必修一Unit2Englisharoundtheworld-Usinglanguage

1、Using language and reading in workbook At the end of the 16th century, English was only 1 (speak) by people in England. They were native English speakers. However， 2 _ English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more 3 less like German for it was 4 (bas

2、e) on German, but modern English sounds more like French than German 5 England was once ruled by France.spokentheorbasedAs/for/because Two men had a great influence on the changes of English. One was Samuel Johnson, who wrote his dictionary and the other was Noah Webster, 6 wrote The American Dictio

3、nary of the English Language 7 gave American English its own 8 （identify) Today, China may have the largest number of people 9 （speak) English. A lot of Chinese people speak English 10 a foreign language.whothatwhichidentityspeakingas高考必背作文高考必背作文假設(shè)你叫王明，昨天收到了筆友假設(shè)你叫王明，昨天收到了筆友David的的e-mail，得知他不久要到北京來學(xué)習(xí)

4、中文。，得知他不久要到北京來學(xué)習(xí)中文。他想了解如何學(xué)好中文。請(qǐng)你用英文給他他想了解如何學(xué)好中文。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)一封回復(fù)一封e-mail，介紹學(xué)習(xí)中文的體會(huì)和方，介紹學(xué)習(xí)中文的體會(huì)和方法，提出你的建議，以及表達(dá)你幫助他學(xué)法，提出你的建議，以及表達(dá)你幫助他學(xué)好中文的愿望。好中文的愿望。DearDavid,DearDavid, ImgladyoullcometoBeijingtolearnChinese.Chineseisveryuseful, ImgladyoullcometoBeijingtolearnChinese.Chineseisveryuseful,andmanyforeigners

5、arelearningitnow.Itsdifficultforyoubecauseitsquitandmanyforeignersarelearningitnow.ItsdifficultforyoubecauseitsquitedifferentfromEnglish.YouhavetorememberasmanyChineseedifferentfromEnglish.YouhavetorememberasmanyChinesewordsaspossible.Itsalsoimportanttodosomereadingandwriting.wordsaspossible.Itsalso

6、importanttodosomereadingandwriting.YoucanwatchTVandlistentotheradiotopractiseyourlistening.DoYoucanwatchTVandlistentotheradiotopractiseyourlistening.DoyourbesttotalkwithpeopleinChinese.YoucanlearnChinesenotonlyyourbesttotalkwithpeopleinChinese.YoucanlearnChinesenotonlyfrombooksbutalsofrompeoplearoun

7、dyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,frombooksbutalsofrompeoplearoundyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.ImsureyoulllearnChinesewell.pleaseaskme.ImsureyoulllearnChinesewell.HopetoseeyousooninBeijing.HopetoseeyousooninBeijing.Yours, WangMingYours, WangMing【翻譯】親愛的大衛(wèi)，我很高興你會(huì)來北京學(xué)習(xí)中文。中國(guó)是非常有益的，許多外國(guó)人正在學(xué)習(xí)，現(xiàn)在。這很難為你，因

8、為它是相當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z不同。你要記住盡可能多的中國(guó)話。同樣重要的是做一些閱讀和寫作。你可以看電視，聽廣播練習(xí)你的聽力。你最好不要談?wù)撆c中國(guó)人民。你可以學(xué)習(xí)漢語，不僅從書本上，而且從你周圍的人。如果您有任何問題，請(qǐng)問我。我敢肯定你會(huì)學(xué)好中文。希望能盡快看到你在北京。此致，王明 STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? 什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語？Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? 是在英國(guó)、美國(guó)、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的

9、英語嗎？ Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. 許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機(jī)許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機(jī)里所說的英語就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語，里所說的英語就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語，This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expec

10、ted to speak excellent English. 這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘倪@是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好電臺(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。的英語。However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. 然而，在電視和收然而，在電視和收音機(jī)里，你也會(huì)聽出人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。音機(jī)里，你也會(huì)聽出人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。 When people use words and expressions different from “standard

11、language”, it is called a dialect. 當(dāng)人們使用不同于當(dāng)人們使用不同于“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言”的詞語和的詞語和表達(dá)時(shí)，那就叫做方言。表達(dá)時(shí)，那就叫做方言。American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. 美國(guó)英語有美國(guó)英語有許多方言，特別是中西部地區(qū)和南部地區(qū)的方言，許多方言，特別是中西部地區(qū)和南部地區(qū)的方言，以及美國(guó)黑人和西班牙人的方言。以及美國(guó)黑人和西班牙人的方言。Even in some

