our primary school teacher, Mrs. Liu?Yes, she always encouraged us and gave us supportwe metdifficulties.A. whenever B. whatever C. however根據(jù)句意A選項，whenever意為"每當，無論何時”，她總會鼓勵我們并給子我們支持；B選項whatev

11、er意為死論什么”；C選項however意為無論怎樣”?！究键c】詞義辨析Whenever【解析】A賓語從句引導詞： whatever （無論是什么） ；whenever （無論何時）；wherever （無 論在 哪）；whoever （無論是誰）： however （無論怎樣）(> 11. I' m looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup. Me too. I hope the German team will be the.It ' s my favorite.A. playerB. winnerC. lo

12、ser【解析】B根據(jù)句意B選項，winner意為“勝者”，語境分析得知德國隊是“我”的最愛；A選項player意為"運動員"；C選項loser意為？'失敗者"?！究键c】詞義辨析6動詞一名詞轉(zhuǎn)換表V.n.winwinner ( 嬴家)12. - The piano lessons are too hard for me. I nearly give up.Please be more . I believe you ll make it.a. carefulB. helpfulC. patient【解析】C根據(jù)句意C選項，patient意為"有耐心

13、的"，語境分析得知對方在鼓勵鋼琴恐懼癥的朋友,要有耐心不泄氣就一定會成功的； A選項careful意為“細心的；B選項helpful意為“有 幫 助的”?！究键c】詞義辨析patient（adj.耐心的She is always patient with the patients, （）13. Have you heard about Shenzhen International Magic Festival?! It's a big event for magic lovers like me.a. WellB. Certainly C. Exactly【解析】B根據(jù)句意B選

14、項，certainly 意為"無疑，確定地”，語境分析得知對方肯定知道深圳有魔術節(jié)，因為他就是魔術迷；A選項well意為“好；好吧（口語）" ；C選項exactly意為 “精確地，準確地”?！究键c】詞義辨析certain形容詞一副詞轉(zhuǎn)換表adj.adv.certaincertainly（adv.確切地）（）14 .- Jack usuallyto help at the underground station on weekends.-Cool! Let's join him next Saturday.a. offersB. refusesC. forgets【解

15、析】A根據(jù)句意A選項，offer意為"主動提出，自動給予"，語境分析得知Jack志愿地鐵義工， 對方很熱心地表示想?yún)⑴c 進來；B選項refuse意為"拒絕"；C選項forget意為"忘記"?！究键c】詞義辨析offerShe offers to teach the interviewer Chinese, （v.自愿）； offer to do （自愿去做）（）15. - 一 Have you noticed that Anna's great progress in spoken English?一 Yes. She sets

16、 us a good example. Hard work always. 'A. makes a deal B. makes a difference C. makes a problem【解析】B根據(jù)句意B選項，make a difference 意為"有影響，有關系”，語境分析得知 Anna的口 語水平提高了很多，歸功于她的勤奮；A選項make a deal意為“成交，達成交易”； C選項 make a problem 意為“有問題 " ?！究键c】短語辨析make a differencePeacekeepers are too few in number t

17、o make a difference.（有影響）II. 完形填空（15 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的 A、B、C三個選項中選出能填入相應空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將相應的字母編號涂黑。（共10 小題，每小題1.5 分）When I was young, I went to a boarding （寄宿）school in Edinburgh. It was farfromhome because I _16 on an island in the north of Scotland.It was a music school, and I studied the violin. At

18、 the end of the term, we all packedour bags and our _17 to go home for our holidays. Most kids went by train or bus.Some were_ 18 by their parents. But I had to go home by ferry14 hoursovernight on the open sea.One summer, after packing my suitcase and violin, I said 19to my friends.Itook the train

19、to the ferry terminal （渡船碼頭）and then got on the ferry. But whenthe ferrystarted moving, I realized a （ n）20 thing! I left my violin on the train!Oh no! What should I do? What would my dad say? He d be really 21! I gotsoscared （害怕） that I didn t sleep all night.The next morning, I 22 the ferry to mee

20、t my dad. After I told him everything, helaughed. I looked at him couldn t believe it.23 was he laughing?I always had a label（標簽）in my violin case with my address and a telephonenumber. My dad told me,“ A cleaner found your violin on the train and took it tothe police. They25 , my violin was_24_ me

