模塊三Unit1知識點(diǎn)講與練

1、模塊三Unit1 知識點(diǎn)講與練Welcome to the unit1. sense n. 感覺；感官；意義 vt. 感覺到Eg. a sense of direction/ humor/ shame/ responsibility/ safety/ pride/achievement _ common sense _ make sense 講得通，有意義 make sense of 了解意義，理解.（通常用于疑問句和否定句） lose ones senses 失去理智 come to ones senses 醒過來；醒悟過來 in a / one sense 從某種意義上來說 There i

2、s no sense (in) doing 做某事沒有意義/道理 Can you _ _ _ this telegram? 你弄得懂這電報的意思嗎？ One day hell _ _ _ _ and see what a fool he has been. 總有一天他會醒悟過來，認(rèn)識到自己是多么愚蠢。 _ _ _ _ getting upset about the matter now. 現(xiàn)在為那件事苦惱是沒有意義的。2affect vt. 影響；讓.感動（常用被動語態(tài)） _ _ _ _, the weather _ the amount of rainfall. 眾所周知，氣候影響降雨量。

3、We were all deeply _/_ by the heros story. 我們都被那個英雄的故事所感動。辨析：affect 與 effect affect vt. 影響（affect sth = have an effect on sth） effect n. 后果（affect 影響的結(jié)果）eg. His new way of teaching produced a good _(效果)。 Scolding sometimes brings about a bad _ _(對有效果)a child.Reading1. observe vt.(1) 觀察；注視They observ

4、ed how the parts of the machine fitted together.他們觀看了機(jī)器零件的組裝過程。（2）注意到；觀察到 observe sb. do sth. 觀察到 做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的過程） doing sth. 某人 在做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的進(jìn)行） Observe + that 從句 I _ that some students were _. 我注意到有一些學(xué)生睡著了。 Someone _ them _ /_the hall. 有人注意到他們正在進(jìn)入/進(jìn)了大廳。變?yōu)楸粍泳洌篲提醒：observe sb. do sth. 用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要加to.(3) 遵守（規(guī)則，

5、法令等）Everyone should observe the traffic rules. 2 glance vi.看一下，瞥一眼 n. (c) 一瞥常用短語 glance at 看一下,瀏覽, 掃視 glance over/ through/ at 瀏覽 at a glance 看一眼就. at first glance/ sight 乍一看 give/ take a glance (at) (朝)一瞥 He glanced around the room. Tom glanced _the report and handed it to me. 湯姆瀏覽了一下報告后遞給我。 He cou

6、ld tell _ _ _what was wrong. 他一眼就看出了問題所在。辨析：look at, glance at, stare at 與 glare at look at 看，看著。把眼睛轉(zhuǎn)向目標(biāo)。 glance at 匆匆一看，一瞥。 stare at 盯著看，注視，凝視。表示吃驚，害怕，好奇等情緒。 glare at 瞪眼，怒目而視。表示憤怒的情緒。即學(xué)即用： The man is able to tell if the diamonds are genuine _ _ _（乍看一下）。 He said nothing but _ at her silently, which

7、made her frightened. (單詞拼寫) _ him and then try to copy what he does. A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch 3 sight n.(u) 視野；視力；視覺； n.(c)景象； sights(用復(fù)數(shù)) 名勝g常見短語： in/ within sight 在視野內(nèi)，看得見 out of sight 在視野之外 catch sight of 突然看到 at the sight of 一看見 at first sight 初見，乍看 lose sight of 不再看得見 lose ones

8、 sight 失明 She _ _ _ her own face in one of the shop windows. 她在一間櫥窗里瞥見了自己的臉。 The driver _ _ _ in an accident. 司機(jī)在一次事故中失明了。beat：其賓語必須是人或一個集體。是游戲比賽的專門用詞。4. 打敗 defeat：與beat同義，其賓語也必須是人或一個集體。尤指在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人。擊敗 win：表示在較強(qiáng)的競爭中取勝，其賓語常是game，war，prize，fame，battle等。 beat：著重連續(xù)地?fù)舸?，如毆打、體罰、海浪拍岸、心跳。hit：指打中，著重敲打或打擊對方的某一點(diǎn)。

9、 打 strike：著重“敲打，敲”，還有“打動”“摖火柴”“鐘敲響”“某想法突然出現(xiàn)在腦海”等含義 tap：一般指輕輕拍打的意思。I saw Jackson _ by Jack yesterday.He is still alive- I can feel his heart _.to _ a match on the wall 在墻上劃火柴5. wish for 盼望，企盼 翻譯：我們都企盼幸福/和平。_辨析：wish與hope wish/ hope to do sth. wish sb. to do sth. (hope 不能這樣用) wish sb. a good journey (h

