2017高考英語人教版一輪復習選修6Unit4講義

1、Book 6 Unil 1一- Global warming話題晨背積累寫作素材【話題詞匯】1. environmentally friendly 環(huán)保的2. pollutant n.污染物3. recycle v.回收4. non-renewable adj.不可再生的5. disastrous adj.災難性的6. alternative energy 替代能源7. endangered species瀕危物種8. limited natural resources 有限的自然資源9. global warming 全球變暖10. arouse people' s awarenes

2、s of environmental protection 提高公眾的環(huán)保意識【經典語篇】你所在的班級正在準備辦一期英語墻報，主題為“保護環(huán)境，控制污染”，請你根據以下要點寫一篇英語短文。1 .工業(yè)快速發(fā)展的同時也造成了環(huán)境污染；2 .增強環(huán)保意識和控制人口增長可以減少污染；3 .號召人們共同努力，參與環(huán)保。注意：1.詞數100左右；4 .可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。佳作欣賞We are happy to see that the world economy is developing fast , but with the fast development( of industry com

3、e different kinds of pollution .We have been surrounded by polluted air , water andsoil.It is clear that they have become the problems which worry nearly everyone and the governmentHow to prevent pollution ? We must both strengthen people; s sense of environmental protection and control the increase

4、 of population.We should know that destroying the environment means destroying our own home the earth.I hope all the people in the world will join hands to protect the environment.Only in this way will we have a good future.思維發(fā)散】1 .將第句改為正常語序Different kinds of pollution come with the fast development

5、 of industry.2 .將第句改為簡單句They have become the problems worrying nearly everyone and the government.3 .仿照第句用倒裝句完成句子只有認真觀察每個雨滴是怎樣匯成小溪的，你才能理解如何用許多小的成就實現夢想。Only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream can you understand how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.自主排查夯實基礎知識I .

6、重點單詞A.寫作單詞1. quantity (n.)數量； 量2. steady (adj.)平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的3. widespread (adj.)分布廣的；普遍的4. average (adj.)平均的5. circumstance (n.)環(huán)境； 情況6. oppose (vt.)反對；反抗；與(某人)較量opposed (adj.)反對的； 對立的7. tendency (n.)傾向；趨勢tend (v.)趨向；易于；照顧8. educator (n.)教育家；教育工作者educate (vt.)教育education (n.)教育9. contribution ( n.)貢獻c

7、ontribute (v.)貢獻10. pollution ( n.)污染；弄臟pollute (vt.)污染11. consume (vt.)消費；消耗；耗盡；吃完consumer (n.)消費者；用戶；消耗者consumption (n.)消耗(量)12. state (vt.)陳述；說明statement (n.)陳述，聲明B.閱讀單詞13. advocate (vt.)擁護；提倡；主張；(n.)擁護者，支持者，提倡者14. graph (n.)圖表；坐標圖；曲線圖15. random (adj.)胡亂的； 任意的16. fuel (n.)燃料17. data (n.)資料；數據18.

8、catastrophe (n.)大災難：浩劫19. mild (adj.)溫和的：溫柔的:淡的20. consequence (n.)后果； 結果； 影響21. range (n.)種類：范圍22. glance (vi.)掃視；看一下；(n.)一瞥23. existence (n.)生存： 存在24. casual (adj.)隨便的； 漫不經心的； 偶然的25. phenomenon (n.)現象phenomena (n.)現象(復數)26. subscribe (vi.)同意； 捐贈； 訂閱；(vt.)簽署(文件)； 捐助subscriber (n.)訂閱人，訂購者subscriptio

9、n (n.)訂閱費.訂購27. commitment (n.)承諾；交抨；信奉commit (vt.)和罪用昔)； 承諾： 保證； 交抨28. growth ( n.)增長；牛長grow (vt.& vi.)種植：牛長29. electrical (adj.)申，的； 與申,有關的electric (adj.)申，的，用中,操作的electronic (adj.)電子的electricity ( n.)苴30. refresh (vt.)使恢復； 使振作； 使想起refreshing (adj.)使人精神振奮的refreshed (adj.)感到神清氣爽 的refreshment (n

