【教案】高中英語(yǔ)（2019）人教版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 3 Learning About Language 學(xué)案

1、Unit 3 Learning About Language 學(xué)案【本課目標(biāo)】1.通過(guò)對(duì)課文的閱讀,在課文的具體情境中理解和掌握直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的用法。2.通過(guò)本學(xué)案的歸納,鞏固直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的用法,并學(xué)以致用。【自主學(xué)習(xí)】1.submitvt. & vi. (to give or offer something for a decision to be made by others)提交;呈遞;屈服(課本P28) According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all

2、annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.根據(jù)研究人員提交的報(bào)告,每年的20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由熱帶森林的破壞造成的。(1)submit sth to sb 向某人提交某物submit to sb/sth/doing 順從,聽命于submit oneself to 甘受,服從(2)submission n. 提交,呈遞;順從,屈服【練一練】(1)Youd better submit your graduation thesis to school ahead of

3、the deadline in case of any change. 你最好在截止日期前向?qū)W校提交你的畢業(yè)論文,以防有任何變動(dòng)。(2)We protested about the changes for a long time, but in the end we had to submit.我們對(duì)這些變動(dòng)抗議了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間, 但最終不得不屈服。(3)She decided to resign from the club rather than submit herself to the new rules. 她決定從俱樂部辭職,而不是服從新的規(guī)定。(4)單句填空The teachers agr

4、eed to a special meeting, in (submit) to parents demands.  No country would submit to (control) by another country. It should be noted that papers (submit) late will not be accepted.  (5)完成句子Applicants should read the guidance notes carefully (在遞交申請(qǐng)前).  She is strong-willed perso

5、n (從不屈服于失敗的). 2.on behalf of代表(代替)某人(課本P29) Im doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正在代表學(xué)校做一個(gè)關(guān)于全球變暖的項(xiàng)目。(1)on behalf of sb=on sbs behalf代表(代替)某人(2)stand for代表,象征represent 代表,象征【練一練】(1)On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.我代表全公司對(duì)你的工作

6、表示感謝。(2)Smile is a kind of language that represents/stands for kindness, friendliness, courtesy and consideration.微笑是一種語(yǔ)言,它代表了友善、親切、禮貌和關(guān)懷。(3)一句多譯Being quick-minded and good at communicating, the young man was appointed to address the tough problem .(behalf) Being quick-minded and good at commun

7、icating, the young man was appointed to address the tough problem . (represent) 這個(gè)年輕人頭腦敏捷且善于溝通, 因此被派去代表公司解決那個(gè)棘手的問(wèn)題。3.sensitiveadj. 敏感的;善解人意的;靈敏的(課本P29) Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic?為什么核能是一個(gè)敏感話題?(1)be sensitive to/about對(duì)敏感(2)sensible adj. 明智的;意識(shí)到的【練一練】(1)This is such a sensitive issue

8、that perhaps the press should not be told.這是個(gè)十分敏感的問(wèn)題,恐怕不該讓新聞界得知。(2)He was very sensitive about his scar and thought everyone was staring at him.他對(duì)自己的傷疤很敏感, 以為每個(gè)人都在盯著他看。(3)It is a sensible choice to discuss this matter with your parents before you make a decision. 在你做決定之前和父母討論這件事是明智的選擇。(4)單句填空Althoug

9、h cats cannot see in complete darkness,their eyes are much (sensitive) to light than human eyes.  He (sensitive) avoided mentioning her ex-husbands new girlfriend. (5)完成句子The elderly need special care in winter, as.  在冬季老年人需要特別的關(guān)注,因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)天氣的突然變化很敏感?！菊Z(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)】Direct speech & indirect spe

10、ech(直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ))【探索概況】1.“I dont know the address of my new home,” said Anne.Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2.Mother said to Tom, “I will come back home this evening.”Mother told Tom that she would go back home that evening.3.“I have never been to Beijing with my parents,” sa

11、id Jack to his friend.Jack told his friend that he had never been to Beijing with his parents.4.“Does a friend always have to be a person?” Mary asked Lily.Mary asked Lily if/whether a friend always has to be a person.【用法歸納】直接引述別人的原話,叫直接引語(yǔ);用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫間接引語(yǔ)。直接引語(yǔ)一般前后要加引號(hào),間接引語(yǔ)不用加引號(hào)。間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。如:

12、John said, “I have worked out this maths problem.”約翰說(shuō):“我已經(jīng)解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題?！?直接引語(yǔ))John said that he had worked out that maths problem.約翰說(shuō)他已經(jīng)解出了那道數(shù)學(xué)題。(間接引語(yǔ))一、陳述句直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(that在口語(yǔ)中常省略),主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要有say, tell, repeat, explain, think等。同時(shí),從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要做相應(yīng)的變化。其一般規(guī)則如下:1.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)

13、態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)注意 下列情況中,直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變。(1)主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如:“Li Ming does well in English,” says Ling Ling.Ling Ling says that Li Ming does well in English.(2)直接引語(yǔ)陳述的是客觀事實(shí)或真理。如:“The earth goes around the sun,” said our teacher.Our teacher said that the ea

