英語中否定形式表示肯定意義的句型總結(jié)

1、英語中否定形式表示肯定意義的句型總結(jié) 英語中有些句子“貌相”（形式）否定，實(shí)則表示肯定的意義,甚至表示非常強(qiáng)烈的肯定意義。此類句子尤其容易出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解中給考生增加干擾因素。就此語言現(xiàn)象歸納總結(jié)如下句型,希望大家能夠復(fù)習(xí)之。1 can / could not.too can / could never .too表示“無論怎樣也不過分”。例如:·You cannot be too careful when crossing the street. 穿越馬路時(shí),再怎么小心也不為過。·You can never be too careful in performing an ex

2、periment. 做實(shí)驗(yàn)越仔細(xì)越好。 2 can / could not.enough意為“無論怎么都不夠”,表示強(qiáng)烈的肯定。例如:·I cannot thank you enough. 我對(duì)你感激不盡。·You can't be careful enough. 你越小心越好。3 nothing but表示“只有,只不過”,含肯定意義。例如:· We could see nothing but water. 我們只看見一大片水。·She does nothing but listen to records. 她除了聽唱片什么也不做。 4 nev

3、er too.to是對(duì)too.to的再否定,表示肯定。例如: · It's never too old to learn. 活到老,學(xué)到老。 It is never too late to give up prejudices. 放棄偏見永遠(yuǎn)不晚。 5not without 沒有就沒有；在這個(gè)句型中，使用兩個(gè)否定，用來加強(qiáng)語氣，表示肯定意義。例如：·One cannot live even a few minutes without air. 沒有空氣，人們甚至連幾分鐘也不能生存。·They couldn't have completed thei

4、r task on time without your help. 有你們的幫助，他們才按時(shí)完成了任務(wù)。注意： too not to 和 never （not） too to 這類雙重否定的句型，也表示肯定意義。例如：·The boy is too clever not to work out this maths problem. 這個(gè)男孩很聰明，不會(huì)解不出這道數(shù)學(xué)題。6 nothing if not表示“極其”,含強(qiáng)烈的肯定意義。例如:· He was nothing if not clever. 他很聰明。· The story was nothing if

5、 not interesting. 故事極其有趣。 7 nothing less than表示“完全是”,有肯定的含義。例如:· What he said was nothing less than a lie. 他說的純屬謊言。· His negligence was nothing less than criminal. 他的粗心大意無異于犯罪。 8too.not to表示“太不會(huì)不”,具有肯定意義。例如:· He is too careful not to have noticed it. 他那么小心,一定會(huì)注意到這一點(diǎn)的。His speech was to

6、o good not to stir the audience. 他的演講太好了，不會(huì)不使觀眾轟動(dòng)。 He is too foolish not to say it. 他那么傻，不會(huì)不把這事說出來。 注意：若把否定詞放到前面not too to 表示這并不太所以能。He is not too old to do it. 他做這件事，年齡并不9 no的否定意義很強(qiáng),和具有否定意義的名詞連用,來表示強(qiáng)烈的肯定。例如:·She is no fool. (She is very clever.) 她絕不是傻瓜。·There is no question that Mr. Smith

7、 is the boss. 毫無疑問,史密斯先生就是老板。 10雙重否定表示強(qiáng)烈的肯定。否定否定=肯定，加強(qiáng)句子的肯定語氣，這樣的雙重否定句被稱之為肯定型雙重否定句。例如:Nobody had nothing to eat. =Everyone has something to eat. 每個(gè)人都有吃的。I cannot/never see the film without being moved to tears”“I will never be unmoved when ever I see the film。=Whenever I see the film, I will be move

8、d to tears. John is not unable to do it. 約翰還是挺能干的。雙重否定表肯定的句型分類 1）謂語否定狀語否定 在這種雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語否定主要指“never實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”或“操作詞not實(shí)義動(dòng) 詞”；狀語否定指“介詞名詞/動(dòng)名詞”，要么介詞否定，要么名詞或動(dòng)名詞否定，而介詞否定的形式多表現(xiàn)為一個(gè)詞，即without。例如： You cannot make egg rolls with out breaking eggs不打破雞蛋，就無法做出蛋卷來。 （即：有失才有得。） He will not do it for nothing他不會(huì)無緣無故做這件事。（他做