21、and put it on a plane. It arrived an hour ago. safe.I was so happy!B. instructionsC. instrumentsB. cared forCwokenB. sorryCgoodbyB. awfulCeuccesB. helpfulCangryB. got onCgot upB. WhyCWhenB. caughtCheardB. LuckilyCSadlyC. worked()16. A. livedB. played()17. A. introductions()18. A. picked up()19. A. h

22、ello()20. A.()21. A. happy()22. A. got off()23. A. What()24. A. called()25. A. Suddenly16. A【解析】結合上下文語境，句意為：這所學校里我家很遠，因為我家住在蘇格蘭北部 的一座小島上，故選A。17. C【解析】 此題考查名詞 詞意，introduction n.介紹,instruction n.描導，instrument n.樂器。 根據(jù)句意：在學期末，大家都打包好行李和自己的樂器回家，故選 G18. A【解析】 此題考查詞組意思，pick up開車接某人；care for 關心，照顧；wake up醒了

23、， 驚醒。根據(jù)句意：我的同學們一般 都會坐火車或是有父母開車來接，故選Ao19. C【解析】結合上下文 語境，某一年暑假，在和同學們告 別后，我登上了回家 的船，故選G20. B【解析】結合上下文 語境，我意識到一個非常可怕的事情，我把我的小提琴落在了火車上，故選B1021. C【解析】結合上下文 語境，我爸爸一定會特別生氣，故選 C22. A【解析】 此題考查詞組 意思，get off 從下來；get on上車；get up起床，起立。結合上下文語境，我下了船，見到我爸爸。故選Ao23. B【解析】根據(jù)上下文語境，他為什么笑；如果選 what, laughing 后要加at,故只能選B。24

24、. A【解析】根據(jù)上下文 語境，警察給我爸 爸打了電話，故選Ao25. B【解析】根據(jù)通篇的意思，幸運的是， 我的小提琴是安全的，故選B。iii. 閱讀理解（30分）閱讀下面短文，從下面每小題的A、B、C D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡將相應的字母編號涂黑。（共 20小題，每小題1.5分）題型解析教材題難度2018深圳考點型參考比中1.獲取文章的具體信息細節(jié)55% ?簡單題60%瞌翻船髀信息65%型3.找出文中表小時間 順序，空主旨10% ?20%難題10%理解歸納文章的主旨 要義、為推理10% ?20%較難題 型20%理解作者的觀點、意圖 和態(tài)度尹1JIW 猜詞10% ?20%較難題

25、型10%根據(jù)上卜文和構詞法 推斷、理近五年閱讀考點分布題型2013 年2014 年2015 年2016 年2017 年2018 年細節(jié)16171214912詞匯111212推測435264主旨442242總計252520202020AWhen you go on a vacation, the hotel you choose and the room you stay in areimportant. There are many cool theme （主題） hotel rooms around the world. Here are some of them.The Harry Pot

26、ter RoomThe George Castle Hotel in England gives its guests the experience of staying in Harry Potter ' s world.This 19 th -century castle hotel is beside Harry Potter tour bus stop. The bus will take you to the Making of Harry Potter studio tour.An ice theme can be found at Hotel de Glace in Ca

27、nada. In winter, you can get a fireplace and a private spa in the rooms.The ice hotel has new rooms each year. This winter, it will build a room with the theme of Disney's movie Frozen.Pirate ( 海盜)Theme RoomIf you want a more attractive theme room, the Adventure Island Hotel in America is the be

28、st choice.In their pirate theme rooms, you' ll feel like you' re on a pirate ship in a world of sea adventures.Night at the Movie RoomAt the Wensley Hotel in Australia, guests are crazy about the Night at the Movies Room. There they can see different things of Hollywood, such as Hollywood si

29、gns over the door, and hand- painted actors ' pictures above the bed.()26. What can guests do during their stay at the George Castle Hotel?A. Visit a movie studio.B. Have a private spa.C. Enjoy a movie night.D. Play an adventure game.【解析】A細節(jié)題；根據(jù)"the bus will take you to the Making of Harry

30、Potter studio tour' ?可知去George Castle Hotel的旅客可以去參觀 電影工 作室，故答案選 A。()27. Who is most likely to choose the Adventure Island Hotel?A. Kids who love Disneyland.B. Kids who love pirate stories.C. Adults who love castle tours.D. Adults who love watching movies.【解析】B細節(jié)題； 由 “in the pirate theme rooms, y

