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1、必修五 Unit 2 Learning about LanguageThe Past Participle used As the Object Complement目標(biāo):掌握過去分詞在句中做補(bǔ)語的用法。重點(diǎn):過去分詞做補(bǔ)語難點(diǎn):過去分詞做補(bǔ)語與動詞ing形式做補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別Step I 自我探究1. 過去分詞作補(bǔ)語時與賓語之間的關(guān)系Ill have my house painted tomorrow.明天我會讓人把我的房子粉刷一下。When I opened the door, I found the fallen leaves covering the ground.當(dāng)我打開門時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)落葉覆
2、蓋著地面。結(jié)論:過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語時,該動詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的_關(guān)系。 現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語時,該動詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的_關(guān)系。2. 可接賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞I have two men working for me in the company.我讓兩個人在公司為我工作Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.我明天去理發(fā)。He heard a man singing an English song in the next room.他聽見有人在隔壁唱英文歌。He heard an English song sung next door.他聽見隔壁嘗了英文歌結(jié)論:一般
3、只在兩類動詞后作補(bǔ)語:_動詞和_動詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示_的_動意義,過去分詞表示_的_動意義【思考】下面這句話中的賓語補(bǔ)足語由什么充當(dāng),表示什么意思?I heard an English song being sung by a little girl at the English evening when I passed by.我路過時聽見英語晚會上有個小女孩正在唱英文歌。結(jié)論:表示_做用being done.3. make, get, have, leave, keep, catch, set, let后接賓補(bǔ)的具體用法He made his workers work 12 hours a d
4、ay.他讓他的工人每天工作12小時。He tried his best to make himself understood.他盡力使自己被明白。make sb _使做某事make sth _使被He got me to post the letter for him.他讓我替他寄信。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后,上尉開始讓士兵們朝前線行進(jìn)起來。Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天要(請人)修一下我的自行車。get sb _讓/
5、使某人做某事get sb/ sth _使/讓某人做某事;使某物開始工作(表示動作正在進(jìn)行)get sth _讓某事被做He had his car sold last week.上周他把車賣了。He had his hair cut short yesterday.He had his leg broken while playing football.have sb _使/讓某人做某事 have sb/ sth _ 讓一直做某事 have sth _讓某人做/遭遇到/使某事被完成【思考】下面句子中體現(xiàn)出了什么語氣/意義?I wont have you speaking to your Dad
6、 like that.我不允許你和你父親那么講話。 have sb doing 用于否定句中表示_I have something urgent to inform you.我有緊急的事要通知你 have sth _表示有要去做Its wrong of you to leave the machine running.你讓機(jī)器一直開著是不對的。The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didnt taste delicious.大部分菜客人們都沒有動,因?yàn)樗麄儾豢煽?。He left, leaving me to do
7、all the rest work.他走了,留下我一個人去做剩余的所有工作。We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled.我們匆匆忙忙地結(jié)束了會議,留下了很多問題要去解決。leave sb _讓某人一直做某事 leave sth _留下某事未做leave sb _留下某人做某事leave sth _留下某事要走(不定式表_發(fā)生的動作)Keep the engine running. 別讓發(fā)動機(jī)熄火。You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你應(yīng)該讓我了解
8、他的行蹤。keep sb _使某人一直做 keep sb/ sth _使被He set the boys to carry water. 他讓男孩子們?nèi)ヌ崴?。Her last remark had set me thinking。她最后的話引起了我的思考。set sb _(=make sb do sth)讓某人干某事 set sb/ sth _讓某人開始做,讓某事發(fā)生She didnt let her anger show.她壓住了怒火。let sb/ sth _讓某人做4. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(1)定義: The moon appearing, they d
9、ecided to go on with their journey. His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her. 結(jié)論:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是分詞作狀語的一種特殊形式,分詞(短語)作狀語時,無論是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞,是一般式還是完成式,其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語_。否則,分詞前必需有自己的_,即用獨(dú)立
10、主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn): 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同,它_。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有_與主句分開。 (2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)基本構(gòu)成形式 名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞(過去分詞;形容詞;副詞;不定式;名詞;介詞短語) Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a di
