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1、句子的成分1 名詞 Nouns (n.) 表示人或事物的名稱 box,pen,tree,apple 2 代詞 Pronouns (pron.)代替名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞We,this,them,myself 3形容詞 Adjectives(adj.) 用來修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特征 good,sad,high,short 4 數(shù)詞 Numerals(num.)表示數(shù)目或順序 one,two,first 5 動(dòng)詞 Verb (v.) 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) Jump,sing,visit vt.是及物動(dòng)詞 vt后必須跟賓語:sing a song vi.是不及物動(dòng)詞 vi后不直接帶賓語或不帶賓語:jump

2、 high6 副詞 Adverbs(adv.) 修飾動(dòng)、形、副等詞,表示動(dòng)作特征 there,widely,suddenly 7 冠詞 Articles (art.) 用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞所指的范圍 a,an,the 8 介詞 Prepositions (prep.) 用在名詞或代詞前,說明它與別的詞的關(guān)系 in,on,down,up 9 連詞 Conjunctions (conj.) 表示人或事物的名稱if,because,but 10 感嘆詞 Interjections (int.) 代替名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞等 oh,hello,hi,yeah 句子是由詞按一定語法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的,能表達(dá)一個(gè)

3、完整的概念的語言單位。句子的開頭第一個(gè)字母必須要大寫,結(jié)尾要有句號“.”,問號“?”或感嘆號“!”。句子的成分組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子的成分。英語的基本成分有七種:主語(Subject)、謂語(Predicate)、表語(Predicative)、賓語(Object)、定語(attribute)、狀語(adverbial) 和補(bǔ)語(complement)。主語和謂語是句子主體部分(在英文中一般的句子必須有主語和謂語)。表語、賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語是謂語里的組成部分。其他成分如定語和狀語是句子的次要部分。下面我們分別講述一下句子的各個(gè)成分:1 主語主語是謂語講述的對象,表示所說的“是什么”或“是誰”

4、。一般由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語來充當(dāng)。它在句首。We study in No.1 Middle School.(講述“誰”) 我們在一中學(xué)習(xí)。To teach them English is my job. (不定式作主語) 教他們英語是我的工作。注意 : 不定式作主語時(shí),常用形式主語it句型,因此左例可變?yōu)镮t is my job to teach them English. (真正的主語是to teach them English.)2 謂語說明主語“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么樣”。謂語(謂語部分里主要的詞)必須用動(dòng)詞。謂語和主語在人稱和數(shù)兩方面必須一致。它在主語后面。

5、 His Parents are doctors. (系動(dòng)詞和表語一起作謂語) 他的父母親是醫(yī)生。She looks well.(系動(dòng)詞和表語一起作謂語) 她看起來氣色(面色)很好。We study hard.(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語) 我們努力學(xué)習(xí)。We have finished reading the book. (助動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起作謂語)我們已經(jīng)看完了這本書。He can speak English. (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語)他會(huì)說英語。3 表語表語說明主語“是什么”或者“怎么樣”,由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、不定式及相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語來擔(dān)任。它的位置在系動(dòng)詞后面。You l

6、ook younger than before.(形容詞作表語) 你看起來比以前年輕。I am a teacher.(名詞作表語) 我是個(gè)老師。Everybody is here.(副詞作表語) 所有的人都出席了。They are at home now.(介詞短語作表語) 他們現(xiàn)在在家。My job is to teach them English.(不定式作表語) 我的工作是教他們英語。4 賓語賓語是動(dòng)作、行為的對象,由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語來擔(dān)任,它和及物動(dòng)詞一起說明主語做什么,在謂語之后。(直接賓語、間接賓語詳見后面五種基本句型)。She is playing the

7、 piano now.(名詞作賓語) 她正在彈鋼琴。He often helps me.(代詞作賓語) 他常常幫助我。He likes to sleep in the open air.(不定式作賓語) 他喜歡在露天睡覺。We enjoy living in China.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語) 我們高興住在中國。5狀語狀語用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、程度等意義,一般由副詞、介詞短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來表示。狀語一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。(詳見副詞)He did it carefully.(副詞作狀語) 他仔細(xì)、認(rèn)真地做這項(xiàng)工作。Wi

8、thout his help,we couldn't work it out. (介詞短語作狀語) 如果沒有他的幫助,我們不可能解決這個(gè)問題。 (In order) to catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.(不定式作目的狀語) 為了趕上我的同學(xué),我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。 6 定語定語是用來修飾名詞或代詞的。形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語等都可以擔(dān)任定語。因?yàn)樗切揎椕~或代詞的,而名詞和代詞又可以作主語,還可以作表語和賓語,所以定語的位置很靈活,凡是有名詞、代詞的地方都可以有定語。 The black

