動詞-ing形式作狀語課件

1、 （三）（三） ing ing 形式作狀語形式作狀語 動詞的動詞的inging形式作狀語時，通常都形式作狀語時，通常都表示主語正在進行的另一動作，用來對謂表示主語正在進行的另一動作，用來對謂語動詞表示的動作加以修飾或作為陪襯。語動詞表示的動作加以修飾或作為陪襯。它可表示時間、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式它可表示時間、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨動作，相當于相應(yīng)的狀語從句?；虬殡S動作，相當于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。一、表示時間（置于句首，也可置于句一、表示時間（置于句首，也可置于句末）末）,譯為譯為_.相當于相當于_引引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。導(dǎo)的狀語從句。 1. Hearing the news, they all

2、jumped with joy. =_the news, they all jumped with joy.當干當干時時When/whileWhen they heard2. Seeing its mother, the baby smiled. =_its mother, it smiled.When the baby saw二、表示原因（多置于句首）譯為二、表示原因（多置于句首）譯為_.相當于相當于_引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。 1. Being ill, he went home.=_ he went home Not having received any news from ho

3、me for a long time, she is becoming more and more homesick. = _any news from home for a long time, 因為干，由于因為干，由于as/becauseAs he was ill,As she hasnt received三、表示條件（多置于句首）三、表示條件（多置于句首）譯為譯為_.相當于相當于_引導(dǎo)的狀語引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。從句。 1. Working hard, you will succeed. =_, you will succeed. If you work hard如果干如果干的話的話if1.

4、The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 四、表示結(jié)果（多置于句末）四、表示結(jié)果（多置于句末）譯為譯為_.相當于相當于_引導(dǎo)的狀引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。語從句。 =The snow lasted a week, _a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 2. His parents died, leaving him a lot of money.= His parents died, _ they _him a lot o

5、f money.所以干，結(jié)果干所以干，結(jié)果干so/as a result,so it resulted inas a result,left五、表示讓步（多置于句首）五、表示讓步（多置于句首）,譯為譯為_.相當于相當于_引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。的狀語從句。nHaving nothing to do here, we cant leave here.n= _nothing to do here, we cant leave here.盡管干盡管干although/thoughAlthough we have六、表示方式和伴隨（多置于句末）六、表示方式和伴隨（多置于句末） -ing -ing形式作方式

6、狀語或伴隨狀語，用來對形式作方式狀語或伴隨狀語，用來對謂語動詞表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明。一般來謂語動詞表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明。一般來說，說，-ing-ing形式表示的動作和謂語動詞所表示的形式表示的動作和謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。它沒有相應(yīng)的狀語從句可以代動作同時發(fā)生。它沒有相應(yīng)的狀語從句可以代替。替。判斷原則是判斷原則是:主句已有主謂賓，再出現(xiàn)主句已有主謂賓，再出現(xiàn)動詞且又無動詞且又無_連接，即連接，即是是_, 主動用主動用_;被動用被動用_; 未發(fā)生未發(fā)生/目的用目的用_. 1. She sat at the desk _a newspaper.=She was sitting at

7、 the desk and _ a newspaper.(read )and/or/but/so非謂語非謂語-ingdoneto doreadingread 2. Many people come to the theme parks _(look)for thrills and entertainment. 3. Theme parks try to make sure visitors leave _(know) more about their theme. 4. A second Disneyland was opened on the east coast, _(cost)betwe

8、en $500 and $600 million. 5. They walked on the way home, _(sing)and laughing.lookingknowingcostingTime permittingn注意： 五特殊：(1)“連詞 + v-ing形式”作狀語nwhile, when, before, although, unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語主語與主句的主語一致時，在簡化為v-ing形式作狀語時，通常可保留原連詞原連詞，形成“_”結(jié)構(gòu),從句主語必須_。如：nAlthough we have nothing to do here, we can

9、t leave here.n= _ nothing to do here, we cant leave here.n1. When they heard the news, they all jumped with joy. =_ the news, they all jumped with joy.n2. When it saw its mother, the baby smiled.n =_ its mother, it smiled.連詞連詞 + v-ing去掉去掉Although havingWhen hearingWhen seeing典型例題典型例題 _riding a bike

10、he fell down to the ground. A. As B. While C. As soon as D. Immediately析：析：B。分析語境邏輯可知跌到在地的動作發(fā)生在騎自。分析語境邏輯可知跌到在地的動作發(fā)生在騎自行車的過程中，因此應(yīng)用行車的過程中，因此應(yīng)用While方法揭秘方法揭秘分析分析ing形式動作與形式動作與謂語動詞動作發(fā)生順序，謂語動詞動作發(fā)生順序，從而確定前面是否加從而確定前面是否加when/while。(2) 若作狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致，若作狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致，在簡化為在簡化為v-ing形式作狀語時，要去掉形式作狀語時

