英語應(yīng)用文寫作格式

1、書信英文書信與中文書信在格式上差異很大。英文書信通常由六個(gè)部分組成,它們是信頭( heading 、信內(nèi)地址( inside address 、稱呼( salutation 、信的正文( body of letter 、結(jié)束語( complementary close 、簽名( signature 。一、書信格式1 .信頭。指發(fā)信人的地址和日期。從信紙的上端中央往右寫。第一行寫單位名稱,第二行寫門牌號和路名,第三行寫市名、省名、國名,第四行寫發(fā)信日期。學(xué)生寫信時(shí)第一行寫班級名稱,第二行寫系科名稱,第三行寫學(xué)校名稱,第四行寫市、省名稱,第五行寫國家名稱,第六行寫發(fā)信日期。如果是國內(nèi)信件,國名可以

2、不寫。要特別注意英文地址寫法順序是從小單位到大單位。日期的寫法有美英之分。英國的寫法是:日,月,年,如 10th of October , 2002 .美國的寫法是:月,日,年,如 October 10 , 2002 .例如:Xiangyang Middle School (向陽中學(xué)No . 120 , Xinhua Road (新華路 120 號Cangzhou , Hebei Province 061001 (滄州市河北省 061001 P . R . of China (中華人民共和國October 20 , 2002 ( 2002 年 10 月 20 日2 .信內(nèi)地址。指收信人的姓名和

3、地址。低于信頭 1 2 行,從左邊開始寫。第一行寫姓名、頭銜,第二行寫單位名稱,第三行寫門牌號及路名,第四行寫市、省名稱,第五行寫國名。寫往學(xué)校的信,第一行寫姓名、頭銜,第二行寫系科名稱,第三行寫學(xué)校名稱,第四行寫市名、省名及郵政編碼,第五行寫國名。商業(yè)往來信件及公函必須寫信頭和信內(nèi)地址。親友、熟人之間的信可以不寫信內(nèi)地址,信頭處寫發(fā)信日期就行了。它與信封上收信人姓名、地址完全一樣。3 .稱呼。就是對收信人的稱呼。信內(nèi)地址下隔一、二行寫稱呼,其左側(cè)與信內(nèi)地址第一行對齊,稱呼后面一般用逗號,但正式函件稱呼后多用冒號。對不相識(shí)的男子,單數(shù)常用 Sir , Dear Sir ,或 My Dear S

4、ir ;復(fù)數(shù)常用 Dear Sirs 或 Gentlemen .對不相識(shí)的女子,單數(shù)常用 Madam , Dear Madam ,或 My Dear Madam ;復(fù)數(shù)常用 Madams 或 My Dear Madams .對比較熟識(shí)的男子,普通稱 Dear Mr .。即可。對比較熟識(shí)的女性,普通稱 Dear Mrs (或Miss 。即可。4 .正文。是書信的主要部分,一般從稱呼下方隔一至兩行處開始寫正文。每段的第一個(gè)字母一般要縮進(jìn) 3 5 個(gè)字母的空格。正文的內(nèi)容要表達(dá)清楚,語言要簡單明了,態(tài)度要誠懇禮貌。如果信中涉及的事情不多,可以一段到底,如果要講的事情多,則可以分成幾段,段與段之間常隔

5、 1 2 行。5 .結(jié)束語。是寫信人對收信人的謙稱,寫在正文的下面 2 3 行處,從信紙中央偏右的地方寫起,一般用 Yours (第一個(gè)字母大寫。若是親戚(包括家人,可以寫 Your loving son / sister / brother / daughter 等之類的表達(dá)法,若是對朋友,可以寫 Your friend ;若是對老師,可以寫 Your student .6 .簽名。一般寫在結(jié)束語之下。二、信封英文信封的寫法與漢語不同。收信人的姓名及地址應(yīng)寫在信封中下部,且先寫姓名后寫地址。寄信人的姓名及地址應(yīng)寫在信封的左上角,若是普通書信,也可寫在信封背面。郵票貼在信封的右上角。在信封上常

