英語靜態(tài)句及其修辭特色

1、英語靜態(tài)句及其修辭特色         <TABLE     style="PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"     cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=3 width="96%" align=center&#

2、160;    border=0>               在美國奧巴馬政府中擔(dān)任國務(wù)卿的希拉里·克林頓在宣布退出民主黨總統(tǒng)提名競選時(shí)說過這么一句話：AndI want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you首先我想告訴大家.在這.           &

3、#160;                           在美國奧巴馬當(dāng)局中擔(dān)當(dāng)國務(wù)卿的希拉里·克林頓在公布退出平易近主黨總統(tǒng)提名競選時(shí)說過這么一句話：AndI want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you,to everyone who poured y

4、our hearts and your hopes into thiscampaign，（起首我想報(bào)告各人，我對你們每一小我私家有多感謝：你們將全體的精神和盼望都投入到推舉運(yùn)動(dòng)中；)在這句話中，希拉里利用了一個(gè)靜態(tài)句“how gratefulI鋤to all of you,to everyone who poured your hearts andyour hopes into this campaign´來表達(dá)她對支撐她的全部選平易近的樸拙謝意。這個(gè)靜態(tài)句的利用遠(yuǎn)比利用動(dòng)態(tài)句(Ithank all of you and everyone for your pouring-)來得上口

5、、美麗，很好地表達(dá)了希拉里對支撐她的全部選平易近的內(nèi)心境感。靜態(tài)句(static sentence modes of expression)是靜態(tài)表達(dá)方法的一種，它以靜的視覺來形貌或表達(dá)動(dòng)態(tài)的舉動(dòng)行動(dòng)，是與動(dòng)態(tài)句(kinetic sentence modes of expression)并存的表達(dá)方法。教育其他論文猶如漢語一樣，英語在表述某一行動(dòng)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)既可選擇靜態(tài)的表述方法，也可選擇動(dòng)態(tài)的表述方法。譬如我們可以說He comes to see you.，也可以說He is here tosee you.。但較之漢語而言，英語似更喜好接納靜態(tài)句來表達(dá)動(dòng)態(tài)觀點(diǎn)。英語的靜態(tài)句常見的句型多以“be(或

6、功效相稱于be的結(jié)合動(dòng)詞)+名詞形容詞副詞價(jià)詞短語已往分詞”句式為主，其種類繁多。據(jù)<新編大學(xué)英譯漢教程的作者統(tǒng)計(jì)，英語靜態(tài)句大要可分為如下5種。一、“be+動(dòng)詞的同源名詞月乍動(dòng)詞同源名詞”句式(1) For 20 years we were passive witnesses to the deteri -oration of prices of ou raw materials and an excessive in-crease of the prices of manufactured goods.(我們在20年內(nèi)坐視了質(zhì)料價(jià)錢下跌和產(chǎn)業(yè)品價(jià)錢暴漲。)(2) Historian

7、Samuel Eliot Morison gives this view of theman:“Franklin´s secret,the thing that´made him tick´and pulled every aspect of his mind together,was his love of peo-ple（汗青學(xué)家薩繆爾-艾略特·莫里森如許評價(jià)富蘭克林：”富蘭克林樂成的法門令他云云具有活氣并將他的心智的各個(gè)方面凝結(jié)在一路的工具是他對人平易近的愛。）(3)He has been the ruler of this country for

8、 over twentyyears.(他統(tǒng)治該國長達(dá)20多年。)(4) Tell us what happened.We´re all ears.(報(bào)告我們出了什么事，我們在全神貫注地聽著呢。)(5)Cardiovascular disease is American number one kil-ler.（在美國，逝世于血汗管疾病的人高居榜首。）(6) He was a good listener and they would like to talkwith him.(他能諦聽別人的看法，是以他們喜好同他交心。)二、“be+動(dòng)詞的同源形容詞/非動(dòng)詞同源形容詞”句式(7) All

9、the wisdom of the ages,all the stories that havedelighted mankind for centuries,are easily and cheaply availa-ble to all of us within the covers of books-but we must knowhow to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get most ofit從古到今的人類的統(tǒng)統(tǒng)聰明結(jié)晶、中醫(yī)學(xué)論文數(shù)百年來一向使人津津樂道的故事，這些工具我們都可以十拿九穩(wěn)地從書籍中獲得，并且也無需許多的耗