12、parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently. 即使在即使在美國(guó)有些地區(qū)，兩個(gè)相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的人所說的方言也美國(guó)有些地區(qū)，兩個(gè)相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的人所說的方言也可能稍有不同?？赡苌杂胁煌?。 American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.美國(guó)英語之所以有這么多的方言是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)美國(guó)英語之所以有這么多的方言是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人是來自世界各地的緣故。人是來自世界各地的緣故。 Geogra

13、phy also plays a part in making dialects. 地理位置對(duì)方言的形成也有所影響。地理位置對(duì)方言的形成也有所影響。Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. 住在美國(guó)東部住在美國(guó)東部山區(qū)的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。山區(qū)的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects wit

14、h them. 當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們也就把他們的方言隨著搬到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去了帶去了 So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.因此，美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人同美國(guó)因此，美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人同美國(guó)西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。 The USA is a large country in which many

15、 different dialects are spoken. 美國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)，有著許許多多彼此不同的方言。美國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)，有著許許多多彼此不同的方言。Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects.雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e和雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e和理解彼此的方言。理解彼此的方言。standard 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 規(guī)格規(guī)格dialect 方言方言southern 南部的南部的midwestern 中西部的中西部的Span

16、ish 西班牙的西班牙的 New words play a part 扮演一個(gè)角色扮演一個(gè)角色 eastern 東部的東部的 northwestern 西北方的西北方的 recognize 辨認(rèn)出辨認(rèn)出, 認(rèn)出認(rèn)出1. Why are there so many dialects in the US? Because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Its believed to be the English spoken on TV and th

17、e radio.2. Whats the standard English?Read the passage and answer the questions.1. What is standard English? 什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語? standard (n.)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 規(guī)格規(guī)格 (adj.) 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 meet standard 符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn) standard of living 生活水平生活水平 on a standard 根據(jù)某一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)某一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Language pointsWe should try to raise the standard of living

18、.提高生活水準(zhǔn)提高生活水準(zhǔn) The mountains are not high _ world standard. A. by B. at C. to D. on2. Believe it or not, theres no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你信不信由你,世界上沒有所謂的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)世界上沒有所謂的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 英語英語。 believe it or not 信不信由你信不信由你 Believe it or not, all the people present have agreed to the plan.3. This is because in

19、 the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員講極好的英語。期望新聞播音員講極好的英語。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是This is, 從句是由從句是由because引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句: those were expected to speak excellent English. 在表語從句中又含有一個(gè)由在表語從句中又含有一個(gè)由who引導(dǎo)的

20、定語從句，修飾表語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾表語從句的主語的主語those。 當(dāng)一個(gè)句子的主語為當(dāng)一個(gè)句子的主語為this, that或或it時(shí)，時(shí)， 可以用可以用because引導(dǎo)表語從句。如：引導(dǎo)表語從句。如：That is because he doesnt like coffee. 那是因?yàn)樗幌矚g咖啡。那是因?yàn)樗幌矚g咖啡。It may be because the exam was too difficult. 那或許是因?yàn)榭荚囂y了。那或許是因?yàn)榭荚囂y了。4.expect : Vt. 期望，預(yù)料，認(rèn)為，預(yù)期期望，預(yù)料，認(rèn)為，預(yù)期usage: expect sb to do sth

21、指望預(yù)料某人做某事指望預(yù)料某人做某事 Sb be expected to do sth expect +that-clause認(rèn)為預(yù)想認(rèn)為預(yù)想 expect sb/sth 期待著某人或某事物的到來期待著某人或某事物的到來 expect to do sth 指望希望做某事指望希望做某事I expect so. 我想是這樣。我想是這樣。I expect not. I dont expect so.我想不是這樣。我想不是這樣。expect & wait forexpect 主要指心理狀態(tài)主要指心理狀態(tài)（a state of mind），），含有期盼的意味。含有期盼的意味。wait for 則指一種行

22、動(dòng)則指一種行動(dòng)（a sort of activity），特別指什么都不干而專，特別指什么都不干而專門等待。門等待。5. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. 然而然而, 甚至在電視上或收音機(jī)里都會(huì)甚至在電視上或收音機(jī)里都會(huì)聽到人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。聽到人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。 the way后面接定語從句時(shí)后面接定語從句時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞用用that/in which或不用關(guān)系代詞。或不用關(guān)系代詞。 I did it in the way that/in which you

