情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講練提高

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、Definition:表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一行為的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。二、常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法1. can, could, be able to1) Man cannot live without water.We shall be able to finish the work next week.2) A: Could I watch the Olympics ?B: Yes, you can. No, you cant.3) How can he be so rude like this?在疑問(wèn)句中用can表示驚訝，懷疑，不相信的語(yǔ)氣。4) 推測(cè)（ 用于_句，_問(wèn)）certaintyYou

2、 cantcouldnt be tired- youve only been working for an hour.（2005年全國(guó)）Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How cancould it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(2001上海春季）5) The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the world Wide Wait because it can be very slow.（2005漸江）6)We cant have too

3、 many friends.2.may/might1）表示_ might比may 更_A: May I have a look at your photo?B: Yes, you may (can). No, you mustnt cant. No, youd better not.2).certainty推測(cè)（用于_句和_句）Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? Sorry, I am not sure. But it might be.Is John coming by train?（2002)He should, b

4、ut he may not. He likes driving his car.He may not have finished the work.(_）He cant have left without saying goodbye to them for he always had good manners.(_）may/might as well do sth. _Now that no one wants to eat the food, you _ as well throw it into the dustbin.3. must1). permission-Must I clean

5、 all the rooms?-Yes, you must. -No, you neednt No, you dont have to.mustnt _；_You mustnt speak like that to your mother.You mustnt miss the good chance.2).must, have to3）must 在疑問(wèn)句中還表示“硬要，偏要，一定要”John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?3) 推測(cè) (只用于_句）You must be hungry after the

6、 long walk.The classmates must have cleaned the classroom because it is very clean.The boys must be playing football on the playground.He plays basketball very well. He must have practiced it a lot.Our headmaster must have been to USA, for he knows the country so much. must have done 的反意疑問(wèn)句 You must

7、 have seen the film, havent you? You must have seen the film last week, didnt you? His parents must have beaten him, havent they? His parents must have beaten him yesterday, didnt they?Practice:1.Mary _ be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes agoAmustnt Bcant Cshouldnt Dmay not2.Pet

8、er come with us tonight，but he isnt very sure yetA must B may C can D will 3.-Are you coming to Jeffs party-Im not sure I go to the concert insteadA must B would C should D might 4.It _ last night，for the ground was wet this morning Amust have rained Bmay have rained Cmust rain Dmight rain 5. Jenny

9、must have won the match,_?A. hasnt she B. doesnt she C. mustnt she D. cant she 6. The river is rising. It _last night.A.must be raining B. must rain C. might have rained D. must have rained7. Why! I couldnt get you on the phone this morning.We _tennis in the yard when you phoned.A. must be playing B

10、. could be playing C. must have played D. must have been playing8. You must have seen the film last night, _ you?A. havent B. mustnt C. didnt D. hadnt9. Mr. Zhou must be working in the office, _he? A. mustnt B. cant C. doesnt D. isnt10. There were already five people in the car, but they managed to

11、take me as well. It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been4. should/ought to 1).give adviceYou should not/ought not to eat a lot before swimming.The students should spend all their time working at their lessons.I often see lights in that empty house

12、. Do you think I should report it to the police.?2). Certainty(推測(cè)）常譯成：_They should be there by now, I think.3)虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的用法5. shall 1). permission常用于第_人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，表示征求對(duì)方意見Shall we/I /He/She/They do some exercise this morning?A: Shall he come in? B: Ok.2). 用于_人稱的陳述句，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令,警告，允諾，威脅You shall fail if you d

13、ont work harder.He shall have the book when I finish reading.He shall be punished.(威脅）-Excuse me ,but I want to use your computer to type a report.-You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.(2005湖南） A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt3) 一些條約、規(guī)章制度中的規(guī)定，必須做或不能做的事。The students shant go

