初中英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)講解

1、絕大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式,原級(jí),比較級(jí)和最高級(jí), 以表示形容詞說明的性質(zhì)在程度上的不同。形容詞的原級(jí): 形容詞的原級(jí)形式就是詞典中出現(xiàn)的形容詞的原形。例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí): 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式是在形容詞的原級(jí)形式的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化如下: 1) 單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構(gòu)成。great (原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) 2) 以 -e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是在詞尾加 -r 和 -st 構(gòu)成。wide (原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) 3)少數(shù)

2、以-er, -ow, -le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構(gòu)成?；蛘呒觤ore，和most來構(gòu)成。 gentle(原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) clever(原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) narrow(原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) 4) 以 -y 結(jié)尾,但 -y 前是輔音字母的形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是改 -y 為i,加上 -er 和-est 構(gòu)成. happy (原形) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) 5) 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾其前面的元音字母發(fā)短元音的形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是雙寫該輔音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí))

3、6) 雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)需用more 和 most 加在形容詞前面來構(gòu)成。beautiful (原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) difficult (原級(jí)) (比較級(jí)) (最高級(jí)) 常用的不規(guī)則變化的形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí): 原級(jí)-比較級(jí)-最高級(jí)good/well-better-bestmany/much-more-most little-less-leastbad/ill-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest old-older,elder-oldest,eldest形容詞前如加 less 和 least 則

4、表示"較不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 較不重要 least important 最不重要形容詞比較級(jí)的用法: 形容詞的比較級(jí)用于兩個(gè)人或事物的比較,其結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下: 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+ 形容詞比較級(jí)+than+ 對(duì)比成分。也就是, 含有形容詞比較級(jí)的主句+than+從句。注意從句常常省去意義上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下對(duì)比的成分。Our teacher is we are. 我們老師的個(gè)子比我們的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天氣比昨天暖和。This pic

5、ture is than that one. 這張照片比那張照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 這次會(huì)議不如那次會(huì)議重要。The sun is than the moon. 太陽(yáng)比月亮大得多。形容詞最高級(jí)的用法: 形容詞最高級(jí)用于兩個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較, 其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為: 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句。She is student in her class. 她是班上最好的學(xué)生。Shanghai is one of cities in China. 上海是中國(guó)最大城市之一。This is apple I have e

6、ver met. 這是我見到的最大的蘋果。Tom is boy in his basketball team. 湯姆是他們籃球隊(duì)中個(gè)子最高的孩子。一、變化規(guī)則；1、規(guī)則變化：（1）單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加er或est：bright ,_; 以不發(fā)音的e字母結(jié)尾的加r,或st：large，_,_; 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為I加er或est:easy,_,_；以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加er或est: big，_,_;以er，ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加er 或est:clever,_,_; slow,_,_;（2）多音節(jié)詞前加more或most, 副詞最高級(jí)前省略

7、the. (3) 部分形容詞本身表示最高級(jí)，因此他們沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式：favourite round 2、不規(guī)則變化： good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;注：只有少數(shù)形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式：clever ,old, far 二、形容詞各等級(jí)的用法：1.原級(jí)（同級(jí)）比較：asas; not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(so)active in sports as before. （1）“A+as+形容詞原級(jí)+

8、as+B”He  is  as  tall  as  me.他和我一樣高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一樣有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和湯姆是一樣好的孩子。（2） 否定句中的結(jié)構(gòu)：“Anot+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B”It  is   not  as/so   good  as   what 

9、;  you   said.那沒有你說的那么好。比較級(jí)：（1）兩個(gè)人或事物的比較主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+ 形容詞比較級(jí)+than+ 對(duì)比成分。Lilys room is bigger than mine.The   weather   in   Beijing   is   colder    than    that    in  Hainan.否定用not

10、+比較級(jí)+than   或less   than Thisquestion isless  difficult /not   more   difficult   than   that   one. （2）表示兩者之間比更可用狀語(yǔ) a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修飾：He made much fewer mistakes th