11、，要去掉_，分詞就要，分詞就要帶上自己的帶上自己的_,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成_。nWhen the meeting was over, we all drove home.n n=_, over we all drove home.nIf time permits, I will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. n=_, I will attend the meeting to be held tomorrownWhile you are crossing the street ,you must be careful.n While_, you must b

12、e careful.原連詞原連詞邏輯主語邏輯主語/原從句原從句獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)/n+非謂語非謂語（doing/done/to do）主句主語是主句主語是_從句主語是從句主語是_.The meeting beingTime permitting主句主語是主句主語是_從句主語是從句主語是_.crossing the streetTrue or false: nWhen his homework had been finished, he went home.n= When his homework having been finished, he went home. ( )n= His

13、homework having been finished, he went home. ( )主句主語是主句主語是_從句主語是從句主語是_.FT相關(guān)練習(xí)：相關(guān)練習(xí)：1. Night_, we hurried home. A. falls B. fall C. fell D. falling命題目的：命題目的：本題考查分詞用法。本題考查分詞用法。 解題關(guān)鍵：解題關(guān)鍵：掌握分詞掌握分詞 做狀語的用法。做狀語的用法。 深度講解：分詞做狀語，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主深度講解：分詞做狀語，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語，否則就必須在分詞的前面另加分詞的主語（名詞語，否則就必須在分詞的前面另加分詞的主語（名

14、詞或主格代詞），這種結(jié)構(gòu)叫獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。其作用相或主格代詞），這種結(jié)構(gòu)叫獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。其作用相當于狀語從句當于狀語從句:As night fell, we hurried home. 也可用并也可用并列句表示：列句表示：Night fell, so we hurried home.2. Nobody _ any more to say, the meeting was closed. A. having B. have C. had D. has 典型例題典型例題 1. The moon _, we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B

15、. appears C. appearing D. appear析：析：C。該句意為：月亮出來時，我們在山腳下。該句意為：月亮出來時，我們在山腳下。Appearing 和和 the moon構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語。構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語。(3)“on / upon + v-ing形式形式”作狀語作狀語, 譯為譯為_.On arriving at the party, she found all the people gone= When she arrived at the party, she found all the people gone.nOn/upon arriving a

16、t the airport,we all were welcomed warmlynOn going into the kitchen, I turned on the light.n=_into the kitchen, I turned on the light.nOn seeing the snake, the girl was very frightened. n=_the snake, she was very frightened. 一到飛機場，我們所有人受到熱烈歡迎一到飛機場，我們所有人受到熱烈歡迎 一干一干就就一走進廚房，我就開燈。一走進廚房，我就開燈。As soon as/W

17、hen I wentTranslate it.Translate it.n一看到那條蛇，小女孩就十分害怕。一看到那條蛇，小女孩就十分害怕。 nAs soon as the girl saw(4)“副詞副詞thus + v-ing形式形式”作狀語。作狀語。My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.n(5) 固定結(jié)構(gòu)：固定結(jié)構(gòu)：nJudging from his appearance, he must be very rich.nGenerally speaking, his answer is right.譯為譯為_.就

18、這樣干就這樣干Translate it.我的車被陷于交通阻塞中我的車被陷于交通阻塞中,就這樣造成遲到就這樣造成遲到從他的外貌判斷從他的外貌判斷 ，他一定是很富有?？偟膩碚f，他的答案是對的?？偟膩碚f，他的答案是對的。neverything taken into consideration全面考慮。全面考慮。tired of .厭倦?yún)捑隺rmed with.武裝上武裝上n faced with.面對著面對著equipped with.裝備著裝備著lost in陷入陷入.之中之中exposed to 暴露在暴露在之中之中 compared with 和和比比 compared to把把比比(be d

19、one結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語謂語) seated in. dressed innConsidering (that)考考supposing (that) 如如果果 generally speaking 一般說來一般說來 frankly speaking 坦白說坦白說 nJudging from 從從判斷判斷 talking of說到說到Concerning setting aside. 開開nComing to 談到談到 allowing for. 考慮到考慮到【4個重點歸納】n1.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語必須與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。句子的主語一致。nOpenin

20、g the window, a butterfly flew into my study. ( )nOpening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study. ( ) 強調(diào)強調(diào)doing 與與邏輯主語邏輯主語是主動是主動關(guān)系，關(guān)系，動作與謂語動作與謂語同時進行同時進行Opening的邏輯的邏輯主語是主語是_它能發(fā)出此它能發(fā)出此動作嗎？能的話，是主動關(guān)系。動作嗎？能的話，是主動關(guān)系。X典型例題典型例題 1. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to help B. the