6、見的附加說明有“ Urgent (急件, Express (快件, Registered ( Regd (掛號信, Air mail (航空信等”,要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選用。下面是信封的格式:( 2002 河北省根據(jù)提示和要求完成下面短文。假如你( Li Lei 在去年夏令營認(rèn)識(shí)的一個(gè)朋友 Jim 從英國給你寄來一件禮物一件紅色的襯衫,并附有一封信。在信中他向你問好,他想知道你近來在忙些什么。請你給他寫一封回信( 100 個(gè)詞左右表示感謝?；匦乓ㄒ韵聝?nèi)容:向 Jim 問好并對他表示感謝。禮物是你最喜歡的顏色,尺寸很合適,你非常喜歡。告訴 Jim 你近來很好,上周剛過完生日,生日聚會(huì)很熱鬧。詢問

7、Jim 的近況,并表示希望他能來中國。注意:信的格式已經(jīng)給出。信中不得使用真實(shí)的人名、地名。65Zhonghua StreetShijiazhuang 050000Hebei , ChinaJune 21st , 2002Dear Jim ,How are you ? _Your friend,Li Lei 參考例文:65Zhonghua StreetShijiazhuang 050000Hebei , ChinaJune 21st , 2002Dear Jim ,How are you ? Many thanks for the shirt ! I'm very happy to h

8、ear from you again .I love the shirt very much , Jim . And red is my favourite colour ! Youremembered ! It's just my size . Every time I wear it , I will think of you .I'm fine here in China . Last week , I had a birthday party . Many ofmy classmates came and my mother made us a lot of good

9、food . We really had a wonderful time together . How are you doing in England , Jim ? I miss you very much . I always miss the days we were together last summer . I hope you can come to China some day .Please write back soon.Your friend,LiLei 2. 書信的種類1邀請信邀請信有正式和非正式之分,也有介于兩者之間者。正式邀請信一般屬于公函類,私人邀請信一般屬于

10、非正式文體。邀請朋友、熟人參加某一聚會(huì)時(shí),再詞句上不一定多加斟酌,用詞太正規(guī)倒顯得關(guān)系不密切。但是如果與被邀請人不太熟悉的話,最好用正式文體。如雖認(rèn)識(shí)但并不十分了解,文體可介于兩個(gè)者之間。由此可見,私人邀請究竟用什么文體,關(guān)鍵看與被邀請人之間的親疏的程度。邀請信要明確寫出活動(dòng)(是晚會(huì)、晚餐還是一般的聚會(huì)等、活動(dòng)的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)組織這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的理由,有時(shí)還應(yīng)告訴對方可能出席的人,另外一般希望對方給予答復(fù)。(1非正式邀請信,如;26 Coventry St.LondonSept. 15th, 1999.Dear Jack,I am going to the cinema to see the Red Ri

11、ver Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.Looking forward to seeing you.LoveMary 這封信是寫給朋友的,所以用語比較隨便,比較口語化。(2正式邀請信,

12、如:Dear Ms. Gupta;Its our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary of the founding of our corporation. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our clients for both courte

13、sy and support over the past three years. Please confirm if you plant to attend.Yours Sincerely,Lewis 這是一封正式邀請信,十分正規(guī),無論從句式,還是用語都十分講究。(3 介于正式和非正式之間的邀請信,如:No.4 Middle SchoolBeijing 100034April 29th,2000Dear Miss Katherine,I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class

14、One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was "Fast Reading". My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00-9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and att

15、end the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.YoursYu Hong 這封信是寫給一位外籍教師的,這位外籍教師曾經(jīng)到過這所學(xué)校,雖然作者認(rèn)識(shí),但并不十分了解。2感謝信感謝信可分為感謝饋贈(zèng)、感謝款待、感謝幫助、感謝送

16、行和感謝探病等。感謝信一般包括以下幾點(diǎn):對收信人的稱謂;寫信的目的;(Thank you for致謝并詳述所收到的禮物或得到的幫助等;結(jié)尾及謙稱。如:Dear Ms. Gupta:How regretful I must leave you house. Thank you for the many good things you provided. The chess game, tennis match and Mr. Gupta's delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment. If you came to Beijing for any