10、.)心曠神怡，恢復精神31. disagreement (n.)分歧；不一致disagree (vi.)不同意agreement (n.)同意；協議agree (vi.)同意n .重點短語1. come about發(fā)牛; 造成2. subscribe to同意；贊成；訂購3. quantities of 大量的4. go up上升:增長；升起5. result in 導致6. be opposed to 反對7. even if 即使8. keep on 繼續(xù)9. on the whole 大體上； 基本上10. on behalf of代表一方；作為的代言人11. put up with 忍

11、受:容忍12. and so on等等;諸如此類出.經典句式1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，并且全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現象。2. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other

12、greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在 （未來）幾十年或幾個世紀內，氣候仍會 持續(xù)轉暖。3. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so 10ng as you are using it if not: turn it off!只要你在使用電器設備，你便可以把它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！4. It takes a 10t of energy to make thing

13、s from new materials , so, if you can , buy things made from recycled materials.用新材料來制作物品要花費大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就買那些用回收材料制成的物 品吧。IV .課文語法填空1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is a fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming 2.orwhether

14、it is just a natural phenomenon.Many scientists like Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused 3.the increase in the earth' s temperature by burning fossil fuels like coal , natural gas and oil to produce energy whose by-products 4.are called(call) “greenhouse“gases, the most important on

15、e 5.being(be) carbondioxide.These gases trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth , without 6.which the earth would be about thirty- three degrees Celsius cooler 7.than it is.But 8.increased(increase) amount of extra carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere c

16、ausing the global temperature to go up.9. On the other hand , scientists like George Hambley believe that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences and more carbon dioxide is 10.actually(actual) a positive thing.邊講邊練突破核心考點細講必考詞匯1. quantity n.數量； 量應試指導主謂一致的考查in quantity 大量quant

17、ities of +名詞+復數謂語動詞 許多受數名詞+復數謂語動詞a quantity of + 5大量不可數名詞+單數謂語動詞 Quantities of food and tents were sent to earthquake-stricken areas from Shandong.大量的食品和帳篷從山東運往了地震災區(qū)。(2)My brother bought a large quantity of books.我弟弟買了大量的書。【多維訓練】(1)單句語法填空A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday. Large quant

18、ities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.一Why does the river around the village smell terrible?Because large quantities of water have been polluted(pollute) already.(2)完成句子 It' s a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity( 大量地).There are large quantities of(大量的)rain in this area.

19、2. opposevt反對；反抗；與(某人 般量(to disagree with)oppose doing sth.反對做某事be opposed to 反對as opposed to而;相對于(1)The king couldn ' t bear anyone to oppose him. 國王不能忍受任何人反抗他。(2)The father is opposed tohis son' s marriage.父親反對兒子的婚事。多維訓練】(1)單句語法填空 His daughter is very athletic as opposed (oppose) to his so

20、n.She js very much opposed(oppose) to your marrying her. He opposed building(build) a new hall.(2)同義句改寫The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.( 用 with 復 合結構改寫)With a lot of people opposing/opposed to the new proposal 、 the government postponed it.3. rang

21、e n.種類；范圍；v.排列；涉及(1 a range of系歹U beyond/out of one ' s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范圍in/within the range of 在范圍之內2 range from.to. 從到之間變化(1)It' s beyond/out of the range of my ability.這件事超出了我的能力范圍。(2)There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.有120名學生，年齡在 10到18之間。多維訓練】(1)單句語法填空The e

22、xchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school. We have a range of men' s shirts on special offer.(2)完成句子該物體進入了我的視野。It came in/within the range of my vision.我愛好廣泛。I have a wide range of hobbies.4. average adj.(無比較級 升均的；平常的；n.平均

23、；平均數；一般水平；平均標準an average of平均有(后跟數詞jthe average of.的平均數on(an/the)average 平均； 一般地above/below (theaverage在平均水平以上/以下up to average達至U平均數It' s said that the paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.據說這個報社平均每天要收到接近一百來篇稿件。(2) On average, vegetarians are slimmer than meat eaters.一般來說，素食者比肉

24、食者更有“型”。(3)These marks are well above/below average.這些分數遠在一般水平以上/以下。特別提醒“an average of +復數名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復數；而 "the average of+復數名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用單數。【多維訓練】(1)單句語法填空 The average of these numbers js (be) 50.An average of 10 students were/are(be) absent each day. On average we receive ten letters each day.