9、 bike is mine. 主語部分(形容詞作定語) 這輛黑色的自行車是我的. What is your name? 表語(代詞作定語) 你叫什么名字? They made paper flowers. 賓語(名詞作定語) 他們生產(chǎn)紙花。 The boys in the room are in Class Three Grade One. (介詞短語作定語) 這間屋子里的男孩們是一年級三班的. I have something to do.(不定式作定語) 我還有一些事去做.五種基本句型句子是由主語、謂語動(dòng)詞、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等組成的,依其組合方式可分為五種基 五種基本句型見下表 種類

10、句型主語S謂語動(dòng)詞V表語P賓語O賓補(bǔ)OC1S+V+PWeare(系動(dòng)詞)students2S+VWework(不及物)3S+V+OHeplays(及物)the piano4S+V+O+OCHemade(及物)the boylaugh5S+V+ino(間接賓語) +DO(直接賓語)Shegave(及物)me a pen 一、主(語)謂(語) S V主語(略)能做謂語的在十大詞類中只有一種詞類:動(dòng)詞,也就是說只有動(dòng)詞具有作謂語的“專利”,所以我們往往把“謂語”和“動(dòng)詞”連在一起叫做“謂語動(dòng)詞”。 為了更好地理解這個(gè)句型以及下面的三個(gè)句型,在這里我需要補(bǔ)充說明兩點(diǎn):一、賓語 二、及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞

11、 。賓語,是動(dòng)詞作用的對象,通常是由名詞或代詞來充當(dāng)(想一想:主語是由什么充當(dāng)?shù)??),從位置上來看,位于謂語動(dòng)詞之后,例如:He reads English .在這里English 就是作reads 的賓語。在英語中,賓語通常是做動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語即構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語或介賓短語(介詞短語),也就是說,做賓語的,要么是做動(dòng)詞的賓語,要么是做介詞的賓語,二者必居其一。 有些動(dòng)詞后面通常直接跟用作賓語的名詞或代詞。在語法上,這些動(dòng)詞稱為“及物動(dòng)詞”,有些動(dòng)詞后面通常不直接跟賓語,這些動(dòng)詞稱為“不及物動(dòng)詞”,例如:I like English .其中的 like 是及物動(dòng)詞。秘訣一、 及物動(dòng)詞后面必須加賓語,

12、因?yàn)椴患淤e語,句意就不完整了。秘訣二 、及物動(dòng)詞后面直接加賓語,不及物動(dòng)詞后是不能直接加賓語,但有些不及物動(dòng)詞后面加介詞或副詞之后就可以加賓語了(例如:look 是典型的不及物動(dòng)詞,后面是不能接賓語的,但是如果加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~就可以跟賓語如look at the blackboard 、look for the child 、look after his mother等等)。秘訣三、 絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可以作及物動(dòng)詞也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞 ,只作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞是很少一部分。只能當(dāng)不及物動(dòng)詞的詞 sleep 睡覺 walk 步行 swim 游泳 happen(take place)發(fā)生 go去

13、 come來 work 工作 laugh 笑 stay呆在 arrive 到達(dá)請觀察,他“身影”經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在哪里?回答這個(gè)問題之前,我們需要對狀語的各路神仙加以分類,看看他們都屬于那路神仙,I get up at six. (我在六點(diǎn)種起床) 介詞短語在此處是表示時(shí)間的,是時(shí)間狀語(上帝呀,你不會(huì)又發(fā)出疑問吧,什么是介詞短語呀,介詞大家都知道吧,如in 、on、 under 等等之類的,如果介詞后面加上了賓語,就把它叫做介詞短語,如:in the room、on the desk、under the table )。介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語的很多,類似的如:on Sunday. in Septembe

14、r ,in 2008 等等,副詞也可作時(shí)間狀語,如:already (已經(jīng)) before(以前) now (現(xiàn)在) yesterday (昨天) today(今天) tomorrow (明天)soon(不久),這些應(yīng)該熟記之。表示時(shí)間就是時(shí)間狀語,那表示地點(diǎn)的呢? 對嘍,就是地點(diǎn)狀語。He did his homework at home (他在家做的家庭作業(yè))介詞短語在此處是表示地點(diǎn)的,是地點(diǎn)狀語。副詞也可作地點(diǎn)狀語,如:here(這兒)、 there(那兒)、 up(上面) 、down(下面) 、upstairs(樓上)、 downstairs(樓下) 、 anywhere(任何地方)等

