陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句講解與練習(xí)

1、述句、疑問句、祈使句和感慨句講解與練習(xí)一、述句 述句就是表達(dá)一件事情后者表達(dá)一種看法的句子。 述句的分類 述句可以分為肯定式和否認(rèn)式兩種。1. 肯定式 第一種：主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ) +其他，如 Lucy likes playing sports. I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week. She can ride the bike. 第二種：主語(yǔ) +系動(dòng)詞 +表語(yǔ)，如： This room is empty. We are good friends .2. 否認(rèn)式 述句的否認(rèn)式有以下三種： 第一種就是 Be 動(dòng)詞加，后面 not 構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句。

2、如： lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday. 第二種就是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞， 而且沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)時(shí)， 要用“ do/dose/did +not 構(gòu)成否認(rèn)。如： Idon litke music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit. 第三種：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用“助動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞 +not 構(gòu)成否認(rèn)。如:I am not going to play computer games. Harry must not go to school at nig

3、ht. We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、疑問句分為四種： 一般疑問句、 特殊疑問句、 選擇疑問句和反義疑問句。1. 一般疑問句通常以 be ,have ,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開頭，答復(fù)時(shí)用 Yes, No, 朗 讀時(shí)要用升調(diào)。2. 特殊疑問句是對(duì)句子某一局部的疑問句。 特殊疑問句的句式是：特殊疑問詞 +一般疑問句。疑問詞有 who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。如： who is our classmate? What does Kate do on Sundays?Whose

4、 cat is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Why don twe go together?Where were you last night ? How are you today?3. 選擇疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是提供兩種或兩種以上的情況， 供對(duì)方進(jìn)展選擇答復(fù)的句 子。選擇疑問句的句式是：一般疑問句 +or +可選擇局部。如： are the apples red or green ?選擇疑問句的特殊疑問句式是：特殊疑問句+0葉可選擇局部。女口： which girl is taller ,Sally or Jessica?選

5、擇疑問句的答復(fù)和特殊疑問句一樣，不能用yes或no，要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況答復(fù)。朗讀時(shí)，選擇疑問句在 or前面的局部要用升調(diào)，句末要讀降調(diào)。4. 反義疑問句的句式有兩種，一種是：肯定句述句+否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句是在述句的后面，對(duì)述句所說的實(shí)施或看法提出疑問的句子。附加疑問句。如：you know him ,do nyou ?另一種是： 否認(rèn)述句+肯定結(jié) 構(gòu)的附加疑問句。如：Sa ndy cantspeaki ng En glish ,can he?反義疑問句也要用yes或No來答復(fù)。如果述句局部的容是事實(shí)，就用 yes 答復(fù)，后面相應(yīng)的用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)；如果述句局部的容不是事實(shí)，就用no來回答，后面跟否認(rèn)結(jié)

6、構(gòu)。在翻譯時(shí)要注意 yes和no的意思。如: you know him ,don you? Yes ,I do .是，我認(rèn)識(shí)。No， I don不，我不認(rèn)識(shí)Sandy cantspeak English ,can he ? Yes ,he can 不，他會(huì)。No， he cant.是 的，他不會(huì)。在朗讀時(shí)，述句局部用降調(diào)，附加疑問可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1. 什么是祈使句用來表示請(qǐng)示、命令、勸告、建議等的句子叫做祈使句。女口： Sit down, please.Be careful!2. 祈使句的分類根據(jù)用途和功能，祈使句可以分為以下幾類表請(qǐng)求。如： Close the wi ndow ,

7、please.表命令。如Stop talki ng!表提醒或警告。如： Look out !The car is comi ng.表邀請(qǐng)。如： Help yourself to some fish.表示禁止。如：Don spit ! No parki ng!四、感慨句的結(jié)構(gòu)小學(xué)階段的感慨句主要有how和what引導(dǎo)兩種。1. How感慨句的結(jié)構(gòu)：how +形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，女口： how nice the boots are!2. what感慨句的結(jié)構(gòu)：What +a/a n + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，如： what a pretty girl she is !但是如果是可

8、數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，就可以去 掉句中的a/an.如: What expensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!穩(wěn)固練習(xí)()1. Where is the man?A. Un der the treeB. At 10:00C. Read a bookD. My mother()2. How do you go to school?根底題A. At 8:00B. IC. TodayD. By bike( )3. What he?A. Working B. His fatherC. At homeD. A teacher.( )4.

