2020版高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)解讀

1、2020版高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)解讀考點(diǎn)解讀 »1 m m aa aiManiB ranbjbbw-b um a ! a u bm hbaMK-10德規(guī)則認(rèn)知規(guī)律-。高者鏈接I1. 2018 -全國(guó)卷 I Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease2. 2018 .全國(guó)卷 n The Chinese Ministry of Ag

2、riculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing programme gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers 3. 2017 全國(guó)卷 出 But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models , wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.4. 2017 6 月浙江卷- was spread over the

3、 garden, accidentally sprouted （生長(zhǎng)）through it.it remained until the carrot s leafy top5. 2016 全國(guó)卷 I But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the w

4、ild.1考點(diǎn)歸納,考點(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句規(guī)則 who ,whom ,whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who和whom指人,who在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ) whom在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略。在 口語(yǔ)中可用 who代替whom;whose指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，指物時(shí)可用of which代替，指人時(shí)可用ofwhom代替。 Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.有些在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)上很有成就的人，在其他領(lǐng)域常常一無(wú)所成。My eldest son, whose work t

5、akes him all over the world , is in New York at the moment.我大兒子目前在紐約，他的工作讓他全世界到處跑。規(guī)則 that,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that多指物，有時(shí)也指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略;which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略。另外,which可用來(lái)指代前面句子的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容。 The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inv

6、entions.我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪杏龅降哪切┬?wèn)題有可能會(huì)成為偉大發(fā)明的靈感。2） China Today attracts a worldwide readership ,which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.今日中國(guó)吸引了世界各地的讀者,這表明世界上越來(lái)越多的人想了解中國(guó)。 溫馨提示 下列情況只用that 不用 which:先行詞是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代詞;先行詞被a

7、ll,any,every,no,little,much,some等詞修飾;先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞；先行詞被the only,the very（ 正是 , 恰是 ）,the last 修飾 ;先行詞中既有人也有物;在 which 或 who 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中含有定語(yǔ)從句?？键c(diǎn)二關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因（一般為reason）的名詞，從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞when ,where,why。有時(shí)可用“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)替換。 Is this the reason why （for which ） he refused our offer

8、?這就是他拒絕我們的幫助的理由嗎? They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他們已經(jīng)到了必須分手的地步。 溫馨提示 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 即使先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞, 仍用 which/that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞, 如 point,situation,case,stage 等 , 如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ), 常用關(guān)系副詞where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句; 如果作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ), 則用關(guān)系代詞that/which 。考點(diǎn)三 “介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的

9、定語(yǔ)從句若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)常用whom ,指物時(shí)常用 which。另外,whose也可以放在介詞后,即“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事業(yè)。 In 1961 the UN set up the World Food Programme ,one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.1961 年 ,聯(lián)合國(guó)成立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署,其目的之一就是

10、緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑荒。 Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore , three of which were English novels.fLast Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore , of which three were English novels.上星期日我從書(shū)店買(mǎi)了一些書(shū),其中三本是英文小說(shuō)。等代詞或數(shù)詞的前后可以用of which/whom溫馨提木在 some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each

11、the+比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)前后用of which/whom等?？键c(diǎn)四 as,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句as作關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，意為“正如，正像”，as引導(dǎo)的句子可放在句首、句末或句中；which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句代指前面整句話內(nèi)容則只能位于句末。 The number of smokers ,as is reported ,has dropped by 17 per cent in just one year.正如報(bào)道的那樣，吸煙的人數(shù)僅在一年內(nèi)就已經(jīng)減少了百分之十七。 It is a truly delightful place ,which looks the same as it m

12、ust have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.這真是一個(gè)令人愉快的地方，它看上去和100年前的樣子一樣，有蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的村舍。溫馨提示as常用在下列習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中：as (it)often happens,as I remember,as is often the case,as is expected,as is known to us,as is shown 等。"such/sothat"表示"如此以致” 的意思，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;而"such

13、/soas"表示"像這樣的意思，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,as在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。"the samethat”表示同一個(gè)人或物 ，而"the sameas”表示同種類的人或物。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練-1ft羸考點(diǎn)咐因提升一I .單句填空1. She and her family bicycle to work , helps them keep fit.2. The old man turned his business over to his younger son , made his elder son discouraged.3. I will never

14、 forget such a beautiful village I spent my childhood with my grandparents.4. There they met people from other parts of the country , had also volunteered to help.5. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.6. On an autumn afternoon , we were sent to a f

15、arm we learnt to plant potatoes.7. It s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.8. He wrote many children s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.9. Tom s new watch hands are made of gold is quite expensive.10. Many young people, most of were well-educa

16、ted ,headed for remote regions to chase theirdreams.11. Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college , has gone to work in Australia.12. The air quality in the city , is shown in the report , has improved over the past two months.1.1 It is the third time that she has won the race , has