17、 reason, please come to my family. The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt Jean. I believe we will have a very happy time.Yours Sincerely,Lewis 3求職信求職信屬于公務(wù)信函,格式和用詞比較規(guī)。信的內(nèi)容大體上分為三部分寫信的目的,自我介紹,要求。注意下面幾點(diǎn):寫信的目的要直截了當(dāng)?shù)卦谛诺拈_頭提出。自我介紹部分主要介紹自己的學(xué)歷、工作經(jīng)歷、解決問題的能力等等。在行文、用詞上要表現(xiàn)出自信、懇切的態(tài)度,語言簡明扼要,突出介紹自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn),與眾不同的特長或有

18、利條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求,巧用詞語,有國地說服對方,此職非你莫屬。最后提出進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系的途徑,如:時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。還可以主動(dòng)提出接受面試或考核等。求職信在寫作特點(diǎn)上主要用第一人稱以及動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如:Ms Li LingP.O.Box 231BeijingJuly 10,1999Dear sir(s,I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce my

19、self. I'd like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare

20、 time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied with my work. I am sure I'll satisfy you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college.I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk

21、 or a test.FaithfullyLi Ling 4回信寫回信時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意正確理解寫信人的意圖、所提問題、必須對寫信人的問題給予明確的答復(fù)。如下例:No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,Jiangsu, ChinaJan.23rd, 2000Dear JackThanks for your letter. Yes, I have some difficulty in learning English. Forexample, I can't tell the difference between written English and spoken Eng

22、lish. Sometimes I often make mistakes while speaking to others. I want to improve my spoken English. But I don't know how. Would you please give me some advice? As you say, it is really difficult to write toe Chinese characters, but don't worry about it. Have you considered doing plenty of p

23、ractice? And I suggest you write them as much as possible. I think it will be of great help. I'm looking forward to hearing from you again.Best wishes.YoursLi Ling 原信中作者問到英語學(xué)習(xí)的情況,同時(shí)征求學(xué)習(xí)漢語的建議并談到自己在學(xué)習(xí)漢語的過程中遇到的問題。回信中作者對來信中的問題作了詳細(xì)的回答并給出了建設(shè)性的建議。假條To:假條是遞給誰的From:請假人Date:寫假條的日期(注意不是請假的日期Subject:寫上請假字樣例

24、如:To: Peter Stone,From: Lynn Chen, Financial DepartmentDate: April 2nd, 2006Subject: Casual Leave of Absence二、在您的請假信第一段,應(yīng)該開門見山但是有禮貌地提出請假。第一段要中心明確,寫清您要請假的日期。第一段范例如下:Peter, I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on April 4th, this Wednesday.第二段范例如下:This morning I

25、 received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to come to his practice for immediate treatment of my teeth. I have been experiencing a stinging pain, depriving me of my sleep during the past fortnight. The situation could worsen, should infection occur.Concerning my workload: As Wednesday is

26、not as busy as the other weekdays, I think a one-day leave this Wednesday may be the best solution. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.在假條的最后一段,應(yīng)寫上您希望獲得準(zhǔn)假的句子,或者具體等候答復(fù)的時(shí)間。最后一段范例如下:Thanks. I will call you at 1:30p.m. or you can call me at any time.最后成文:To: Peter Stone,Fro

27、m: Lynn Chen, Financial DepartmentDate: April 2nd, 2006Subject: Casual Leave of AbsencePeter, I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence for one dayon April 4th, this Wednesday. This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to come to his practice for imm

28、ediate treatment of my teeth. I have been experiencing a stinging pain, depriving me of my sleep during the past fortnight. The situation could worsen, should infection occur. Concerning my workload: As Wednesday is not as busy as the other weekdays, I think a one-day leave this Wednesday may be the

29、 best solution. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause. Thanks. I will call you at 1:30p.m. or you can call me at any time. 便條 (1時(shí)間 (2人名 (3事由 例：因你母親突然生病，周末你不能和湯姆去跳舞了，你找了舞跳得很好的時(shí)黛來代替你， 并表示抱歉。 此英語便條為： July 6，2002 Dear Tom， I am sorry to inform you that I won't be able to g