10、ope 不能這樣用) wish (that) (虛擬語氣) + 主語 + did (were) （與現(xiàn)在事實相反） had gone (與過去事實相反) could/ would/ might do（與將來事實相反） hope (that) .(陳述語氣)翻譯：我們希望有一天去參觀長城。_我希望你能按時完成作業(yè)。_我祝你成功_我多么希望一年到頭都是春天。_他多么希望上星期在這里。_我多么希望明天他們會再來。_6.still 表示絕對靜止或安靜,只能用于物理上的安靜,強(qiáng)調(diào)靜止，不能指心理狀態(tài)。quiet “安靜的，寧靜的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有聲音，不吵鬧或心里沒煩惱和焦慮。silent 側(cè)重不說話，強(qiáng)調(diào)不

11、發(fā)表意見。不弄出聲響，但不一定沒有活動。calm 修飾人,表示人鎮(zhèn)靜自若；修飾物，多用來指天氣，海洋等平靜無風(fēng)。7。find oneself. 發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于某種狀態(tài) “ find + 復(fù)合賓語 ”結(jié)構(gòu)如下： find + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞 （表示主動，動作正在進(jìn)行） 過去分詞 （表示被動，動作已經(jīng)完成） 介詞短語 形容詞+ to do sth (此時常用it作賓語，to do sth作真正的賓語) At midnight, he found himself _ on the wet ground.午夜時分,他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在濕地上。 When he woke up, he found hi

12、mself _(tie) to a tree.當(dāng)他醒來時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被捆在一棵樹上。 When he came to himself, he found himself _and the light on.他蘇醒時發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在地上，電燈亮著。 You may find _ to accept your illness. 你可能覺得難以接受自己患病。8 pay back 報答；償還（借款） pay off 還清（債務(wù)）；取得成功 pay sb. for sth. 為付錢給某人 pay money for sth. 付的錢 pay sb. money for sth. 因付給某人錢 pay for

13、sth. 支付的費(fèi)用9。freeze vi&vt. (使)呆??；（使）凍結(jié)；（使）凍僵freeze _(過去式)_(過去分詞)_(現(xiàn)在分詞)freeze with fear be frozen with fear _freeze to death be frozen to death _freezing point 冰點(diǎn) freezing cold 冰冷翻譯：水在0 攝氏度結(jié)凍。_兩個男子在山上凍死了。_重點(diǎn)短語:1. in our daily life _ 2.affect one another_ 3. hold your nose _4. people with hearing prob

14、lems_ 5. sign language_ .6.even if / though_ 6. make great achievements _8.a sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste/touch_9. a sense of humor/direction/ shame/ acheievement_10. be lost in the fog_ 4.be covered in a grey mist _5. step out into the fog_ 6. the rest of _7. glance at_ 8. nowhere to be seen

15、_9. in sight _ 10. feel ones heart beating with fear _11. wish for _ 12. hold sb. still _13. reach out _14. stare up at _15. watch out for _16. hold sth firmly _17. rest for a while _ 18. a rare fog _19. pay back _ 20. be frozen with fear _21. a deserted street/village/ baby_ 22. The office is compl

16、etely deserted_Word power & Grammar and usage1. reduce vt. 減輕；減少；降低reduce sth. to sth. （從）減少到reduce sth. by sth. 減少了.reduce sth. by half/ ten percent 減少一半/ 百分之十reduce speed 減速reduce costs 降低成本 All the shirts were reduced _ 10. 所有襯衫都減價至10英鎊。 He _ _ _ from 100 to 90 kilos. / _ 10 kilos.他把體重從100公斤減少到90

17、公斤（減少了10公斤）。2. add vt. 補(bǔ)充說；添加；把加起來； vi. 增添（to） add that. add sth. up 把加起來 add.to. 把.加到.上去 add up to 總計 add to “增添”, 其賓語多為困難，歡樂等抽象名詞。 Shall I _ your name _ the list? 我可以把你的名字寫進(jìn)名單嗎？ The music _ _ our enjoyment. 音樂給我們增添了快樂。 All these figures_ _ _ 500. 所有這些數(shù)字加起來總數(shù)是500.3. turn down guess: 1) He turned do

18、wn his coat collar. 2) The radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little ? 3) Please turn down the gas. 4) He has turned down an invitation to visit the country.拓展：turn in _ turn on_ turn off _ turn up_ turn to sb. for help_ turn over _ turn out_用以上所給的詞組填空1) He never _ anyone who asked for his