15、等。He is often late. (他經(jīng)常遲到) 副詞在這里是作頻度狀語,表示經(jīng)常。常見的還有always(總是) 、ever(曾經(jīng))、 never(從來不)、seldom(很少,不常) 、sometimes (有時(shí))、usually(通常)等等She danced beautifully. (她舞姿優(yōu)美) 副詞在這里是作方式狀語,是來修飾動(dòng)詞“跳舞”的,類似的還有:quickly(很快的)、 bravely (勇敢地) happily (高興地)、 fast(很快地) 、well (好地)He speaks English very well. (他的英語說的很好)副詞在這里是作程度狀

16、語,是修飾副詞well的,類似的還有:very quite too 等等。哇!關(guān)于狀語的種類,我說了這么多,想必大家都已煩了吧,但是我在這里說的都是常見的狀語,列出的例子大家應(yīng)該熟記?!敖舛尽睜钫Z之秘訣一、 狀語通常是有副詞、介詞短語來充當(dāng),是來說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分。秘訣二、 狀語通常是來修飾謂語動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞。秘訣三、 地點(diǎn)狀語、時(shí)間狀語出現(xiàn)的頻度最高,而且二者都可由介詞短語、副詞充當(dāng)。其他的狀語大都是有副詞充當(dāng)。秘訣四、 時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語的位置比較靈活,可以在句首、句中、句尾。不過通常的位置在句尾。如果時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語同時(shí)在一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn),一般情況下,地點(diǎn)狀語在前,時(shí)間狀語

17、在后。秘訣五、 頻度副詞的位置一般在謂語動(dòng)詞之前,be動(dòng)詞之后或助動(dòng)詞(如 havehascan等)與一般行為動(dòng)詞(如runworkdraw)之間。二、主語謂語賓語 S V O此句型是由三部分組成,主語、謂語、賓語。(想想看,該謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是及物動(dòng)詞還是不及物動(dòng)詞)這三種成分在上面都已經(jīng)講過。這里要對賓語作進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明,大家知道,賓語主要是由名詞和代詞充當(dāng)?shù)?,其?shí),作賓語常見的還有:動(dòng)詞不定式(to do )/ 動(dòng)名詞(doing ),比如:He wanted to go home ( to go home )作want 的賓語;He likes listening to music (

18、listening to music ) 作like 的賓語。需要注意的是:動(dòng)詞后面接名詞或代詞作賓語對所有及物動(dòng)詞都行得通的,但并不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞后面都可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞。這里有三種情況:其一、有些動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)詞不定式,其二、有些動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)名詞,其三、有些動(dòng)詞兩者都可以接,記憶這些單詞的用法的秘訣如下:秘訣之一:下面的動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)名詞,一句話要決記之: “megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃) mind(介意)、miss(錯(cuò)過)、enjoy(喜歡)、give up(放棄)、admit(承認(rèn))、avoid(避免)、finish(完成)、escape(逃脫)、practis

19、e(練習(xí))、suggest(建議)秘訣之二:下面的動(dòng)詞后面只可以接動(dòng)詞不定式,一句話要訣記之:“要想干,同意辦,愿意不愿意,決定盡量干。”A.要求,想要,希望(want、wish、hope、expect、intend、mean) B.同意(agree、promise) C.意愿(care、hate、refuse) D.決定,企圖(determine、decide、offer、attempt、try、manage)秘訣之三:下面的動(dòng)詞既可以跟動(dòng)名詞又可跟動(dòng)詞不定式 begin to do something doing something.start to do something doing

20、something.continue to do something doing something.forget to do something doing something.remember to do something doing something.regret to do something doing something.like to do something doing something.love to do something doing something.hate to do something doing something.try to do something

21、 doing something mean. To do something doing something.Stop to do something doing something練習(xí)一:判斷下列句子是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)還是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),如果是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)請指出是由什么充當(dāng)?shù)馁e語(名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、doing 等等)1 He arrived yesterday.2 The boy is crying loudly.3 She died in 2000.4 The man disappeared in the street.5 I like music.6 She wanted some help7

22、I slept well last night.8 Tom built a house last year.9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday10 .Tom often swims in the river三、主(語) 系(動(dòng)詞) 表(語) S V P系動(dòng)詞是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞的簡稱,顧名思義,它是起到聯(lián)系作用的動(dòng)詞,是連接主語和表語的。系動(dòng)詞的數(shù)量是有限的,常見的只有十來個(gè),我們把它們分成四組,這樣有助于我們記憶系動(dòng)詞:一 be動(dòng)詞類: am、 is 、are 、was 、were 二 表示變化類:become、 get 、 turn 、 gro