11、an I did. He is even richer than I. (3) 表示兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇“哪一個(gè)更.”時(shí)，用句型“which/who is +形容詞的比較級(jí)，A or B? ”表示。Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?(4)如果在兩者之間表示“最”時(shí)要在比較級(jí)前加the，而且還用of the two, of the pair短語(yǔ)：John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. (5)表示“越來越.”,用比較級(jí)重疊結(jié)構(gòu)，即“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”，當(dāng)形容

12、詞為多音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞時(shí)，用“more and more +形容詞原級(jí)。”Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.(6) 表示“越.越.”時(shí)，用“the +比較級(jí)，the +比較級(jí)”。The more,the better.3. 最高級(jí)：(1)形容詞最高級(jí)用于兩個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較,形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加the, 副詞最高級(jí)前常省略the，后面多用of， in短語(yǔ)表示范圍：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the thr

13、ee. (2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中進(jìn)行選擇“哪一個(gè)最.”時(shí)，用句型“which/who is +the +最高級(jí)，A ，Bor C? ”表示。Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?(3) 表示“最.的.之一”時(shí)，用“one of the +形容詞最高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，該形容詞后用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.（4） 形容詞最高級(jí)前可以加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾最.”.The Yellow River is the second longest ri

14、ver in China.(5)被物主代詞,指示代詞，名詞所有格修飾時(shí)，前邊不再加theChina's   biggest   city  is   Shanghai.Fishing   is    his    latest   hobby.三、重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)：1、 asas結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）“A+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B”He  is  as  tall  as 

15、 me.他和我一樣高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一樣有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和湯姆是一樣好的孩子。（3） 否定句中的結(jié)構(gòu)：“Anot+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B”It  is   not  as/so   good  as   what   you   said.那沒有你說的那么好。2、(1)tooto與

16、sot的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：前者為簡(jiǎn)單句，主語(yǔ)只有一個(gè)，而后者為復(fù)合句，主語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)，試比較：The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk was so hot that we cant drink it. (2) tooto與 not enough to句型的轉(zhuǎn)換：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get ma

17、rried. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容詞原級(jí)表示比較級(jí)含義：約翰不象邁克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)：約翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest

18、boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy. any of the other boy. all the other boy. any of the others. any one else. 5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more.表示“越來越”: More and more stude

19、nts realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 7.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：（1） A is 倍數(shù) as +原級(jí)+ as BAsia is four times as large as Europe.（2）A is 倍數(shù) + 比較級(jí) +than + B Asia is three times larger than Europe.(3)A is 倍數(shù) + 名詞 + of B常見名詞：the size/weight/height/width/lengthThe t

20、able is twice the length of the desk.(4)A is 倍數(shù) + what從句The production is now three times what it was three years ago.練習(xí)題1. 寫出以下各形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _ 4. dry _5. happy _ 6. wet _7. much _ 8. ill _9. little _ 10. bad _11. thin _ 12. far _13. early _ 14. careful_15. exciting _ 16. bu

21、sy _2. 根據(jù)句意，用所括號(hào)內(nèi)所級(jí)形容詞的比較等級(jí)形式填空：1. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)3. This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)4. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little _ than her classmates. (careful)6. _ people came to the meeting than last

22、time. (many)7. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)8. My room is _ than yours. (small)9. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)10. Skating is _ than swimming. (exciting)11. Jim is _ than all the others. (honest)12. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)13. The higher you climb, the _ it will

23、 be. (cold)14. Now his life is becoming _ and _. (difficult)15. There are _ boys than girls in our class. (few)11. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as po

24、litely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. intereste

25、d C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while21. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longes

26、t B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC.

