2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：21個(gè)重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解

1、 2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：21個(gè)重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解專題五 F字部1. factn.事實(shí)，實(shí)際關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：in fact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上；as a matter of fact確切地講，事實(shí)上用法：The fact is (that)+從句，表示“事實(shí)是”；fact后面還可以接that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，表示fact的具體內(nèi)容，例如：Dont forget the fact that they are only children.別忘了他們只是孩子的事實(shí)。同義詞：truth=reality n.事實(shí)，真相（北京卷，閱讀D）Most said students should spend less time

2、 memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities.2. failv.失??；不及格 表示“失敗，沒(méi)有成功”，常用句式有fail in sth.或者fail to do sth.表示“未做某事，未履行某事”，也可用于fail to do sth.句式表示“不及格，未通過(guò)（考試，測(cè)驗(yàn)）”，可以接賓語(yǔ)，也可不接：fail the test考試不及格詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：failure n.失?。唬C(jī)器）故障；未做反義詞：succeed v.成功；pass v.通過(guò)（測(cè)試）（浙江卷，完形）This time it became so prof

3、ound. Then and there I _20_ to find myself back. That was exactly-what I did.20. A. failedB. forgotC. decidedD. continued3. fairadj.公平的，合理的 關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：to be fair公平地說(shuō)；fair enough有道理，說(shuō)得對(duì)；fair play/competition公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，公平比賽熟詞僻義：fair還可以當(dāng)名詞（n.）使用，表示：游樂(lè)場(chǎng)：Lets take the kids to the fair. 咱們帶孩子們到游樂(lè)場(chǎng)吧。交易會(huì)，展覽會(huì)：worlds fai

4、r世界博覽會(huì)；international fair國(guó)際博覽會(huì)；job fair招聘會(huì)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：fairly adv.公正地；相當(dāng)?shù)?；fairness n.公正性，公平合理性同義詞：just adj.公平的反義詞：unfair adj.不公平的（北京卷，閱讀D）This doesnt just happen in China, but its fair to say the Chinese people show more love to their country.4. famousadj.著名的，出名的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：be famous for因而聞名 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：fame n.名聲，名譽(yù)同義詞：w

5、ell-known adj.著名的，有名氣的反義詞：infamous adj.臭名昭著的（浙江卷，閱讀D） 38. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage?A. The writer lives a busy life in Mentone.B. Millet was finally made a famous artist.C. Millet painted best among the four friends.D. The story was written in memory of Millet.5. fa

6、radj.遠(yuǎn)的，較遠(yuǎn)的；adv.遠(yuǎn)地；很，非常詞形變化：比較級(jí)farther/further，最高級(jí)the farthest/the furthest關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：so far到目前為止；as far as I know據(jù)我所知far作形容詞時(shí)，表示距離遠(yuǎn)的，通常用于be far from結(jié)構(gòu)，但不與具體的數(shù)字連用。例如：誤：The station is two kilometers far (away) from here.正：The station is two kilometers away from here.far更多用作副詞，尤其是修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)，或與too連用，表示程度，譯

7、為“得多，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)，大大；太”：He is far more careful than me.他比我仔細(xì)得多。He was at the station far too early.他去車站去得太早。反義詞：near adj.附近的（北京卷，短文閱讀）The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become.6. farmn.農(nóng)場(chǎng)，農(nóng)莊；v.種田，務(wù)農(nóng)關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：on a farm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)（不用in）；a pig/cattle/chicken farm養(yǎng)豬/牛/雞場(chǎng)；farm land農(nóng)業(yè)用地詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：farmer n.

8、農(nóng)民；farming n.農(nóng)業(yè)；耕作（山東卷，閱讀B）Because working with horses has helped Rowan, Rupert set up The Horse Boy Foundation on his farm in Texas.7. favouriteadj.最喜愛(ài)的；n.最受喜愛(ài)的人或物 美式拼寫：favorite作形容詞時(shí)，favorite前面要加形容詞性物主代詞或者名詞所有格：his favorite movie；Jims favorite sport；favorite可以換成likebest結(jié)構(gòu)：My favorite subject is sci