10、費(fèi)。然則我們必需明白該怎樣操縱這筆財(cái)產(chǎn)，怎樣最大限度地從中吸收養(yǎng)分。(8)I am quite ignorant of what they intend to do我簡直不知道他們計(jì)劃干什么。(9)An acquaintance with the modern Chinese history is helpful to the study of Chinese revolution.相識一下中國近代史，對研討中國革命是有資助的。(10) You shouldn´t be sensitive about one´s clothing.你不要太注意衣著了。(11) This p

11、rogram was not popular with all of the troops.并不是全部部隊(duì)的人都喜好這個(gè)打算。( 12) Some plants are place-specific.(Christopher Andrea:LonSing for Souvenirs of the Soil)有些花卉只能在特定的地區(qū)發(fā)展。三、“be+副詞”句式(13)Their experiment has been over.（他們的嘗試已經(jīng)竣事了。）(14)1 saw you out with a boy yesterday.(昨天我瞥見你和一個(gè)男孩上街了。)四、“be+介詞短語”句式(15

12、) Because of bad government,the company was in thered.(因?yàn)橹卫聿簧?，公司涌現(xiàn)吃虧。)(16) The factory is under construction（工場正在制作中。）(17) Beyond the ruffled curtains bordering the window,lsw plum-colored azaleas in full bloom.(在挨著窗邊的帶褶裥飾邊的窗簾的外頭，我看到了盛開著的紫赤色的杜鵑花。）五、“be+已往分詞”句式(18) When Timothy Spar finally knocked o

13、ff work on Jan.13,after more than 10 hours on the job,he figured he was atlast done for theIught.(Michael D.Demonic: Chicken LittleAlert)l月13日，蒂莫西·斯帕爾事情了10多個(gè)小時(shí)終于完成了當(dāng)夜的事情使命。(19) Someone had set up a sound system on the sidewalk,and the street was packed with people-straight andgay,younSand old,b

14、lack and white-dancing to salsa.藝術(shù)論文（有人在人行道上架起了音響設(shè)置裝備擺設(shè)，街道上擠滿了人異性戀者、同性戀者、老老小少，黑人白人各人跳著薩爾薩舞。）(20) The sea is rippled with little white p01ues.(大海掀起蕩漾，像奔馳的小馬駒。)上述分類注解，英語靜態(tài)句種類浩繁，它們?yōu)檫\(yùn)用英語舉行有用的寒暄供給了富厚的表達(dá)本領(lǐng)。英語比力喜好利用靜態(tài)句，究其緣故原由重要有兩個(gè)：一是英語說話中表達(dá)舉動(dòng)行動(dòng)的方法較之漢語要來得富厚，簡樸的例子便是英語中有很多形容詞和介詞的漢語對應(yīng)詞是動(dòng)詞，如s at-isfied(滿足)、afra

15、id(畏懼)、disappoimed（沮喪）、into（進(jìn)入）等。這就造成了英語在表達(dá)舉動(dòng)行動(dòng)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可選擇的方法多于漢語。另一個(gè)緣故原由是有些英語靜態(tài)句較之與其相對應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)句更為朗朗上口，且表達(dá)簡便、行文機(jī)動(dòng)天然。譬如說，We believe that Europe should,and will,be outward-looking.(我們以為，歐洲應(yīng)當(dāng)并且必將向外看。)這個(gè)句子就比We believe that Europe should,and will,look outward.這個(gè)句子來得曉暢。財(cái)務(wù)管理論文別的，靜態(tài)句非常輕易改作隸屬分句，起著對主句舉行潤飾的感化。美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在其就職儀式典禮上頒發(fā)發(fā)言時(shí)，一開端就用了這么個(gè)句子：My fellow citizens:I stand here today humbled by the task before us,grateful for the trust you have bestowed,mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.(列位同胞：本日我站在這里，為面前目今的重責(zé)大任感覺謙卑，對列位的信賴心懷感謝，對先賢的捐軀銘刻在心。）這個(gè)句子中有3個(gè)分句，hum -bled by the task b