31、ou ' ll feel like you are on a pirate tripin a worl d of sea adventures ”可知 喜歡海盜散事的孩子們會選擇這家旅館，故答案選R()28. What is the possible choice for a super fan of Hollywood movies?A. The Wensley Hotel.B. Hotel de Glace.C. The George Castle Hotel. D. The Adventure Island Hotel.【解析】A名田節(jié)題； 由文章 "there the

32、y can see different things of Hollywood, such as Hollywood signs."可知，喜歡好萊塢 電影的人會選擇這家旅館，故答案選A。()29. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A storybook C. A science book.C. Excited.D. Painful.a. Calm.Frightened.B.b. A history book.D. A travel guide book.*.【解析】D 推測題；由全文可知，本篇文章介紹了四個主題酒店，可推測這篇文章是從

33、旅游手冊上摘抄的，故選D=Last summer, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling to Alaska with two friends. On the way, his friends had to stop for a bicycle repair, but they encouraged Mac to ride on, and they would catch up with him soon.Mac began to cycle alone. A few minutes later, Mac heard quick a

34、nd loud breathing behind him. "Man, that ' s a big dog!" he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw immediately that it wasn ' t a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.Mac's heart jumped. He searched and took out his can of bear spray （防熊噴霧）.With one han

35、d on the bars, he tired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal. To Mac's relief （寬慰）， rt fell back, shaking its head. A minute later, however, it was again by his side. It even attacked the back of Mac's bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second t

36、ime, and again, it fell back, only to quickly restart the chase（追趕）. ctowni.Mac was riding hard now. He waved and shouted at passing cars without slowingAt that moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska.They found a dog-like animal running alongside a man on a bike. As the

37、y got closer, they realized th at the "dog" was a wolf. Mac heard a large car behind him. He kept waving and shouting as the wolf was catching up closer.And the car did stop in frontof him at the right time.（）30. Why was Mac riding alone?a. He wanted to try his bear spray.B. He liked ridin

38、g alone all the way.c. His friends were repairing the bike.D. His friends returned for theirtents.【解析】C細節(jié)題；由第一段“On the way, his friends had to stop for a bicycle repair, but they encouraged Mac to ride on, and they would catch up with him soon” 可知 Mac 的明友需要 修自行車，故Mac需要獨自騎行，答案選C（）31. How did Mac feel

39、 when he realized a wolf was after him?推斷題； 由第三段“Mad s heart jumped. He searched and took out his can of bearspray. ”推斷可知，當Mac發(fā)現(xiàn)是狼追著后心跳的很快并拿出了防熊噴霧，可推測內(nèi)心是 非?？謶值?，故答案選B。（）32. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to（指代）？A. The wolf. B. The dog. C. The can. D The cloud.【解析】A猜

40、詞題； 由第三段 ” he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal. To Mac's relief, it fell back."可知， it 指的是狼，故答案選A。（）33. How did Mac ask for help in the end?A. By cycling hard.B. By firing the spray.C. By waving and shouting.D. By running after the car.【解析】C細節(jié)題；由尾段“ He kep

41、t waving and shouting as the wolf was catching up closer.And the car did stop in front of him at the right time”可知，Mac是通過揮手和大聲求救獲得幫助的，故選C。CThe 14th Chinese Language Competition attracted about 1,100 children from kindergarten kids to high school students. The children from different language and cul

42、tural backgrounds met in San Francisco and competed in events like Chinese calligraphy （書法），drawing and Chinese poetry recital（背誦）.Thomson, an 11th-grade boy from Justin-Siena High School in Napa city of California, has studied Chinese language for three years. It was hard for him to learn Chinese a

43、t the beginning, because it was one of the most difficult languages in the world. However, the writing of Chinese characters is a form of art, which made him feel different. “ It's amazing to see how attractive Chinese culture is. ” he said.Julie, a 12th-grade girl shared her similar experience

44、of learning Chinese for four years. When recalling her trip in Beijing and Shanghai, she expressed huge 16 interest in shared bikes, "The shared bike is known as one of the new 'Great Inventions' of China, along with China's Express Railway and Alipay online payment system. They ama

45、ze the whole world as part of China s rapid rise. ”According to the hosting organization, the Confucius Institute at San Francisco StateliUniversity, the competition was mainly for American and overseas Chinese kids. It aimed to set a platform to present ( 展示 )their Chinese language and culture tale