11、stance 黑夜籠罩大地,誰也看不清遠(yuǎn)處黑壓壓的一片是什么東西。 There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于沒有公共汽車,我們只好走回家。 名詞(代詞)+_ The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
12、160; 由于工人們的生活條件大大提高,他們工作得更起勁了。 He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上課專心聽講,眼睛緊盯著黑板。 名詞(代詞)+_The four of us agreed on a division of
13、 labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 我們四人同意分工干,每人翻譯全書的四分之一。 Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more bea
14、utiful. 種上許多的樹、花和草后,我們新建的學(xué)??瓷先⒏?。 名詞(代詞)+_ 在“名詞/代詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中,動詞不定式和它前面的名詞或代詞如果存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,動詞不定式則用_的形式;如果是動賓關(guān)系,則用_形式。 The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse 特洛伊人睡著了,于是希臘士
15、兵從中空的木馬里悄悄爬了出來。 Computers very small, we can use them widely. 電腦雖小,我們卻能廣泛地利用它們。 名詞(代詞)+_ The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散會了,校長很快就離開了會議室。 The li
16、ghts off, we could not go on with the work. 燈熄了,我們不能繼續(xù)工作了。名詞(代詞)+_ His first shot failure,he fired again 他第一槍沒擊中,又打了一槍。 Two hundred people died in the accident, many
17、0;of them children. 兩百人死于事故,其中有許多兒童。名詞(代詞)+_He lay at full length upon his stomach,his head resting upon his left forearm 他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,頭枕著左臂,直挺挺地趴伏著。 Every afternoon a very old wom
18、an hobbled past the old house,a vast load of firewood on her back 每天下午,一個背著一大背柴禾的老婦人都會從那間破舊的房屋前蹣跚著走過。 名詞(代詞) +_ (3) with,without的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)The girl hid her box without anyone knowing whe
19、re it was. 小女孩把盒子藏了起來,沒有人知道它在哪里。without +名詞/代詞+_Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room. 她沒再說什么話就離開了會議室。without+名詞/代詞+_The kid feels excited with so many places of&
20、#160;interest to visit. 有這么多的名勝可參觀,小孩很激動。with+名詞/代詞+_ The boy was walking, with his father ahead. 父親在前,小孩在后走著。with+名詞/代詞+_He stood at the door, with a computer in his
21、;hand. 或He stood at the door, computer in hand. 他站在門口,手里拿著一部電腦。with+名詞/代詞+_With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. 由于兒子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快樂。with+名詞/代詞+_結(jié)論:with ( without)+賓語(名詞/
22、代詞)+賓語補(bǔ)足語,賓語通常由_或_充當(dāng),但代詞一定要用_格。上文的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種情況都適用于此結(jié)構(gòu)。 在with (without) 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,多數(shù)情況下with 能省略,但without 不能省略。【注意】 There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于沒有公共汽車,我們只好走回家。 It being Sunday, a
23、ll the offices are closed. 因?yàn)槭切瞧谌?,所有辦公室都關(guān)門。結(jié)論:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的being在下列兩種情況下一般不能省略,一是在“There being + 名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,二是在邏輯主語是代詞的情況下。 Step II:鞏固練習(xí)1. With _, some animals are facing the danger of dying out. (cut)由于越來越多的森林被砍伐,一些動物正面臨著滅絕的危險。More and more forests cut down2. The
24、 old couple often take a walk after super in the park with _. (follow)這對老夫妻經(jīng)常晚飯后在公園里散步,他們的寵物狗跟著他們。Their pet dog following3. This machine is very _. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (operate)這臺機(jī)器操作起來很容易。任何人在幾分鐘之內(nèi)就能學(xué)會使用它。Easy to operate4. I looked up and noticed a snake _ up the tree to c
25、atch its breakfast. (wind)我抬起頭來注意到一條蛇正蜿蜒爬到樹上去捕獲它的早餐。Winding its way5. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _. (break)湯姆問糖果制造商們能否把巧克力做的更易于掰成小塊。To break into small pieces6. Even the best writers sometimes _ for words. (lose)甚至連最好的作家有時也發(fā)現(xiàn)自己詞窮。Find themselves lost7. passengers _ only one pieces of hand luggage onto the plane. (carry)旅客只被允許帶一件手提行李登機(jī)。are permitted to carry 8. Claire _ an hour before her plane left. (have)Claire在飛機(jī)起飛一小時前讓她的行李進(jìn)行了安檢。Had her luggage checked9. Michael put up a picture of Yao Mi
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