17、surprised us all.14 .Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.15 . Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.n .單句改錯(cuò)1. 2018 -全國(guó)卷 I They also had a small pond which they raised fish.2. 2017 全國(guó)卷 n they are interested i

18、n planting vegetables in their garden ,that is on the rooftop of their house.3. 2016 四川卷The dishes what I cooked were Mum s favourite.4. We all like our English teacher, from him we have learned a lot.5. Between the lectures is a 20 minutes 'break, where the students can get relaxed.田語(yǔ)法填空Things

19、can go wrong on a big scale as a number of people recently discovered. In actual life , not everything can go smoothly just as we wished. We have all 1. (experience) days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough , but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. What invariably ha

20、ppens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong 2. precisely the same moment. It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of 3. (react). Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping 4. eye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings , 5. makes matters worse. Whi

21、le you are on the phone , the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table smashing half your best cups and cutting 6. (he) in the process. You hang up 7. (hurry) and attend to the baby , cups, etc. Meanwhile , the meal gets 8. (burn). At the very moment , you almost lose your mind. But you try not to. A

22、s if this were not enough 9. (reduce) you to tears , your husband arrives , unexpectedly 10. (bring) three guests to dinner. All of a sudden , you find yourself only in sleeping dress , with everything on it. It is just one of those days that drive you mad.專題9定語(yǔ)從句【高考鏈接】1 . that或which 考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。 此處a

23、 study是先彳亍同，其在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。2 . that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)前面的 a soil-testing programme 及空格處缺少主語(yǔ)可知，填that/which 。3 .who 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,缺少關(guān)系詞,代指先行詞Sarah, 在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填who。4 .where 此處先行詞是the garden ,在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填where。5 .when 此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是時(shí)間名詞,從句缺少狀語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞when。【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】I .單句填空1 . which 句意:她和家人騎自行車(chē)上班,

24、這有助于幫助他們保持健康。此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為整個(gè)分句,故用which 來(lái)指代前面的句子并作主語(yǔ)。2 .which 句意:那個(gè)老人把生意交給了小兒子,這使他的大兒子很沮喪。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代前面一整句話的內(nèi)容,并在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which。3 .where 句意 :我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那個(gè)如此美麗的村莊,在那里我和祖父母一起度過(guò)我的童年。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是village,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此用where引導(dǎo),相當(dāng)于in which。4 .who 句意:在那里他們遇到了從這個(gè)國(guó)家其他地方來(lái)的人,他們也是自愿來(lái)幫忙的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)是非限制性定語(yǔ)從

25、句的引導(dǎo)詞,先行詞是people ,從句缺少主語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系代詞who。5 .whose 句意:這本書(shū)從生活遭受地震影響的人們的視角來(lái)講述地震的故事。主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,先行詞為those,引導(dǎo)詞代替先行詞在從句中修飾名詞lives,作定語(yǔ)，因此用whose。6 .where 句意 :在一個(gè)秋天的下午,我們被送到一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng),在那里我們學(xué)習(xí)了種植土豆。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞a farm ,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where 引導(dǎo)。7 .where 句意 :讓孩子們處于能看到不同的自己的境地對(duì)他們很有幫助。situation 作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞where 引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)

26、從句。8 .which 句意:他寫(xiě)了很多少兒讀物,幾乎一半都是在20 世紀(jì) 90 年代出版的。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。在介詞of之后作賓語(yǔ)，代替指物的先行詞children's books,故用which。9 .whose 句意:湯姆的新手表的指針是金制的,相當(dāng)昂貴。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為watch,hands 與watch 之間為所屬關(guān)系,應(yīng)用whose 引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。10 .whom 句意 :很多年輕人前往偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去追逐他們的夢(mèng)想,他們中的大多數(shù)都受過(guò)良好教育。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為many young people ,作介詞of

27、 的賓語(yǔ),故要用whom。11 . whose 句意:凱特已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了,當(dāng)我們?cè)诖髮W(xué)里時(shí)我與她姐姐同住一間宿舍。Kate 與 sister是所屬關(guān)系,需用whose 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。12 .as句意:正如報(bào)道顯示的那樣，過(guò)去兩個(gè)月這座城市的空氣質(zhì)量已經(jīng)改善了很多。此句用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 ,并在從句中作主語(yǔ),意為“正如”。13 .which 此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是整個(gè)主句,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which。14 .that 句意:請(qǐng)你把有關(guān)這個(gè)職位候選人的所有信息發(fā)給我們。先行詞 information 在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)have的賓語(yǔ)，前面又有all修飾，故只能用that,不用which。15 . where 句意:自動(dòng)駕駛是中國(guó)和世界其他地區(qū)站在同一起跑線上的領(lǐng)域。先行詞an area 在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。n .單句改錯(cuò)1 . which 改成 in which 或 where 句意 :他們還有一個(gè)小池塘,里面養(yǎng)著魚(yú)。a small pond 是先行詞,并在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用 in which 或 where。2 .that 改為 which