21、 area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help析：分析語境邏輯不難發(fā)現(xiàn)析：分析語境邏輯不難發(fā)現(xiàn)Finding her car stolen的動的動作應(yīng)由作應(yīng)由“她她”來完成，所以答案應(yīng)為來完成，所以答案應(yīng)為D。本題說明。本題說明-ing形式做作狀語時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。形式做作狀語時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。2. _ his key, he couldnt enter the room. A. Having lost B

22、. Losing C. To loss D. Lost析：分析語境邏輯可知丟鑰匙動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在進房間析：分析語境邏輯可知丟鑰匙動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在進房間的動作之前，所以該空應(yīng)選的動作之前，所以該空應(yīng)選B。本題說明。本題說明-ing形式作形式作狀語時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)的一致性。狀語時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)的一致性。方法揭秘方法揭秘解題解題 時應(yīng)牢記時應(yīng)牢記-ing形式作狀語時其邏輯主形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語，確保句子的主語在人稱、時態(tài)、語是句子的主語，確保句子的主語在人稱、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等邏輯角度完成語態(tài)等邏輯角度完成-ing形式所表示的動作。形式所表示的動作。2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞有一般式現(xiàn)在分詞

23、有一般式(_)和完成式和完成式(_)之分；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示分詞動作發(fā)生在之分；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。如：謂語動作之前。如：n_ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (2008福建) A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waiteddoing.having doneC3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的語態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞的語態(tài)n現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的被動語態(tài)

24、(_)表示某被動動作表示某被動動作正在進行正在進行；現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動語態(tài)；現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動語態(tài)(_)表示某被動動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之表示某被動動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前前n。_ many times, he finally understood it. （2009四川）四川）A. Told B. Telling n C. Having told D. Having been toldn4. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式:現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式是由現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式是由not +doing構(gòu)成的。如：構(gòu)成的。如：n_ that he was in great danger, Eric walk

25、ed deeper into the forest. (2008浙江浙江)nA. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realizedbeing donehaving been doneDChaving been donenCorrect the following sentences.n1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it.n2. The men worked for extra hours got an extr

26、a pay.n3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful.Not having現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式是由現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式是由not +doing構(gòu)成構(gòu)成working，作定語，主動，作定語，主動seeing，作時間狀語，當，作時間狀語，當看，表主動看，表主動n4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.n5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to th

27、e notice on the wall.n6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.n7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.speaking固定搭配固定搭配pointing-ing形式作方式狀語或伴隨狀語形式作方式狀語或伴隨狀語,與邏主主動關(guān)系與邏主主動關(guān)系Knock是主句謂語，用動詞原形開頭構(gòu)成祈使句，是主句謂語，用動詞原形開頭構(gòu)成祈使句，Youmaking作結(jié)果狀語，結(jié)果使得作結(jié)果狀語，結(jié)果

28、使得用所給詞的正確形式填空n1. It seemed that he avoinded _(get) too close her .n2. Reading is_,but speaking the language is also a kind of_learn)n3. The news that the chinese team won the gold medal was very _(encourage)n4.It is clear that your_English will be grately improved if you can practise _whenever you c

29、an .(speak)n5.I saw them-_(whisper) to each other; obviously they do not want to be heard by others.gettinglearninglearningencouragingspokenspeakingwhispering作賓語作賓語作表語作表語作賓語作賓語作賓語作賓語作定語作定語作表語作表語作賓語補足語作賓語補足語n6 I counted the people _(enter )the theatre, and there were 547 of them .n7. The man with sun

30、glasses _(stand )next to the car is a detective .n8_be ) ill ,he did not take part in the sports meeting.n9_(drive ) his car around is his main hobby. n10._(know) she had got injured ,he hurried to the hospital to see her.having entered作定語作定語standing作定語作定語Being ill作原因狀語作原因狀語Driving 作主語作主語Knowing 作時間

31、狀語作時間狀語The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 3. European

32、 football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 4. _ up at his father,he asked what was the matter with him. A. Having looked B. Looking C.To look D. Look 5. _ from his clothes, he is not so poor. A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D

33、.Judge 6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered -ing 形式作狀語考點及應(yīng)對方法形式作狀語考點及應(yīng)對方法 -ing形式作狀語是非謂語動詞重要用法，也形式作狀語是非謂語動詞重要用法，也是高考經(jīng)?？疾榈目键c，其熱點考查內(nèi)容如下：是高考經(jīng)?？疾榈目键c，其熱點考查內(nèi)容如下：一、考查一、考查-ing形式作狀語的類型形式作狀語的類型考點說明考點說明 -ing形式常作時間、