9、 What time do you get up every day?A. At home B. He C. Clean my bedroom D. At 7:00( )5. What she do this morning?A. is B. does( )6. How you do?A. areB. is( )7. Which is better, the red one _A. andB. or( )8. are you?Wonderful!A. How B. What( )9. is it today?It s Monday.A. What date B. What day( )10.

10、shall we go?In the moring.A. When B. WhoC. doD. didC. doD. did_ the blue one?C. butD. soC. WhoD. WhereC. What timeD. What languageC. WhereD. How()11. Excuse me ,can you tell me to get to the No. 1 Middle School?A. where B. which C. why D. how( )12. got the 100th gold metal in the Olympics for China?

11、- Zhang Yining .B. WhatC. WhenA. Who( )13 are you talking about?We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. What B. WhereC. Why( )14. do you visit your uncle?- once a week.A. How long B. How manyC. How often( ) 15. Excuse me! is the nearest bookshop?D. WhereD. HowD. How soonGo down the stree

12、t and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. whereD. who( ) 16. is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How old B. How manyC. How muchD. How often() 17. are you going? I m going to the library.A. WhoB. WhichC. WhatD. Where( )1 8. ? It s eight.A. What day is itB. What s five

13、 and threeC. How old are youD. What s your telephone number( )1 9. shall we meet in the park?What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D. Which( ) 20.a year does your school have sports meetings?Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How manytimes提高題)1.I want to be a personYang

14、Liwei.A. How, likeB. How, asC. What, likeD. What, asare you going to be in the future?)2.A. How longB. how oftenC. How soonD. How wide)3. sweater is this?I think it s Peter s.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Whosewill your father be back? .)4.is the Con fucia n Temple 孔廟)from here?It s about 10 minuters walk

15、.)5.A. How many B. How longC. How muchD. How farmay I keep these book?two weeks.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How soonis it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?About two kilometers.A. How oftenB. How farC. How soonD. How long( )7. will the foreign students be back from NanJing.In two days, I

16、 think .D. How fastA. How soon B. How often C. How far( )8. ?-The one behind the tree.A. Whose girlB. Who sthat girl C. Which girlD. Where sthe girl( )9. the population of china?A. How manyB. WhatC. How sD. What s( )10. is she?A. WhomB. WhoC. WhichD. When( )11. is the best, Tom, Jack or Tim?A. Which

17、 B. Who C. Whom D.What( )12 . milk do you need?- Three cups.A. How many B. How muchC. WhatD. Where( ) 13. ? I ve got a headache aancdough.A. What s your trouble?B. What s wrong with it?C. Can I help you?D. How are you?Two cups.Behind the tree.A. Whose girlB. Who s that girl C. Which girlD. Where s t

18、hegirl)1.the price of the pen?It s two yuan.A. WhatB. HowC. what sD. What s)2. Whose room is this?A. HeB. himC. theirsD. they)3. Whereyou just now?A. wasB. areC. doD. were)4. WhoA. dance)5. How manyA. peoplesbest in his class?B. dancingare there?B. people)6. Could you tell me, howA. goB. goesC. danc

19、esC. sheepsto the bank?C. wentD is danceD. meatD. to go)7.the weather like?A. WhatB. HowC. How sD. What sA. doesB. areC. isD. am()9.are you going to have dinner toni ght?A. WhoB. WhereC. WhenD. What()10.do you go to Hong Kong?-sorry ,I ve never been there.A. How longB. How ofte nC. How farD. How soo

20、n對(duì)劃線局部提問1. My mother goes to work by bike.your motherto work?2. There are six kites in the sky.are there in the sky?3. Classes begin at eight.classes?4. Its Sunday today.is it today?5. The cats are running up the tree.are the cats?6. He would like five cakes.would he like?7. They play football every Friday.they play football?8. Alla n will go back to En gla nd by pla ne n