小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題四大基本時(shí)態(tài)

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題-四大基本時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人

2、稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形

3、(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How

4、does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練:一、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_     carry _come_&

5、#160;     watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_     teach_二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _t

6、hey often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her ba

7、by carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.     What d

8、ay _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7.

9、 I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_四、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Is     your brother speak English?       &#

10、160; _2. Does he likes going fishing?             _3. He likes play games after class.         _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.            

11、0;   _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為: 主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing?      但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：      

12、; 疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_     write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing    

13、 _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _     get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food     now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look

14、 . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.     9. Its     5     oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen

15、_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))_4Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))_三、將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：t

16、omorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱(chēng)互換。例如：We a

17、re going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1.問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2.問(wèn)干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. What is your fathe

18、r going to do with you this afternoon.3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going    to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 練習(xí)：一.填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a

19、picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time _ you _ _ meet?二.改句子。5.Nancy is g

20、oing to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6.           Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ meet at t

21、he bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.四一般過(guò)去時(shí)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。 2Be

22、動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化： am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt） are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent） 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。 3句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 否定句：didnt +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)

23、+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see

24、-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ ma

25、ke _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there

26、 _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑問(wèn)句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí) 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. I _ (wat

27、ch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) th

28、e floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：_ 一般疑問(wèn)句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 綜合練習(xí)一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday. 2. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 3. H

29、e _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now. 8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _. 9. I _ (watc

30、h) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday. 11. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car. 12. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 13. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean) 14. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)

31、15. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 16. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick) 17. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 18. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 19. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 20.What _ Mik

32、e do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk) 一、 選擇最佳的答案：1._Alice often play the piano? No, she _. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn't 2._ your penpal _ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live 3. Tom and Mike _ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am 4.I like _ very much. W

33、hat about you? A. dance B. danced C. dancing 5.The kite _ a bird. A. look like B. is looking C. looks like 6.Bill and I _ good friends. A. is B. are C. am 7.Sandy often _ his homework on Sundays . A. do B. does C. did 8. What do you usually do on the weekend? I _.A. went swimming B. go swimming C. v

34、isited grandparents 9.What do you usually do on your holiday? I usually _.A. saw elephants B. sing and dance C.took picture 10.I _ a student. I go to school _bus every day. A. is; by B. am; on C. am; by 11.I _ a brother. She _ a sister. A. have; has B. has; has C. have; have 12.You _ a student. He _

35、 a teacher. A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are 13.He always _ football games. A. watches B. watch C. doesn't 14.My best friend _ shells. A. collects B. collect C. often 15.She doesnt _ listening to the music. A. often B. like C. likes 16.My mother and I _ always watch romantic films. A. doesnt B.

36、dont C. do 17.-When _ he get home on Friday?-He gets home at four on Friday. A. do B. does C. did 18,.Summer _ spring. A. comes after B. comes in C.comes before19.Every one _ to their teacher in the classroom. A.are listening B. is listening C. listen 20.They are singing and _ together at the party

37、now. A. dance B. danced C. dancing 21. Listen! The birds _. A. is singing B. are sing C. are singing 22.Look! The kite _ in the sky. A. fly B. flies C. is flying 23.They _ riding a forse. A. is B. are C. am 24.Kate _ playing chess. A. am B. is C. are 25.Are you washing clothes？ A. Yes, you are B. Ye

38、s, I am C. No, I am 26.Is he _ TV？Yes, he is. A. watch B. watching C. not 27._ they taking pictures.? Yes, they are. A. Am B. Be C. Are 28.Its 10 oclock. Ben _ TV in the bedroom. A. watch B. is watching C. watches 29.I _presents for my parents yesterday. A. buyed B. bought C. buying 30. Susan _ swim

39、ming yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went 31. Danny _ breakfast five times last week. A.eat B. ate C. eated 32.Last Sunday_ Tree Planting Day. A. is B. were C. was 33.I _ a lot from our textbook. A. learned B. learnes C. learning 34.We _ to the zoo and _ a lot of animals yesterday. A. go; see B. went; s

40、aw C. goes; sees 35.What did you do last weekend ? -I _ A. read a book B. wash the clothes C. go fishing 36.What did you do on your holiday? I _A. bought a present B. go skiing C. learn English 37.What did he _ yesterday? He _ his homework. A. did; did B. do; did C. do; do 38.Yesterday my presents a

41、nd I _ our house. A. were cleaning B. cleaned C. are going to clean 39.What _ to trees in the different seasons?A. happen B. happens C. happened 40.Last summer. I _ in the lake and played on the beach. A. swim B. swam C. will swim 41. Did you eat good food in China? _. A. Yes, I do B. No, I didnt C.

42、 No, I did 42.We played basketball _. A. sometimes B. on Saturdays C. last Saturday 43.Im going to _ some chopsticks _ Sunday afternoon. A. bought; on B. buy; on C. buy; on 44.When are you going to Hong Kong? Im going there _ . A. this weekend B. by plane C. yesterday 45.Im going to_ my friends this

43、 weekend. A. visit B. visited C. visiting 46.Im going to_ homework tomorrow. A. does B. do C. did 47.Are you going to take a piano class? _ A. No, we not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am 48.I am _ eat breakfast at 7:15. A. will B. going to C. shall 49.We are going to _ to the park tomorrow. A. go B. goes C.

44、 going 50.What film are you going to _ ? A. see B. watch C. look 51.We _ a play tomorrow. Will you please join us? A. are going to see B. saw C. sees 52.He _ a race with Ming Ming. A. shall have B. will have C. going to have 53.Where _ you go tomorrow? A. are B. will C. shall 54._ his brother going

45、to climb mountains? A. Is B. Are C. Am 55.Look! It _. A. will snowing B. is going to snow C. snows 56.I _ free this afternoon. A. be B. will be C. going to be 57.They will _ roast ducks in Beijing.A.ate B. eats C. eat 58.I _ visit my friends this weekend. A. go to B. am going to C. going to 二、 選擇最佳的

46、答案：1._Alice often play the piano? No, she _. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn't 2._ your penpal _ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live 3. Tom and Mike _ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am 4.I like _ very much. What about you? A. dance B. danced C. dancing 5.The kite _ a bird. A. look like B. is looking C. looks like 6.Bill and I _ good friends. A. is B. are C. am 7.Sandy often _ his homework on Sundays . A. do B. does C. did 8. What do you usually do on the weekend? I _.A. went swimming B. go swimming C. visited grandparents 9.What do you usually d