34、原因、結(jié)果、或伴隨狀形式常作時間、原因、結(jié)果、或伴隨狀語，可放句首或句末。語，可放句首或句末。典型例題典型例題 1. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 析：分析語境邏輯可知該空應(yīng)填析：分析語境邏輯可知該空應(yīng)填making作狀語，空檔作狀語，空檔前面的逗號是個驗證。前面的逗號是個驗證。2. The secretary worked late into the night, _a lo

35、ng speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing析：語境邏輯表明為董事長準備一篇長篇講稿析：語境邏輯表明為董事長準備一篇長篇講稿是秘書工作到深夜的伴隨性狀況，所以應(yīng)是秘書工作到深夜的伴隨性狀況，所以應(yīng)B作作伴隨狀語。伴隨狀語。方法揭秘方法揭秘 分析語境邏輯，弄清空檔是否作時分析語境邏輯，弄清空檔是否作時間、原因或伴隨狀語，從而確定空檔的非謂語間、原因或伴隨狀語，從而確定空檔的非謂語性質(zhì)；分析動作是主動還是被動，從而確定空性質(zhì)；分析動作是主動還是被動，從而確定空檔的檔的-ing

36、形式的語態(tài)；空檔設(shè)置在句子后半部時形式的語態(tài)；空檔設(shè)置在句子后半部時逗號是一個重要的提示。逗號是一個重要的提示。二、考查二、考查-ing形式作狀語與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系形式作狀語與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系考點說明考點說明 -ing形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語，此時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。主語，此時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。典型例題典型例題 1. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it wa

37、s looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help析：分析語境邏輯不難發(fā)現(xiàn)析：分析語境邏輯不難發(fā)現(xiàn)Finding her car stolen的動的動作應(yīng)由作應(yīng)由“她她”來完成，所以答案應(yīng)為來完成，所以答案應(yīng)為D。本題說明。本題說明-ing形式做作狀語時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。形式做作狀語時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。2. _ his key, he couldnt enter the room. A. Having lost B. Losing C. To loss D. Lost析：分析語境邏輯可知丟

38、鑰匙動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在進房間析：分析語境邏輯可知丟鑰匙動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在進房間的動作之前，所以該空應(yīng)選的動作之前，所以該空應(yīng)選B。本題說明。本題說明-ing形式作形式作狀語時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)的一致性。狀語時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)的一致性。方法揭秘方法揭秘解題解題 時應(yīng)牢記時應(yīng)牢記-ing形式作狀語時其邏輯主形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語，確保句子的主語在人稱、時態(tài)、語是句子的主語，確保句子的主語在人稱、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等邏輯角度完成語態(tài)等邏輯角度完成-ing形式所表示的動作。形式所表示的動作。三、考查三、考查-ing形式作狀語的創(chuàng)新形式形式作狀語的創(chuàng)新形式考點說明考點說明名詞、代詞名詞、代詞+ -ing形式可構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

39、形式可構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作作時間、條件、原因、或伴隨狀語，此時時間、條件、原因、或伴隨狀語，此時-ing形式的形式的邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。（一）（一） -ing形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語狀語典型例題典型例題 1. The moon _, we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears C. appearing D. appear析：析：C。該句意為：月亮出來時，我們在山腳下。該句意為：月亮出來時，我們在山腳下。Appearing 和和 the moon構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語

40、。構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語。典型例題典型例題 1. The moon _, we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears C. appearing D. appear析：析：A。 該句意為：如果天氣允許，我們今天下午去該句意為：如果天氣允許，我們今天下午去游泳。游泳。 permitting 與其邏輯主語與其邏輯主語weather構(gòu)成獨構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語。立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語。方法揭秘方法揭秘解題解題 時應(yīng)牢記時應(yīng)牢記-ing形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語狀語與與-ing形式作狀語用法完全相同，只不過獨

41、立主格結(jié)形式作狀語用法完全相同，只不過獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中構(gòu)中-ing形式邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。而形式邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。而-ing形形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語。式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語。（二）考查（二）考查when/while+ -ing形式作形式作時間狀語時間狀語考點說明考點說明 when/while+ -ing形式可作形式可作時間狀語，謂時間狀語，謂語動詞動作常發(fā)生在語動詞動作常發(fā)生在-ing形式所表示的動作的過程中。形式所表示的動作的過程中。典型例題典型例題 _riding a bike he fell down to the ground. A. As B. While C. As soon as D. Immediately析：析：B。分析語境邏輯可知跌到在地的動作發(fā)生在騎自。分析語境邏輯可知跌到在地的動作發(fā)生在騎自行車