19、 help.2) You are the only person I can _.3) For some reason she didnt _.4) Then she _ the water /gas/radio.5) The job _ to be harder than we expected.6) The thief was _ to the police.4. ring out （鈴聲，槍聲等）突然響起ring (sb.) back (給某人) 回電話ring off 掛斷電話ring (sb.) up (給某人)打電話 A number of shots _ _. 幾聲槍聲突然響起。

20、 Can you ask him _ _ _ _when he gets home? 他回家后你能讓他給我回電話嗎?5. cant help doing sth 忍不住做 cant help (to) do sth 不能幫忙做即學(xué)即用：1） Seeing the fat lady burst into tears, the children couldnt help _.A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. being laughed2) She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A. c

21、leaned B. cleaning C. clean D. being cleaned3) While doing shopping, many people cant help _ into buying things they dont really need. A. persuading B. being persuaded C. to persuade to be persuaded相關(guān)短語：1. an answer to the problem_ 2. go hungry _2. reduce pain _ 4. as long as possible _6. breathe in

22、 _ 6. sniff pleasant smells _7. take the pain _ 8. be related to _9. another 60 volunteers = 60 more volunteers_ 10. be in a better position _ 11. be linked to _ 12. make sense _13. have something/anything/nothing/much/little to do with _ 14. make use of _ make full/good use of_ make the most/best o

23、f_15.Later on _ 16. have high blood pressure_17. rather than do sth _ 18. sleep deeply _19. make ones way to _20. cant help doing sth _ 21. warm up _ 22. get close to _23. lose sight of sth _24. sweat with fear_25. all of a sudden _26. ring out _27. give sb the chance to do sth_Task & project1. rece

24、ive 客觀上“收到” accept 主觀上（愿意）“接受”He _ a gift, but he didnt _ it.他收到了一件禮物，但他不一定接受。2. whisper vt.& vi. 低聲說，耳語；n.（c）耳語 whisper(sth.) to sb. 對某人小聲說（某事）whisper sth. in ones ear 附耳對某人說 whisper about sb. / sth. 密談某人/某事 It is whispered that 有人私下說傳聞?wù)f In a whisper/ in whispers 低聲說 What are you two whispering abo

25、ut? She whispered to me that she felt afraid. It_ that he would soon die and he did. 有人私下說他將不久于人世，他果然死了。 They are speaking _. 他們在低聲說話。提醒：whisper 后面不能接雙賓語。如：whisper sb. sth. ( 錯) whisper sth. to sb. = whisper to sb. sth.(對)3. 辨析 likely, probable 與 possible (三者)均表示“可能的”，可能性由大到小依次為 probable likely poss

26、ible. 但用法不同：（1）likely 的主語可以是人，物或形式主語it，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語（人或物）+ be + likely + to do. 和 It is + likely + that 從句。（2）probable 的主語用形式主語it, 其常用句型為：Its probable that (3) possible 的主語用形式主語it，常用句型為：Its possible that和Its possible (for sb.) to do sth. It is _to rain. 看來要下雨了。 They are _ to come to attend the party. =I

27、t is possible/ probable/ likely that they will come to attend the party. 他們可能會來參加這個聚會。 It is _ to get there b bus. 可以乘公共汽車去那里。4. 辨析：wound, hurt 與 injure wound 一般指刀傷，槍傷，刺傷或在戰(zhàn)斗等中受傷；也可以指感情上的傷害。 hurt 指精神或肉體上的“創(chuàng)傷，傷害”，作不及物動詞時，意為“疼”。 Injure指意外傷害或事故造成的傷害。 Gunmen killed two people and _ six others in an atta

28、ck today. 在今天的一次襲擊中，持槍歹徒打死2人，打傷6人。 Several people were seriously _ in the accident. 好幾個人在事故中受了重傷。 Where dose it _? 哪兒痛？5. 表示倍數(shù)的幾個句型A是B的幾倍之大 （長，寬，高等）A is . times + the size (length, width, height, etc.) of BA is .times as + 形容詞原形（big, long, wide, high, etc.）as BA is . times + bigger (longer) than B A

29、sia is four times as large as Europe. = Asia is four times _ Europe. = Asia is four times _ Europe. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。 相關(guān)短語：1.grow dark_ 2. in the distance_ 3.set sail for our destination_ 4. manage to get on a lifeboat_5.go missing _ 6. sound like _7. hear a loud bang_ 8.taste sweet_9. hear the thunder ove

30、rhead_9. work out a plan_10.be grateful to sb. for sth._11.bang into _ 12. feed on _-13. compared to/ with_（常用作狀語）14. fly to _15. be likely to do sth._ 16. be attracted by_17. last for_ 18. make progress _19. follow ones advice_ 20. the latter/ former _語法專練: 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1. _ he is ready to help others i