25、(2)完成句子With the help of the teacher, Mary ' s physics is now up to the average(現在已達至U平均水平 ).5. circumstance n.環(huán)境； 情況應試指導(1)under no circumstances置于句首日倒裝；(2)circumstance作為先行詞時定語從句引導詞的考查in/under no circumstances 決不(=never)in/under the circumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣in/under any circumstances 在任何情況下if cir

26、cumstances allow/permit 如果情況允許The strategy was too dangerous in the explosive circumstances of the times.在當時那種一觸即發(fā)的形勢下，采取那樣的策略太危險了。（2）I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我們是在更愉快的情況下相識的。特別提醒抽象地點名詞， 如：point, stage, case, situation , condition , position, activity , race, competiti

27、on , system, job, scene, life , occasion, environment, circumstance 等作先行詞時,用 where 引導。 多維訓練】（1）單句語法填空 It' s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.（2）完成句子 Under no circums

28、tances must you leave the house（必須離開房子 ）. You must not mention your colleagues under any circumstances（在任何 f#況下 ）. Iran and Iraq also have the potential to export more , if circumstances allow/permit（ 如果情況允 許）.6. come about 發(fā)生（happen 造成應試指導作為高級詞匯替換 happenIt comes/came about that.發(fā)生。How does it come

29、about that. ? 是怎樣發(fā)生的？come across偶遇；被理解when it comes to.當談到 come up with想出（主意）；找到（答案）（1）As a result of carelessness, the project collapse came about in the last spring.去年春天，由于疏忽大意造成了工程的坍塌。（2）When it comes to diet and exercise, we know what to do , but we don' t do what we know.當談及飲食和鍛煉時我們知道怎么做，但是

30、我們不那樣做。特別提醒come about相當于 happen或 occur, 均無被動形式。多維訓練】(1)單句語法填空一What on earth are the police busy with?They have been looking into how the plane crash came about. How does it come about that you were caught by the police?(2)短語填空come up with , come across, come about The meaning of this word will come

31、across to you sooner or later.That came about when we went to Glastonbury last year.To some extent, what you came up with is practical.精練7. subscribe to同意，贊成；訂購；捐助多維訓練】寫出下列句子中 subscribe to的漢語意思(1)Are you going to subscribe to the opera this season ?訂購(2)How much did you subscribe to the disaster fun

32、d ? 捐助(3)Do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy ? 同意. 贊成8. on behalf of(= on one' s behalf * 表一方；作為 的代言人多維訓練】選詞填空on behalf of, stand for, represent(1)What does ATM stand for?(2)I apologize to you on behalf of the hotel.(3)Union officials representing the teachers me

33、t the government today.9. put up with容忍；忍受多維訓練】短語填空put up with , put aside, put off, put down , put up(1)On Christmas Eve , we put up some balloons to add to the festival atmosphere.(2)Considering your salary , you should put aside at least 100 dollars a week.(3)Having been told that it was going to

34、 snow , the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.(4)The little boy always listens to the teacher very carefully in class.He can put down almost every word his Chinese teacher says.（5）Hong Kong residents say they can no longer put up with the ongoing Occupy Central protes

35、ts which greatly influenced their daily life and local business.突破經典句型10 .It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not, turn it off !,只要你在使用電器設備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關掉！句型公式：so long as引導條件狀語從句 so long as (as long as要，引導條件狀語從句。as long as還可譯為“長達,和一樣長，和一樣長久”。They believe I