23、taught me.I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which6. America English has many dialects, especially the Midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. 美國(guó)英語有很多方言美國(guó)英語有很多方言, 尤其是在中尤其是在中西部西部, 南部南部, 黑人和西班牙方言。黑人和西班牙方言。 especially 尤其尤其, 表達(dá)事物

24、不尋?；虮磉_(dá)事物不尋?；?特別重要特別重要 specially 專門專門(指專為某一目的指專為某一目的)Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.I came here specially to see you. 8. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. 地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。 play a part in的意思是：起重要作用；的意思是：起重要作用； 扮演角色。扮演角色。 He has played an important part in sav

25、ing the girl. He was invited to play a part in this TV play.1參加某活動(dòng)參加某活動(dòng). .She plays an active part in local politics(當(dāng)?shù)卣萎?dāng)?shù)卣?.2. 對(duì)某事有影響對(duì)某事有影響, 對(duì)某事起作用對(duì)某事起作用She played an important part in the success of the plan.Geography also plays a part in making dialects. 地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響.拓展：拓展：play

26、a role in與與play a part in的意思相同，?？梢曰Q。表的意思相同，?？梢曰Q。表示示“扮演角色扮演角色”還可以用還可以用act, act a / the role of等。如：等。如：Who is acting Hamlet?She is acting the role of Juliet.即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，用根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，用play a part in的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。1. My friend Jim is looking forward to _（扮演角色的（扮演角色的機(jī)會(huì)）機(jī)會(huì)）this series.2. A good

27、diet _ _ （在幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽方（在幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽方面起著非常大的作用）面起著非常大的作用）. plays a large part in helping people live longer a chance to play a part in9. Although many America move a lot, they still recognize each others dialects. 雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家, 但他們但他們 仍然能夠辨認(rèn)彼此的方言。仍然能夠辨認(rèn)彼此的方言。 recognize意為：意為： 認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可 ，常構(gòu)成短語常

28、構(gòu)成短語recognize . as / to be .，表示：表示： 把把看做看做 ； recognize sb. by sth. 表示：表示： 從從/根據(jù)某根據(jù)某物認(rèn)出某人。物認(rèn)出某人。1. I hadnt seen her for 20 years, but I recognized her as soon as she came into the room.2. The government refused to recognize the new school.3. He is recognized to be / as their natural leader.4. I recog

29、nized her by her red hair. 請(qǐng)用下列詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。請(qǐng)用下列詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。 believe it or not; be expected to; by underground; pay attention to; play an important part; in the way1. Some people dont like to go to work _. 2. The headmaster _ in the good running of a school. by undergroundplays an important part3. _, he

30、is really a foreigner.4. You will _ work on Saturdays.5. Please _ the difference between the two words.pay attention toBelieve it or notbe expected to 1 Mr. Huang will _ in the movement. A. play a leading part B. take parts C. play leading part D. take a part 3. _ of the students who took part in th

31、e military training is 450. A. A number B. A lot C. Lots D. The number 4. Sometimes _ English is quite different from _ English in many ways. A. speaking, writing B. spoken, written C. speaking, written D. spoken, writing 5. Can you tell me if you have found the key _ your car. A. for B. to C. about

32、 D. byADBB 6. When we visited Zhou Zhuang again ten years later, we found it changed so much that we could hardly _ it. A. remember B. think about C. believe D. recognize 7. It is so nice to hear from her, _, we last met more than 30 years ago. A. whats more B. thats to say C. in other words D. beli

33、eve it or not 8. They lived a hard life and were often made _ for over ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. to working D. worked 9. Do you have any difficulty _? A. on listening B. to listening C. for listening D. with listeningDDBD 10. Please tell me the way you thought of _ the garden. A. take c

34、are of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. to take care 11. Can you explain how it _ that you missed the morning classes? A. came across B. came to C. came up D. came about 12. China Daily is _ a newspaper, for it can also serve as a useful textbook for English study. A. more than B. more or les

35、s C. less than D. more and more 14. The reason _ being late for the meeting was _ his little son fell ill this morning. A. for, that B. why, that C. for, because D. why, becauseBDAA 17.“Not all of the dinosaurs were dangerous”. This sentence means _ . A. none of the dinosaurs were dangerous. B. all of the dinosaurs were not dang