23、w 、go 三 感官動(dòng)詞類: 眼(look )耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel) 四 表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞 :remain 、stay 、keep經(jīng)常會(huì)有學(xué)生問“啥是表語呀?”答曰:表語有兩個(gè)特征:一從位置上來講,它總是在系動(dòng)詞后面(系動(dòng)詞和表語關(guān)系甚為緊密,沒有系動(dòng)詞,就沒有表語:沒有表語,就沒有系動(dòng)詞,正所謂“皮之不存,毛將焉附”)。二從意義上講,表語通常是來說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征的。表語通常是由形容詞、介詞短語、名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、doing 等來充當(dāng)。練習(xí)二:找出下面句子中的主語、系動(dòng)詞及表語,并指出主語和表語分別是由什么詞性或詞類來充當(dāng)?shù)摹? Kate wa

24、s here yesterday.2 My father became a teacher in 1978.3 The weather gets hot in summer.4 She looks beautiful.5 The flower smells good.6 We were very happy.7 You are right.8 The soup tastes delicious.9 The chair is yours. 10 The children are asleep. 四 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語S V ino(間接賓語) DO(直接賓語) She gave(及物

25、) me a pengive me a book.一人一物做賓語就是雙賓語.說得明白一點(diǎn),雙就是兩個(gè)的意思。 此句型的關(guān)鍵是記住哪些動(dòng)詞后面要接雙賓語,因?yàn)椴⒉皇撬械募拔飫?dòng)詞后面都可以接賓語的,只有少數(shù)的動(dòng)詞。此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞后接兩個(gè)賓語:前一個(gè)賓語稱為"間接賓語",多由代詞或名詞充當(dāng);后一個(gè)賓語稱為"直接賓語",往往由名詞充當(dāng)。這類句型常有"給某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留給某人某物"等意思。(所有能帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞含義的內(nèi)核含有一個(gè)“給”字。常見的這類謂語動(dòng)詞有:give(給某人),br

26、ing(帶給某人), bring somebody somethingtell(告訴某人), tell somebody somethingsend(送給某人), send somebody somethingleave(留給某人), leave somebody somethingpass(遞給某人), pass somebody somethingread(給某人讀), read somebody somethingwrite(給某人寫), write somebody somethingtake(給某人拿), take somebody somethingshow(給某人看), show

27、 somebody somethingteach(教給某人), teach somebody somethingget(給某人弄到), get somebody somethinglend(借給某人), lend somebody somethingbuy(給某人買), buy somebody somethingpay(支付給某人), pay somebody somethinghand(遞給某人) 。hand somebody something 帶雙賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)的動(dòng)詞(分為A、B兩類)A:動(dòng)詞后加togive 給 show給看 send寄,打電報(bào) bring帶 read讀

28、pass遞給 lend借給 leave留給 hand交給 tell告訴 return把還給 write給寫信 throw扔 promise答應(yīng) refuse 拒絕B:動(dòng)詞后加for make生產(chǎn),制造 buy買 do做 get得到 play演奏 order命令 sing唱歌 pay為交錢五、主語謂語賓語 賓語補(bǔ)足語 S V O OC這個(gè)句型在有的語法書上又叫做主語謂語復(fù)合賓語,這里的復(fù)合賓語=賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語,這里又新增加一個(gè)“東東”:賓語補(bǔ)足語。說起賓語補(bǔ)足語來,我們先從初中你熟悉的三個(gè)句型說起 :ask somebody to do something (邀請某人做某事)tell someb

29、ody to do something (告訴某人做某事)want somebody to do something (要求某人做某事)例、 I asked him to have dinner. 能夠作賓補(bǔ)的有很多,我們這里只學(xué)習(xí)幾種常見的: doing 不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式介詞短語形容詞等等。首先,哪些動(dòng)詞后面是跟帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(動(dòng)詞不定式可以分為帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式和不帶to的不定式兩種,不帶to的不定式實(shí)際上就是動(dòng)詞原形)作賓補(bǔ)的。主要有: order somebody to do somethingwant somebody to do somethingtell somebody

30、 to do somethinginvite somebody to do somethingask somebody to do somethingbeg somebody to do something(注意上面的有六個(gè)單詞可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ),我們可以按照語氣的強(qiáng)弱來記憶這幾個(gè)單詞:命令要求告訴邀請請求乞求) 此外,還有advise somebody to do somethingallow somebody to do somethingwarn somebody to do somethingteach somebody to do something其次,哪些動(dòng)詞后面可以跟不帶t