14、out after 12.6.will/would1) .決心(可譯為決心(不),一定要)I will make this radio work even if I have to stay up all night.I wont have anything said against her.I promised I would do my best2). 習(xí)慣（可譯為總是，老是）He will sit for hours reading.He will talk for hours if you give him the chanceHe would sit there for hours

15、sometimes, doing nothing at all.3). 表示意愿（人愿意, 肯，會(huì)）傾向(物能力）If you will allow me ,I will see you home.He wouldnt let the doctor take his blood pressure.-Look, the lights are burning. - Oh yes, I will go and turn them off.The car wont start.7. need/dare可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，兩個(gè)詞常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句；用作實(shí)義

16、動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)：-Need I help you? -Yes, please.You neednt telephone him now.How dare you talk to the teacher like that?The girl dare not go out alone at night.用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)We need to tell him the news.You dont need to tell him the news.Do the flowers need watering?I didnt dare to tell you the truth.Would

17、 you dare to catch the snake with your hand?The boy dares to do anything he likes.判斷下列句子的正確與否：How dare you say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catchin

18、g the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:mustnt _neednt _ ( = dont have to =dont need to do)cant _; _may not 不可以; _shouldnt _ ( = ought not to )shant

19、_darent 不敢used to 和would的區(qū)別1.都可以表示過(guò)去重復(fù)的習(xí)慣，used to 含有“過(guò)去怎樣而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了”的意思；而would則單純表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常和often, everyday等連用。He would take a walk near the forest in the evening. （現(xiàn)在可能散步也可能不散步了）He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening. （而現(xiàn)在不散步了）2.不能用would的情況1). She isnt what she used to be. 她跟過(guò)去不一樣了。（

20、表示對(duì)比，不可用would）2). There used to be a park. 以前這里有一個(gè)公園。表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)，只能用 _，不可用would。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done的用法 1“shouldought to have done表示 “本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事，而實(shí)際上并沒有做”；“shouldntoughtnt to have done”表示 “_”。2. could have done _ (用于_句中時(shí))couldnt have done _3. may/might have done _ may/might not have done 也許沒做過(guò)某事4. must have done

21、 _5. neednt have done 表示 “_” You could have done better, but you didnt try your best.He couldnt have been to that town.He may not have finished the work.If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.You ought to have helped

22、 him.Practice1. Im afraid Mr. Harding_ see you now. Hes busy. (2010全國(guó)卷, 29)A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt2.- Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. - Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters. (2010北京，23)A. might B. must C. would D. can3. You _ buy a

23、gift, but you can if you want to. (2010湖南，23)A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to4. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?(2010江西，23)A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will5. I got up early, but I _ so because I had no work to do that morning.A. mustnt have done B. wouldnt have done C. need

24、nt have done D. cant have done6. A left-luggage office is a place where bags_ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.(2003) A. should B. can C. must D. will7.I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look? Yes, certainly.A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should8. Peter

25、 _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.A. shall B. should C. Can D. must9. You _ be hungry already - you had lunch only two hours ago.A. wouldnt B. cant C. Mustnt D. neednt10. I _ have gone to the concernt because because I know nothing about that kind of music. A.c

26、ouldnt B. mustnt C.shouldnt D.oughtnt11.-Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is ? - She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now.A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been12.You _ park here! Its an emergency exit.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt13.- Can I pay the bill by che

27、ck? - Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.A. shall B. need C.will D. can14.-I dont mind telling you what I know. -You_. Im not asking you for it. (2004江蘇)A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt15. Write to me when you get home. -_.（春季）A. I must B. I

28、should C. I will D. I can16. Is Jack on duty today? It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.（2006四川） A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt17. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 18.When the foreign guest arrived, I found him speaking good Chinese

29、, I _ his speech into Chinese the night before.A. neednt translate B. didnt need to translate C. neednt have translate D. didnt need translating19. May I smoke here ? If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section.（2006山東）A. should B. could C. may D. must20. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought to21.Some aspects of a pilots job _ be boring, and pilots often _work at inconvenient hours.（2006湖南） A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must22. May I spea