27、much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse31. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2. The house is small for a family of si

28、x.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 3 .Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4. -What's your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5 .The jacket was so_ that he decid

29、ed to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 6 .Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 .The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2. Your room is mine.A. twice as large tha

30、n B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5(

31、) 1. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 2. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country( ) 3. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. a

32、ny boy D. other boy61. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter2. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least3. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and

33、 hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder4 .When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 71._ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less

34、D. More; the more 2. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3 _ you come back, _ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner

35、; better81 .I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older( )2. Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest ( ) 3. Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller9( ) 1. Which do you like _, tea or coffee

36、?A. well B. better C. best D. most ( ) 2. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult ( ) 3. Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well ( ) 4. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it

37、 was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high ( ) 5. Don't you think it _ not to write the letter? A. well , B. better C. best D. good10( ) 1. Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far( ) 2. Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the talle

38、st ( ) 3.The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest ( )4. Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older11( ) 1 .Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 2 .English is one of_

39、 spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 3. Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city r ' B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities121. Most of the woods _ been taken go

40、od care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have2. _ like playing football and watching TV.A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they3 ._ are here watering the flowers here.A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys4. _ haven't been to American.A. Most them B. Most they C. More

41、of them D. Most of them131. _ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flower B. No another flowerC. Not other flower D. Not all flowers 2 .The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallestC. taller than of-all D. tall.3 .Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C

42、. than the other D. than anyone 141. Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest2 .Which language is_, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy3 .Which is_interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C

43、. very D. too4 .Which city is_, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful5. Which month is_, June, July or August?A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest151. Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D

44、. new anything2. Mike, I have_to tell you.A. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important3. There is _ in today's newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting4 .-Is Mrs. Brown badly ill?-No,

45、_. Only a little cold.A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious) 5 Come here, I have_ to tell you.A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting16( ) 1. I'm not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. hea

46、lth enough D. strong enough( ) 2 The girl works hard _ to pass the exam.A. enough B. too C. still D. yet( ) 3 He has_ to think it over. . A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time17( ) 1. "Do you want_A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something( ) 2 .Have you

47、 seen _ in the room?A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else( ) 3. _ would like to go to the park with me?A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who18( ) 1. Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English_ her mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best a

48、s( ) 2. She was sick yesterday, but she is_ to go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough( ) 3 .This kind of book is-_ for the children to read.A. enough well ' B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ) 4. -Are you feeling _?-Yes, I'm fine now.A. qui

49、te good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ) 5 .This shirt is no good. That one is evenA. better B. worse C. well D. worst19( ) 1 .We have never seen_ interesting films.A. such B. such an C. so D. such a( ) 2. Don't read :' books _ you can't understand.A. as; such B. such; as C. s

50、ame; as D. as; as( ) 3. This is_ book_ I'd like to read once more.A. such an interesting; that B. so interesting; that C. such an interesting; as D. a so interesting; as( ) 4 .We haven't seen _ play.A. so wonderful B. a so wonderful C. such wonderful D. such a wonderful20( ) 1. I am twelve;

51、Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the _ of the three.A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest( ) 2.My _ brother is three years _ than I.A. elder; elder B. older; oldest C. elder; older D. older; elder ( ) 3. His _ son often go to see him on Sunday.A. eldest B. olderC. the eldest D. the o

52、lder ( ) 4. He is two years _ than I.A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less21( ) 1 .I think the book is very_.A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests ( ) 2. They were very _ to see each other again.A. pleased B. surprising C. happily -D. angrily ( ) 3 .She is very_ the news.(7) surpris

53、e in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for ( ) 4 .The boys are _ computers.A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested about( ) 5 .-How does Kate like her new work? -She_ with the hours.A. can't satisfy B. isn't satisfied C. doesn't satisfy D- hasn'

54、t satisfied( ) 6. The man was not _ when he heard the _ words.A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening 22( ) 1. Helen isn't a_ friend of mine. I feel_ sorry for her.A. true; true B. truly; true C. true; truly D. truly" truly

55、( ) 2.I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes_.A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow ( ) 3 .The song sounds_.A. sweet B. nicely C. well D. moved ( ) 4 .The ship sank_ under the sea.A. deeply B. depth C. deep D. more deep23( ) 1 ._ helped a lot in our country.A. The blind is B. The blind areC. The blinds is D. Blind are ( ) 2 ._ should study hard for their