中考書面表達(dá)

1、書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練 英語書面表達(dá)在英語考試中占20%的比重，15分，而我們學(xué)生在寫時(shí)或多或少會(huì)犯一些錯(cuò)誤。l 大病指：句子結(jié)構(gòu)、謂語構(gòu)成、詞序、語態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)等方面；l 小病指： 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、第三人稱單數(shù)、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫方面。為了避免出現(xiàn)此類錯(cuò)誤，我們應(yīng)注意以下幾方面： 一.注意中文與英文標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)差異 l 漢語中的某些標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)為英語所沒有： 頓號(hào)（、）：頓號(hào)在漢語中起分割句子中的并列成分的作用；英語中沒有頓號(hào)，分割句中的并列成分多用逗號(hào)。 注意：類似的情況下，最后一個(gè)逗號(hào)后可加and，這個(gè)逗號(hào)也可省略 書名號(hào)（）：英文沒有書名號(hào)，書名、報(bào)刊名用斜體或者下劃線表示。&

2、#160; 間隔號(hào)（·）：漢語有間隔號(hào)，用在月份和日期、音譯的名和姓等需要隔開的詞語的正中間，如“一二·九”、“奧黛麗·赫本（人名）”等。英語中沒有漢語的間隔號(hào)，需要間隔時(shí)多用逗點(diǎn)。-l 某些符號(hào)在漢英兩種語言中的形式不同。 中文的句號(hào)是空心圈（。）英文的句號(hào)是實(shí)心點(diǎn)（.）。  英文的省略號(hào)是三個(gè)點(diǎn)（.），位置在行底；中文的為六個(gè)點(diǎn)（.），居于行中。 英文的破折號(hào)是（-）中文的是（）二，注意語法項(xiàng)目人稱一致: Alice is my best friend, he likes sports. 時(shí)態(tài): He has gone to Gu

3、ilin yesterday.主謂一致: This pair of shoes are mine. The shoes are new.習(xí)慣用法: He helps me in my English. 4. 注意語序 (感嘆句，疑問句，賓語從句，倒裝句)What a nice student is she!She is a student, so I am.5、注意：重短輕長, 就易避難。 Mr Tang is the teacher that I like best.Mr Tang is a teacher, I like him best.試一試：Alice is my a best fr

4、iend, she come from Canada. she is very tall, hair is very long, he like sports. but I dont know if does she like swim? She likes chinese, and she do well in it, we all very like she.二，How can we write a good composition?1，文章的形成過程：單詞-短語，結(jié)構(gòu)-句子-文章可見：句子在書面表達(dá)中起著舉足輕重的作用，因此，句子的訓(xùn)練成為寫文章的必要手段之一。2，訓(xùn)練句子的方法： 方法

5、一：用以前所記憶的短語和結(jié)構(gòu)造句。1他總是鼓勵(lì)我們努力學(xué)習(xí)。2她的父母不允許她 晚上一個(gè)人出去。方法二:多記同義句和同義詞。他還沒到上學(xué)的年齡。He is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. He is too young to go to school. He isnt old enough to go to school. 方法三：仿寫v 例如英語九年級(jí)上有這樣一句話：v Im looking forward to this.(仿寫1) 我正期望著收到你的來

6、信。Im looking forward to hearing from you. (信尾使用）(仿寫2)我正期望著你的答復(fù)。Im looking forward to your reply. (仿寫3)我期望著暑假的到來。I look forward to the summer holiday.方法四：遇到難以表達(dá)的句子，可另辟蹊徑，化難為易，化繁為簡。1.我們應(yīng)該守時(shí)2.我們不應(yīng)該闖紅燈(traffic lights) /當(dāng)交通燈是紅燈時(shí),我們不應(yīng)該過馬。We shouldnt go across the road when the traffic lights are red.3書面表達(dá)

7、七步法：審：認(rèn)真審題，找出文章要表達(dá)的中心及要求。例子：節(jié)約資源,保護(hù)環(huán)境,從我們身邊的小事做起。Li Ming 是一個(gè)注重“低碳”生活的中學(xué)生，假設(shè)你是他, 請以 “My Low-carbon Life”為題，寫一篇80詞左右的短文，簡單描述自己的“低碳生活”。要點(diǎn)：(1)每天步行上學(xué); (2)離開教室時(shí)，關(guān)燈、電扇、電視等；（3）不用水時(shí)，記得關(guān)水龍頭，循環(huán)使用水；（4）充分使用紙張（5）不使用塑料袋。參考詞：on foot, turn off, tap(水龍頭), reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 寫作要求：（1） 內(nèi)容包括所提供的信息及要點(diǎn)，可適

8、當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐條翻譯；（2） 不得透露考生姓名、學(xué)校等信息。文章中心: 我叫李明(全部考生都叫李明)，我的低碳生活 要求: 1.80詞左右 2.寫作要求(1)(2)列：用簡單的句子和短語列出文章的要點(diǎn).1I go to school on foot every day./ I walk to school every day.2. remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans 3. turn off the tap. reuse water. 4. I make full use of paper.5. Dont use plast

9、ic bags 為了銜接緊密和避免逐條翻譯的嫌疑，可以在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤教砑邮吕蚓o密相連的話,然后連成句。1I go to school on foot every day./ I walk to school every day.2. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom.3. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example, whe

10、n I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. 4. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper.5. I use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when I go shopping. 加：加首尾，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整?？梢圆捎每偡挚偅挚偨Y(jié)構(gòu)。開頭和結(jié)尾應(yīng)注意簡潔，漂亮，最好采用開門見山的形式，結(jié)尾應(yīng)注意與題目或開頭相呼應(yīng)，并且要扣題有力。開頭：開頭：My

11、 name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. 結(jié)尾：Its important for us to protect the environment. Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 連：恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用連接詞，使文章層次清晰，各部分銜接自然。1. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often r

12、euse water. for example， when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers。2. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper 美：寫好詞句，美化文章。在有把握的情況下展示自己的語言功底。1.I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper. I make full use of paper

13、because I think saving paper is necessary .2.She can swim, so can I. She can swim, I can swim, too3. He helped an old man who was lost yesterday.He helped an old man yesterday, the old man was lost.但要注意：一般的同學(xué)一定要以寫正確/通順的簡單句為最基本要求，切勿一味地追求高水平，反而弄巧成拙。特別是第三句，我們班能正確運(yùn)用定語從句寫句子的人不多。 查：檢查1 格式是否正確 2 詞匯 是否用對 3是

14、否符合英語習(xí)慣表達(dá) 4時(shí)態(tài)是否正確5用主動(dòng)語態(tài)好還是用被動(dòng)語態(tài)好6標(biāo)點(diǎn)是否用對 7人稱是否用對8主謂是否一致9.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)等謄：謄寫。將檢查后的作文整潔地抄寫在橫線上 卷面整潔不一定加分， 卷面潦草一定要扣分。 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. I go to school on foot every day. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave t

15、he classroom. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water, for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. I never useplastic bags. I think saving paper is necessary, so I often make full use of paper. Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 三，用書面表達(dá)七步法寫這篇短文。假設(shè)我們班正在開展“爭當(dāng)文明學(xué)生”為主題班會(huì)的活動(dòng)，同學(xué)們在討論會(huì)上都踴躍發(fā)言。請根據(jù)下列詞匯，以“To be polite students”為題