46、nts.It also helped to deepen the understanding of young Americans about the Chinese . culture and history.() 34. Where was the 14th Chinese Language Competition held?A. In Beijing. B. In Shanghai. C. In Napa city. D. In San Francisco.【解析】D細節(jié)題：由題干關鍵詞the 14th Chinese Language Competition 定位到第一段“met in

47、 SanFrancisco" 可知來自各地的參賽者在San Francisco 相遇，也就是在此舉辦，故選D。() 35. What is amongthe new "Great Inventions ” of China according to the passage?B. Paper making.D. Chinese calligraphy.定位到第三段“The shared bike可知答案為the shared bike,is known as one故選 C。A. Railway.C. The shared bike.【解析】C細節(jié)題：由題干關鍵詞Great

48、Inventionof the new Great Inventions of China."() 36. Which statement is TRUE about the competition?A. All college students took part in it.B. It was not only for overseas Chinese kids.C. It was hosted by Justin-Siena High School.D. Students competed in different languages.【解析】B 細節(jié)題：A選項由第四段“the

49、 competition was mainly for American and overseas Chinese kids.”可 知主要參加者為美國和華人小孩，A 選項意為所有大學生都參與，可知信息錯誤且過于絕對， 故排除A。B 選項由第四段“ the competition was mainly for American and overseas Chinese kids. ” 可 知不僅僅是給海外中國參賽者，也面向美國參賽者，與選項意思相符，故選擇B。C 選項由第四段“ According to the hosting 17organization, the Confucius Inst

50、itute atSan Francisco State University, ”可知舉辦方為 the Confucius Institute, C選項意為舉辦方為 Justin-Siena High School, 與文意不符，故排除C。D 選項由第四段“ Itaimedto set a platform to present (展示) their Chinese languageand culture talents."可知這個比賽主要是針對中國語言文化，并沒有多種語言，與 D選項意思矛盾，故排除D。() 37. What is the best title for the pa

51、ssage?a. Chinese Culture Talent Show Presented* > .B. New “ Great Inventions ” Made in Chinac. Chinese Language Competition Held AgainD. Ways to Learn the Chinese Language Shared 【解析】C主旨大意題；通讀全文可知，文章重在介紹第十四屆漢語語言比賽、參賽者對中國文化的看法觀點以及參與比賽的感受，C選項最為符合，而A屬于偷換概念，B是以偏概全，D是完全跑題，文中并沒有涉及學習漢語的方法分享，均可排除，故選C。DSh

52、enzhen, Jan 1 st , 2018 Shenzhen has become the world's first city to make all its public buses, about 16,359, run on electricity. A total of 12, 518 taxis, or 62.5 percent of all the taxis in the city are electric ones. "We will replace( 替換 )the rest of the taxis with electric ones by 2020

53、. ” said Mr. Chen from thegovernment."I have been a driver for twenty years, ” said Mr. Zhang, a driver who started to drive e- buses a month ago. “ Wehad several rounds of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the e-buses. ”The city has built 8,000 charging poles (充電

54、柱 )and 501 bus charging stations.“ A bus can be fully charged within two hours and the charging poles can serve 300buses a day at our station. Since the replacement, the bus terminal has become quiet, even as the e- buses are entering and exiting the station. ” said Mr. Guan, the manager of Qinghu B

55、us Station.The use of e-buses and e-taxis plays an important role in improving air quality. In a year, the e-buses use 72.9 percent less energy than the traditional ones. The e-taxis will save the energy of 119, 000 tons of standard coal.Shenzhen was one of the first 13 cities to take part in the Na

56、tional New-energyVehicle Program (NNVP). In 2017, the city spent 3.3 billion yuan on e-buses and the charging equipment. The city also encourages people to buy new-energy cars or e-cars by reducing their payment.() 38. How many e-taxis were there in Shenzhen in January, 2018?A. 8,000B. 12,518 C. 16,

57、35918 D. 11,900【解析】B細節(jié)題；由題目關鍵詞e-taxis 和 January, 2018, 定位第一段"A total of 12, 518 taxis,or 62.5percent of all the taxis in the city are electric ones."可知數(shù)量為12,518 ， 占了所有 的士的 62.5% , 故 選B。今.() 39. What is the influence of the replacement according to Mr. Guan?A. It saves 72.9 percent energy.b. It helps to improve air quality.C. The bus station has become quiet.D. People will pay more if they buy e-cars.【解析】C細節(jié)題；由題目關鍵詞influenc