9、ence=I like science best.作名詞時(shí)，favorite后面不再跟名詞：Sunday is my favorite.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：favor v.更喜歡，偏袒；n.恩惠；支持；favorable adj.贊成的，有利的（江蘇卷，完形）When I'm asked to name my favourite place to eat in Suzhou, I will reply _13_.13. A. right awayB. in surpriseC. at mostD. over there8. feedv.喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)活詞形變化：過(guò)去式fed，過(guò)去分詞fed 關(guān)聯(lián)

10、詞組：feed on sth.以為食；feed sb. up（用大量食物）養(yǎng)肥，養(yǎng)壯；feed sb. sth.=feed sth. to sb.給某人喂吃；be fed up with厭煩了，厭倦了（山東卷，閱讀C）As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past.9. fieldn.田地，場(chǎng)地；實(shí)地，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；領(lǐng)域關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：corn/rice/wheat field棉花/水稻/小麥田；fo

11、otball/baseball field足球/棒球場(chǎng)；track and field田徑（賽）filed study/research實(shí)地研究用法：可以作為“量詞”，用于a field of結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一片田”。熟詞僻義：field的引申意義表示“領(lǐng)域”、“界”，相當(dāng)于area，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為in the field of在領(lǐng)域，在界：She is famous in the field of music.她在音樂(lè)界很出名。（浙江卷，閱讀C）The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope

12、in the world, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.10. fightv.&n.打架，打仗；爭(zhēng)論；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，爭(zhēng)取 詞形變化：過(guò)去式fought，過(guò)去分詞fought動(dòng)詞詞組：fight for為而戰(zhàn)（奮斗）；fight against反對(duì)，對(duì)抗，與作斗爭(zhēng)；fight with與并肩戰(zhàn)斗；與打架；fight back回?fù)?；fight on繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗；fight off擊退名詞詞組：be in/get into a fight (with sb.) (over/about sth.

13、)（因某事）（同某人）打起來(lái)了；a street/gang fight街頭/幫派打斗近義詞：war n.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，斗爭(zhēng)（浙江卷，閱讀C）The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars. Now, they were at peace. But one day a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused another war between the two countries.11. finaladj.最后的，終極的，決定性的；n.決賽；期末考試形容詞詞組：final decis

14、ion最后決定；final product最終產(chǎn)品，最后產(chǎn)物；final exam期末考試；final result最終結(jié)果；final report總結(jié)報(bào)告；final round最終角逐名詞詞組：the World Cup final世界杯總決賽；be through to/reach the final打進(jìn)決賽詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：finally=at last=in the end adv.最后，終于（浙江卷，完形）I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted in _11_ g

15、roup.11. A. myB. herC. hisD. our12. finishv.結(jié)束，做完用法：finish可以作及物動(dòng)詞，后面接名詞作賓語(yǔ)；還可以接V-ing形式，不能接to do sth.：I havent finished reading this book yet.我還沒(méi)有讀完這本書。finish也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不接賓語(yǔ)：What time does school finish?學(xué)校什么時(shí)候放學(xué)？同義詞：complete v.完成；end v.結(jié)束，終止（北京卷，單項(xiàng)填空）4. Lily, _ you finish the letter in ten minutes? Y

16、es, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can13. fitadj.合適的；健康的；v.（使）適合詞形變化：比較級(jí)fitter，最高級(jí)fittest；過(guò)去式fitted或fit，過(guò)去分詞fitted或fit，現(xiàn)在分詞fitting形容詞用法：和系動(dòng)詞連用，表示“適合，恰當(dāng)”等，后面常接介詞for：He isnt fit for his work.他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。和feel或keep等連用，表示身體健康，精神狀態(tài)好：She tries to keep fit by jogging every day.她每天慢跑以保持健康。動(dòng)詞用法：fit即可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可作

17、不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“（使）適合”；可以和介詞in/into連用，表示“適應(yīng)，融入”：This coat doesnt fit well.這件大衣不太合身。This coat doesnt fit me.這件大衣我穿不合身。She could never fit into his world.她永遠(yuǎn)也無(wú)法融入他的世界。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：fitness n.健康：fitness center健身中心同義詞：suit v.適合，滿足；suitable adj.合適的；healthy adj.健康的反義詞：unfit adj.不適合的（浙江卷，完形）I listened to the music she lis