31、s well-known. 2. _ he will attend the meeting is not decided.3. _ team will win the match is still unknown.4. _ we need is your help.5. _ he became a famous musician is known to all.6. Its a pity _ she has made such a mistake.7. That is _ I didnt attend the meeting.8. _ breaks the rule, he must be p

32、unished.9. The possibility _ the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.10. I have no idea _ he will be back.11. _ I am most interested in is American movies.12. _ he says is of no importance.13. _ he will come is certain.14. _ he is often late for class is more than I can

33、tell.15. _ is going to attend the important meeting has not been decided by the manager.16. It is possible _ they will complete the building in three months. 17. The news _ a professor from USA will visit our school spreads all over the campus.18. It depends on _ he is ready or not.19. You should ma

34、ke a decision _ you will go or stay.20. The idea _ we can master a foreign language in a short time is totally wrong.21._ he said at the meeting surprised us.22. _ you go or stay at home wont make any differences.23. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That is _ I got wet through.24. - What is

35、 the building? - Thats _ the medical equipment is stored.名詞性從句重點(diǎn)一、 It 在名詞性從句中的用法：1. It is time that(虛擬語氣)2. It is the first time that（現(xiàn)在完成時）3. It is necessary (important) thatshould do(虛擬語氣)4. It is likely(possible, obvious, clear, natural, certain,) that5. It is a pity(a fact, good news, no wonder,

36、 an honour, a shame, common sense, a common practice) that6. It turned out that; It happened that; It occurred to sb. that; 7. It is said(reported, believed, estimated, announced, expected) that;8. It is suggested(required, ordered) that(虛擬語氣)二、 What 與that 在名詞性從句中用法比較：That Tom fell off his chair by

37、accident got the classmates laughing.What Tom learned in university helps him a lot in his job.注：that 在從句中不作任何成分，what 在從句中必須擔(dān)當(dāng)主語或賓語。We have reached what is called XinJie kou.三、 賓語從句1. 一個動詞后跟多個賓語從句時，第二個開始的連詞that不能省略。He said (that) he didnt attend the party and that he didnt want to.2. 否定轉(zhuǎn)移I dont thin

38、k he is fit for the job, is he?I never thought that he would come for the dinner party.3. 有些不可直接跟賓語從句的動詞。I hate it when; I dislike it when; Id appreciate it if I will see to it that4. 與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換Jerry told us _ he had seen abroad. A. what B. all that C. all what D. all 注：本題四個答案都正確。答案C 可以看作all 是前面的us 的同

39、位語。 四、 主語從句a. 主語從句與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換 What is needed has been bought. = All that is needed has been bought.b. 幾個特殊句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 It is known to all that China has joined the WTO. = As is known to all, China has joined the WTO. = What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.五、 表語從句a. 表語從句中的虛擬語氣 My suggestion

40、is that we should carry out the plan as soon as possible.b. 幾個表語從句的切換 The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way. = He came late. Thats because his car broke down on the half way . = His car broke down on the half way. Thats why he came late.六、 同位語從句a. 與定語從句的區(qū)別 It is a fact

41、 that he has done his best. It is a fact that you cant deny.b. 同位語從句中的虛擬語氣 The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting. The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed.c. have no idea 后面跟同位語從句 I have no idea where Green Park lies.從A，B，C，D 四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳

42、選項。1. We wont give up _ we should fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether D. until2. The teacher spoke loudly _ the students could hear him clearly.A. so as B. that C. so that D. in order to3. You can have the magazine _ I finish reading it.A. in the moment B. the moment C. the moment as D. i

43、n the moment when4. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. The person B. Anyone C. Who D. Whoever5. The reason _ he was late for school was _ he had to send his mother to a hospital. A. that; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because6. Father made a promise _ I passed the exa

44、mination he would buy me a bicycle.A. that B. if C. whether D. that if7. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether8. _ the old mans sons wanted to know was _ the gold had been hidden.A, That; what B. What; where C. What; that D. What; if9. It is said _ _ was all _

45、 he said.A. that; that; that B. what; what; what C. that; which; what D. that; that; which10. He told us _ he had done. Which of the following is WRONG?A. what B. all that C. that D. all what11. He always thinks of _ he can do more for the people.A. what B. how C. if D. whatever12. The monitor suggested that we _ for a picnic on Sunday.A. went B. must go C. could go D. go13. _ Wang Feng looked after the old woman a whole year moved us all.A. That B. What C. When D. Why14. _ gets homes first is to cook the supper.A. Who B. Whom C. Those who D. Whoever15. It depends o