14、rth goes around the sun.(3)直接引語(yǔ)中有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:“I was employed by the company in 1998,” the young man told me.The young man told me that he was employed by the company in 1998.2.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化(1)thisthat 這個(gè)那個(gè) 如:She said, “I will come this morning.”She said that she would go that morning.(2)th

15、esethose 這些那些 如:He said, “These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.(3)nowthen 現(xiàn)在那時(shí) 如:He said, “It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.(4)todaythat day 今天那天 如:He said, “I havent seen her today.”He said that he hadnt seen her that day.(5)yesterdaythe day before 昨天前一

16、天 如:She said, “I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.(6)tomorrowthe next/following day 明天第二天 如:She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”She said that she would go there the next/following day.(7)herethere 這里那里(8)comego 來(lái)去注意 如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述,here不必改為there,動(dòng)詞come不必改為go;如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述,yester

17、day, tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變。3.人稱代詞的變化(1)“一隨主”:若直接引語(yǔ)中有第一人稱,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱相一致;(2)“二隨賓”:若直接引語(yǔ)中有第二人稱,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中賓語(yǔ)的人稱相一致;(3)“第三人稱不更新”:直接引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)不需要變化。如:John said, “Ill try my best to help you.”John said (that) he would try his best to help me.Mary said, “Jane is in the reading room now.”Mary said (t

18、hat) Jane was in the reading room then.二、疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)句時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)要用陳述語(yǔ)序,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用ask,或改為wonder, do not know等。1.若直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句或反意疑問(wèn)句,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛蒳f或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:“Are you good at English?” Mary asked.Mary asked if/whether I was good at English.“You have worked here for a long time, havent you?” he asked.H

19、e asked (me) if/whether I had worked there for a long time.2.若直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)則將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛商厥庖蓡?wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:“Where are you from?” the boss asked me.The boss asked me where I was from.3.若直接引語(yǔ)是選擇疑問(wèn)句,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)則將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)椤皐hetheror”引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:“Do you want to go home or stay here?” she asked.She asked (me) whether I

20、 wanted to go home or stay there.三、祈使句1.引述表示命令的祈使句,常用tell, order轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Take down these paintings,” the teacher said to the student.(直接引語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)為said to)The teacher told the student to take down those paintings.(間接引語(yǔ),tell sb to do sth)注意 直接引語(yǔ)中的稱呼語(yǔ)一般當(dāng)作賓語(yǔ)用。2.引述表示建議、勸告的祈使句,可用advise, suggest等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:The owner

21、 said to the workers, “Please take a rest.”(直接引語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)為said to)The owner advised the workers to take a rest.(間接引語(yǔ),advise sb to do sth)3.引述表示請(qǐng)求的祈使句,常用ask, beg等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Dont let your dog bark during the night, please,” the neighbour said to him. (直接引語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)為said to)The neighbour asked him not to let his d

22、og bark during the night. (間接引語(yǔ),ask sb to do sth)“Please forgive me,” she said to her father.(直接引語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)為said to)She begged her father to forgive her. (間接引語(yǔ),beg sb to do sth)4.引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句,常用remind, warn等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Dont forget to mail the letter,” the wife said to her husband.(直接引語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)為said to)The wife

23、 reminded her husband not to forget to mail the letter.(間接引語(yǔ),remind sb to do sth)歸納 祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)形式多采用“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的引述動(dòng)詞有ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。四、感嘆句這時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)可以用what/how/that引導(dǎo)。如:They said, “How lovely the day is!”(直接引語(yǔ)為how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句)They said how lovely the day was.(間接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)閔ow引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

24、)They said that it was a lovely day.(間接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)注意 有些感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)述要根據(jù)原句的意思采用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞。如:“Happy New Year!” he said to me.He wished me a happy New Year.【練一練】 單句填空1.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light (travel) faster than sound.  2.Mary asked me I would go to the concert with her th

25、at evening.  3.He said they had insisted that she (start) immediately.  4.She said she (nurse) her father in the hospital since she came back.  5.He asked whether my son was going to Shanghai that day the next day.  6.Mr Wang told the children that he (leave) for Shanghai on busi

26、ness next month.  7.She said that she (write) a letter when he knocked at the door.  8.Tom told me that he would help me with my English next day.  9.She told me not (buy) any toys. She has too many baby toys.  10.She asked George he had anything interesting she could read.  

27、; 句型訓(xùn)練1.The doctor required that . (stay)  醫(yī)生要求她在家休息至少一周的時(shí)間。2.Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, . (leave)  琳達(dá)失望地說(shuō),她到達(dá)火車站時(shí),火車已經(jīng)開走了。3.I observed that he was very pale and asked him . (matter)  我發(fā)現(xiàn)他臉色非常蒼白,問(wèn)他哪里不舒服。4.He even before we finished our meal. (go)  沒等我們吃完飯,他就命令我們回去工作。5.The reporter asked the house prices. (measure)  記者問(wèn)政府是否會(huì)采取必要的措施來(lái)控制房?jī)r(jià)。 語(yǔ)法填空I had just sat down to watch news when I heard a knock on the door. A young man at