9、這件事定有企圖。） She never came with out reporting some fresh instance of Wickham's extravagance orirregularity她每一次來的時(shí)候，都會(huì)講些有關(guān)威克瀚姆豪華奢侈生活的新鮮事。2）主語否定狀語否定主語否定指主語常由noword（比如no名詞、nobody、none、nothing、noone等，這些詞被稱之為絕對(duì)否定詞）來擔(dān)當(dāng)，或主語由not來否定。 In some countries no major business is carried on without eye contact, re

10、quiring facetoface conversation在有些國家，一切公事都要面對(duì)面地進(jìn)行，需要當(dāng)面交談。 There is no success without hardships 沒有磨難，就沒有勝利。（不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨，怎能見彩虹。） None of us will leave school without learning any thing我們畢業(yè)時(shí)定會(huì)學(xué)有所成。 Not a student has access to the library without showing his student card不出示學(xué)生證，就進(jìn)入不了圖書館。3）主語否定謂語否定 Nobody does

11、 not believe in him人人相信他。（無人不信他。） Not many students will not succeed in passing the exam大多數(shù)同學(xué)會(huì)通過考試。4）謂語否定賓語否定 I do not have nothing to say我有話要說。 We can't afford not to believe the missile attack我們不得不相信這導(dǎo)彈襲擊是真的。5）主語否定賓語否定 No one has nothing to contribute to society人人對(duì)社會(huì)都有貢獻(xiàn)。 Nobody has no access

12、to the sporting facilities人人都可以使用這些體育器材。6）主語否定補(bǔ)語否定補(bǔ)語覆蓋面很廣，包括名詞、介詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、分詞以及不定式等等，這些詞本身可以是否定形式（比如代詞nothing、nobody等），也可以被否定詞修飾（比如not補(bǔ)語），也可指那些含有否定詞綴的形式（比如形容詞、分詞的否定詞綴等）。 Nothing is nothing at all沒有一件事是微不足道的。（凡事都有重要性。） No smoking is harmless吸煙有害健康。 No place is left unexploited到處都已被開發(fā)。7）否定詞否定意義的動(dòng)詞/名詞

13、/形容詞/副詞英語中有許多詞語雖沒有被否定詞修飾或不含否定詞綴，但它們的意義卻完全可能是否定的，這樣的詞和否定詞連用時(shí)也會(huì)構(gòu)成雙重否定。 We don't doubt that he will succeed in carrying out the experiment我們相信他會(huì)做好這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。 There is no denying the fact that your action has affected her normal life不可否認(rèn)，你的行為已經(jīng)影響了她的正常生活。 Comrade Lei Feng was not reluctant to help others雷鋒

14、同志非常樂于助人。 For all his years, he is none the less vigorous and active他雖年老，但仍然生氣勃勃，精力旺盛。8）主句否定從句否定前面提到的都是特指簡單句中的雙重否定句的情況。很明顯，英語中主從句的雙重否定形式也是普遍存在的。而主從句雙重否定的兩個(gè)否定詞分別出現(xiàn)在主句和從句中。主句否定時(shí)常借助于一般否定詞（即not）或絕對(duì)否定詞（如no，nothing，nobody，never等）；從句否定時(shí)同樣也可借助于一般否定詞或絕對(duì)否定詞，但也可以使用一些含有否定含義的連詞，如until，unless等，或是否定含義的準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞but。 In

15、 the neighborhood there is nobody who does not know me在這兒，我絕對(duì)是個(gè)名人。 I never read novels that don't appeal to me我從不看不感興趣的小說。 You cannot take the books away unless you get the special permission from the dean除非你有系主任的特批，否則你不能把書借走。 There is no rule but has exceptions任何規(guī)則都有例外。 11not.until / till表示“直到才

16、”,具有肯定的意義。 not until 直到才；在這個(gè)句型中， until 可作介詞，也可作連詞。作介詞時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞或短語；作連詞時(shí)，后接句子。 not 后面接非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例如：She didn't stop working until 12 o'clock last night. 昨晚12點(diǎn)以前,她一直在不停地工作。 The bus didn't leave until all the seats were taken. 直到車上坐滿了乘客，汽車才開走。 People take no thought of the value of time until th

17、ey lose it.人們失去時(shí)間后才知道時(shí)間的價(jià)值 He did not go to bed until his mother came back. 直到他母親回來他才睡覺。 not until 也可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和倒裝句式中。例如：It was not until this morning that he finished the work. 直到今天上午，他才完成那項(xiàng)工作。 It was not until the next day that I knew that truth. 直到第二天我才知道真相。 12“否定詞 + so + adj. / adv. + as”結(jié)構(gòu),從反面表示“最”