31、o的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的,我們可以用下面一句話來幫助你記憶: 一感二聽三讓五看半幫助這里:一感(feel)二聽(hear listen to )三讓(let make have)五看(see watch notice observe look at)半幫助(help).即: feel hear listen to let make leave somebody do sthsee watch notice observe look at help上面這些詞都是用于動(dòng)詞后面可以跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式,應(yīng)熟記之。最后,哪些動(dòng)詞后面是跟doing作賓補(bǔ)的,我們?nèi)匀豢梢越柚厦娴木渥觼碛洃洠厦娴膯卧~中

32、除了三讓(haveletmake)半幫助(help)不能跟dong作賓補(bǔ)之外, 其它都是可以的。(即:一感二聽五看,實(shí)際上它們都屬于感官動(dòng)詞)注意: 第4種句型和第5種句型(雙賓語和復(fù)合賓語)的比較(1) He gave me a book.(雙賓語)他給我一本書。(2) He calls me Tom.(復(fù)合賓語)他叫我湯姆。 例(2)中的賓語me(我),和賓語補(bǔ)足語Tom(湯姆),可以成為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,即“我是湯姆”。但例(1)則不可以,不能想像為“我是一本書”,所以雙賓語沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。憑這一點(diǎn),我們就可以很容易的區(qū)分開它們了。He made the boy laugh.他使男

33、孩笑. 主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ)(賓語the boy和后邊的成分laugh,可以想像為“男孩笑”,即可以成為一句話,也就是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,而不是真正的主謂關(guān)系,這樣,可以肯定“l(fā)augh”是賓補(bǔ)。) She bought me a pen.她買給我一支筆。(賓語me(我)和后面的詞a pen(一支筆)不可能成為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,不可能想像為“我是一支筆”,所以就是雙賓語。)練習(xí)一:判斷下列句子是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)還是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),如果是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)請指出是由什么充當(dāng)?shù)馁e語(名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、doing 等等)1 He arrived yesterday.2 The boy is crying loudly.

34、3 She died in 2000.4 The man disappeared in the street.5 I like music.6 She wanted some help7 I slept well last night.8 Tom built a house last year.9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday10 .Tom often swims in the river練習(xí)二:找出下面句子中的主語、系動(dòng)詞及表語,并指出主語和表語分別是由什么詞性或詞類來充當(dāng)?shù)摹? Kate was here yesterday.2 M

35、y father became a teacher in 1978.3 The weather gets hot in summer.4 She looks beautiful.5 The flower smells good.6 We were very happy.7 You are right.8 The soup tastes delicious.9 The chair is yours. 10 The children are asleep. 練習(xí)三 判斷下列句子是主謂+雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)還是主謂+復(fù)合賓語,如果是主謂+復(fù)合賓語,請指出復(fù)合賓語是由什么充當(dāng)?shù)摹?. I watch the b

36、oy playing foot ball. 2. My good friend told me a story.3. Tom lent me a pencil.4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight .5. I looked at her flying a kite .6. Please hand me the paper .7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.8. He wanted you to go with him.9. Lu Yang told the little boy to go home.1

37、0. She asks me to help her .11. My parents leave me some money .12. Lucy leads me a pencil .13. Mother got me some tea . 14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room.15. He showed me her photos .劃分句子成分練 習(xí)練習(xí)題(1)1.They are working on the farm now. 2.Seeing is believing 3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4

38、.She became a doctor in 1998 5.The book lying on the floor are mine 6.Suddenly it begins to rain 7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy 9.He wonders If I still study English 10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine 11.We always wo

39、rk hard at English. 12.He said he didn't come. 13.They love each other. 14.What did you bye? 15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 16.your job today is to help the old. 17.Speaking doesn't mean doing. 18.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left. 19.The children bought th

40、eir parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. 20.It takes me an hour to get there.練習(xí)題(2) (一). 指出下列句中主語的中心詞 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do today's ho

41、mework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (二). 選出句中謂語的中心詞 I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. Longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D.

42、bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework What I want to tell you

43、 is this. A. want B. to tell C. You D. is We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music Whom did you give my book to? A. Give B. Did C. whom D. book(三) 挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasn't done his homework. People all over t

44、he world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and

45、 you will find the museum on the left. You will find it useful after you leave school. They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.(四) 挑出下列句中的表語 The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the

46、subject. She was the first to learn about it.(五) 挑出下列句中的定語 They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. What is your given name? On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. I am waiting for the sound of the other sho

47、e!(六) 挑出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? (

48、七) 挑出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.(8) 劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語 Plea

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