18、tened to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted in _11_ group.11. A. myB. herC. hisD. our14. flyv.飛，飛行；放（風(fēng)箏、模型）；n.飛行；蒼蠅詞形變化：過(guò)去式flew，過(guò)去分詞flown詞組：fly a kite放風(fēng)箏；fly in the sky在空中飛行；fly by飛越；飛逝用法：fly既是及物動(dòng)詞，又是不及物動(dòng)詞，可表示“（動(dòng)物）飛翔”、“（人或飛機(jī)

19、）飛行”、“放飛（風(fēng)箏、模型、氣球等）”；作引申意義時(shí)，可表示“（時(shí)間）飛逝”，例如：How time flies!時(shí)間過(guò)得真快！熟詞僻義：fly作名詞時(shí)，除了表示“飛行”，還可指“蒼蠅”。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：flight n.飛行，航班：flight number航班號(hào)（江蘇卷，單項(xiàng)填空）5.The flying squirrel might be one of _ animals you could meet during the trip.A. strangeB. strangerC. strangestD. the strangest15. followv.跟隨，跟得上；效仿關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：follo

20、w up跟蹤，繼續(xù)做某事；follow through堅(jiān)持到底；as follows如下；follow the example of效仿；follow the instructions遵照指示；follow suit照做詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：following adj.&n.作形容詞：意思是“（時(shí)間上）接著的”；“下述的，下列的”。例如the following week第二周；answer the following questions回答下列問(wèn)題作名詞：常用于the following結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“下述，以下”。例如：The following is a summary of the meeti

21、ng.以下是會(huì)議總結(jié)。（浙江卷，完形）Another girl added, "Ashley, she _14_ follows you, trying to copy you."14 A. onceB. alwaysC. hardlyD. never16. forcev.強(qiáng)迫，迫使；n.力量，武力關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：by force靠武力，強(qiáng)迫；driving force驅(qū)動(dòng)力動(dòng)詞用法：常用結(jié)構(gòu)有force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事，等同于force sb. into sth./into doing sth.：The President was forced in

22、to resigning.總統(tǒng)被迫辭職。The President was forced to resign.總統(tǒng)被迫辭職。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：forceful adj.強(qiáng)有力的同義詞：strength n.力量，力氣（北京卷，短文閱讀）The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour.17. foreignadj.外國(guó)的，外來(lái)的；陌生的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：foreign languag

23、e外語(yǔ)；foreign trade對(duì)外貿(mào)易；foreign company外國(guó)公司；foreign country外國(guó)用法：be foreign to sb.表示“對(duì)不熟”詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：foreigner n.外國(guó)人（湖北卷，完形）When he 40 to call the four foreign passengers, Zhang Peng directly went to the hotel again where he had dropped them off.40.A. succeeded B. forgot C. regretted D. failed18. forgetv.忘記，忘

24、掉詞形變化：過(guò)去式forgot，過(guò)去分詞forgotten用法：可作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，常用句式有forget (about) sth.忘記某事；forget +that/wh-從句。forget doing sth.表示“忘記做過(guò)某事”；forget to do表示“忘記要做某事”。I forgot to do my homework yesterday. （作業(yè)沒(méi)有做）I forget borrowing an English book from my friend. （借了書，但不記得這件事了）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：forgetful adj.健忘的反義詞：remember v.記得，記?。ㄕ憬?，單

25、項(xiàng)填空）10.Tony, hurry up and don't forget to lock the door. - _. I'm getting my coat.A. Wait a minuteB. No dealC. Nothing seriousD. Bad luck19. forwardadv.向前，前進(jìn)；將來(lái)，今后關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：push forward推進(jìn)；move forward向前移動(dòng)；向前發(fā)展；step forward向前進(jìn)；站出來(lái)；put forward提出；come forward涌現(xiàn)；straight forward直截了當(dāng)；look forward to (

26、doing) sth.期待反義詞：backward adv.向后 （江蘇卷，單項(xiàng)填空） 11. Do you have any plans for the holiday?Yes, Im planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. Im looking forward to the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.A. seeB. seeingC. seesD. saw20. frontadj&n.前面（的），前部（的）關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：front door前門；front desk前臺(tái)，服務(wù)臺(tái)；front line前線，第一線；front page頭版in front of和in the front of的區(qū)別：in front of表示“在前面”，具有outside的詞義：The student is standing in front of the bus. （在車外）in the front of表示“在前部”：The driver is sitting in the front of the bus. （在車內(nèi)）（山東卷，完形） Remember that usually Chinese peop