30、o to dance with you this weekend My mother is suddenly taken illIn order not to disappoint you，I have asked Shi Dai to take my placeShe is a better dancer，I thinkMy regrets Joe 從便條中可以看出，英語表達(dá)先“果”I won't be able to go to dance with you this weekend 后“因”my mother is suddenly taken ill，即所謂的“先果后因”。 【

31、例一】 Wednesday, 21st March Dear Prof. Rainman, I'm sorry I couldn't make our 11 o'clock appointment. Prof. Wolf's lecture lasted a lot longer than I expected. I could meet you in the library Reading Room 4 tomorrow at 10, if that is convenient for you. If not, please leave a note in m

32、y mailbox 334, this afternoon. Thank you, Elizabeth 【例二】 8:30 A.M. Dear Peter: I have done all my things here. I sincerely thank you for the trouble you have taken for my sake. I am leaving for home by train at two this afternoon. This is to say good bye to you. Please kindly remember me to your wif

33、e. Yours ever, Jack 【例三】 Babara, Please reserve a double room and bath at Holiday Inn for Mrs. Robert Anselmi of Eagle Sports from December 3rd to December 6th. They will arrive the evening of 6 the 3rd, before 6 p.m. and depart the 6th before 11 a.m. If a room is not available for that weekend, ple

34、ase make other plans. Otherwise please advise her of the reservation. Jasper 通知 它通常是上級對下級、組織對成員布置工作、召開會(huì)議、傳達(dá)事情所使用的一種文體。通知 分為口頭通知和書面通知兩種。作為應(yīng)用文的一種，它在格式、語言及習(xí)慣上有其與眾不同 的特點(diǎn)，只有掌握了這些特點(diǎn)，才能寫出規(guī)范化的通知。 1口頭通知。 口頭通知是面對面地把事情傳達(dá)給對方。一般不用寫落款和日期。發(fā)布口頭通知時(shí)，應(yīng)注意 以下幾個(gè)問題： 由于口頭通知是通過口頭表達(dá)的，因此，在正文之前，往往有稱呼語。如：Boys and girls， Comrade

35、s（同志們），Ladies and gentlemen 等。開場白一般這樣說：Attention，please！ May I have your attention， please？Be quiet， please！ Listen， please！ have something I important to tell you 結(jié)尾要給聽眾結(jié)束通知的信號：That's allThank you so much for itThank you 口頭通知的內(nèi)容應(yīng)講清楚時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容及注意事項(xiàng)。 中考書面表達(dá)口頭通知的卷面表現(xiàn)形式如下： Ladies and gentlemen， Att

36、ention，please！ _ _ _ That's allThank you 2書面通知 書面通知是以布告、張貼的形式出現(xiàn)，常常是張貼在顯眼的位置，以引起公眾的注意。為了 醒目，標(biāo)題的每個(gè)字母常大寫。 書面通知的格式： 1）標(biāo)題：在正文上面正中的地方寫上 NOTICE。 2）正文：包括具體的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容和注意事項(xiàng)。 3）單位：發(fā)通知的單位一般寫在正文的右下角。有時(shí)也放于標(biāo)題之上，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 4）時(shí)間：一般寫在左下角。 書面通知語言比較規(guī)范，切忌使用模糊語言和俚語、俗語。通知中一般無稱呼語，常用第三 人稱，且被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用較多?？匆坏乐锌碱}吧： 明天早晨 8：00，二年級學(xué)生

37、要在校門外集合。請穿上舊衣服，去農(nóng)場勞動(dòng)。請根據(jù)所給條 件寫一篇簡短的通知。（2004 某市中考試題） NOTICE All（of）the students of（in）Grade Two，We'll go to work on the farm tomorrowPlease meet at 8 o'clock outside the school gate. Don't forget to（You'd better） put on your old clothes June 25，1998 【一】 ANNOUNCEMENT Lecture on Twentieth century American Literature 7 Speaker: Mr. Robert Woo Time: October 28, 2000 Place: Room 504, Audio Visual Center Mr. Robert Woo, Professor of English language and litera