18、,是一種強(qiáng)烈的肯定。例如:· It wasn't so bad as last time! 這次不像上次那么糟!· None is so blind as those who won't see. 沒有比視而不見的人更瞎眼的了。13not.for nothing中,not用來否定for nothing,從而加強(qiáng)了謂語的肯定意義。例如:· He didn't study law for nothing. 他學(xué)法律并沒有白費(fèi)。·Believe me, he did not fly into such a rage for nothin

19、g. 請(qǐng)相信我,他勃然大怒是有原因的。 14否定的感嘆句、疑問句常表示肯定意義。例如:· Isnt this film interesting? 這部電影難道沒趣嗎?·Who doesn't enjoy reading The Dream of the Red Mansion? 誰不喜歡看紅樓夢呢?(人人都喜歡看紅樓夢。) 15. 以Why don't you.和Why not . 開頭的疑問句往往表示邀請(qǐng)、建議、指導(dǎo)等,具有肯定意義。例如:·Why dont you introduce her to your parents? 你為什么不把她介紹

20、給你父母呢?·Why not come and see me tomorrow? 明天來看我怎么樣? 16. nothing （或 no + 名詞） but 只有；僅僅；Nothing but=only ，表示肯定意義，后接名詞、代詞、不定式等。例如：·No one but him in our class can swim across the river. 在我們班上，只有他能游過這條河。· She could do nothing but wait here. 她只好在這時(shí)等，別無他法。 其它的否定詞but1、not(no)butThere is no ma

21、n but has his faults. 人皆有過。No one believes but she will succeed. 人們相信他會(huì)成功。There is no one but knows him. 人人都認(rèn)識(shí)他。 17. 祈使疑問句;否定感嘆疑問句表示的肯定表示肯定意義。例如：·Isn't the film wonderful？ 多么好的一部影片??！ Wont you have some beer? 請(qǐng)喝點(diǎn)啤酒吧！Wont you sit down! 請(qǐng)坐呀! Isnt that beautiful! 多么美麗呀! Isnt she a sweet girl! 她

22、多么可愛啊! 18. hardly / scarcely when 一（剛）就；在這個(gè)句型中， when 是并列連詞，其前面的句子要用過去完成時(shí)，其后的句子用一般過去時(shí)。例如：·He had hardly/scarcely arrived when it began to rain. 他一到天就開始下雨了。·Hardly/Scarcely had he arrived when it began to rain. 他一到天就開始下雨了。 We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang. 我們剛到學(xué)校鈴

23、聲就響了。 He had scarcely escaped when he was recaptured.他剛逃掉就被逮住了。 He had hardly arrived when she started complaining.他剛一到, 她就開始抱怨起來。 19.no sooner than 一（剛）就；在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中， no sooner 位于主句中，主句用過去完成時(shí)， than 引導(dǎo)狀語從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)。例如：·No sooner had they got to the theatre than the concert began. 他們剛跨進(jìn)劇院，音樂會(huì)就開始了。 20

24、. can + not + be + 形容詞 + enough/can not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + too much （ highly ）越越好；無論怎樣也不過分；在這個(gè)句型中， not 可用 never 來替代。例如：·He is a hero. We can not praise him too much （highly）。他是英雄，我們無論怎樣贊揚(yáng)他也不過分。 21. 否定詞比較級(jí)( 相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)), 常見的句型是：have never + 過去分詞 + 比較級(jí)最；再?zèng)]有比更；該句型從反面表示“最”的概念。例如：·We have never seen a more in

25、teresting film than this one = This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen. 這部電影是我們看過的最有趣的影片。 I couldnt agree more. 我非常同意。Nothing is more valuable than health. 健康是最寶貴的。 22. can't （help） but 只好；不得不；必然；在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中， help 可省略， but 后面接不帶 to 的不定式。例如：·He can't （help） but admit that he w

26、as wrong. 他只好承認(rèn)自己是錯(cuò)了。23. can't help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事· Hearing the joke， we couldn't help laughing. 聽了這個(gè)笑話，我情不自禁地笑了起來。24. not + 含否定意義的詞綴的詞。例如：· It is not uncommon for a great scholar to be ignorant in everyday affairs. 一個(gè)偉大的學(xué)者，對(duì)日常事務(wù)無知，這種情況并不罕見。25.有些帶否定詞的短語,在使用時(shí)并不構(gòu)成否定意義,即表示肯定意義。例如:· He would go as soon as not. 他非常樂意去。·As often as not the buses are late on foggy days. 遇多霧天氣時(shí),公共汽車經(jīng)常晚點(diǎn)。 26. not