36、can succeed next time as long as I work harder.他們相信只要我更加努力學習下次我就能成功。（2）The desk is as long asfive metres.這張桌子長達5米。多維訓練】（1）寫出下列句子中 as long as的漢語意思As long as she did this, all would be well.只要 This ruler is as long as that one.和樣長（2） What are you going to do this afternoon?I' ll probably go for a

37、walk later on so/as 10ng as it stays fine（ 只要天直好的話 ）.（3）單句改錯So we can do this directly as long as we will have certain types of information. 去掉 will在高考語境中提升解題技能I .語境填詞1. In its early history , Chicago had floods（洪水）frequently , especially in the spring , making thestreets so muddy that people, horse

38、s, and carts got stuck.（2015 湖南）2. Such random（隨機，的）acts of consideration will have your neighbors talking and the talk will begood.（2014 浙；江）3. All around the world , we can see the consequences后果）of this throwaway lifestyle.（2015 安徽）4. Fish-keeping is a widespread（ 普遍的）hobby and the keeper can obs

39、erve their behavior in theglass tank and study its entire life cycle.（2013 陜西）5. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 C above ° the average（平 均）.（2015重慶）n .單句語法填空1. There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.（2014 天津）2. The interest is less in the

40、phenomena（phenomenon） themselves, but in uncertainty.（2013 重慶）3. Without gravity to help circulate air , the carbon dioxide you exhale（呼氣）has °a tendency to form an invisible cloud around your head.（2015 湖北）4. Literature , classic literature , is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you mig

41、ht find many an hour of rest and refreshment（refresh） . （2014 福建）5. 一 Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? Of course, I have.It was in our village that it was made.（2011 重慶）6. Instead, it' s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth（grow） and forgi

42、veness.（2015 全國 D 7. The development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence（exist） , from stone tools to modern technology.（2012 浙江）8. I have been consistently opposed to feeding（feed） a baby regularly.（2012 廣東）9. They have recorded all lost objects ranging（range） from pot

43、atoes to golf gloves.（2014 廣東）10. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.（2015 四加I ）出.短語填空result in , even if, on the whole , on behalf of, put up with , so 10ng as1. On the whole : Brooks' s story is acceptable if uninspired.（2015 湖北）2. I ca

44、n put up with the house being untidy , but I hate it if it ' s not clean.（2011 新課標全國）3. Once, I took part in a national hostess speaking contest on behalf of our school and won the first place.（2015 陜西）4. You can write anything relevant so long as it ' s interesting and informative.（2015 全國

45、D5. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster.（2014 湖北）6. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful , it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them.（2014 福建）IV .完成句子1 .創(chuàng)造讓雇員感受到自己是團隊一部分的氛圍是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。Creating an atmosphere in which

46、/where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.（2015 浙江）2 .只要一個人給別人的生活帶來價值，那么他的生命就有價值。One' s life has value as 10ng as one brings value to the life of others.（2012 江蘇）3 .這種獨特的作品不同于今天的流行藝術，即使它們開始時是作為流行藝術出現的。Unique works of this kind are different from today ' s popular art, even if t

47、hey began as works of popular art.（2015 重慶）4 .巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音樂才能一直到19世紀早期才完全被認可。Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.（2015 重慶）5 .公園里非常擁擠，所以我們花了很多時間才找到一個可用的位置。The park was crowded , so it took us some time to find an available site

48、.（2014 3胡d匕） 微寫作.【寫作素材】（關于環(huán)保）1 .不同的科學家對全球變暖有不同的看法。2 .有些科學家同意全球變暖是個災難。3 .全球氣溫不斷增長可能會導致洪水、干旱和饑荒。4 .其他科學家反對這種觀點，認為這種變暖會很 溫和。5 .它不會在環(huán)境方面導致嚴重的后果。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達，并且請使用that引導的同位語從句，現在分詞短語作狀【連句成篇】（將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文）Different scientists have diferent opinions on global warming.Some scientists subscribe to

49、the view that global warming will be acatastrophe.The global temperature goes up steadily： which results in floods. drought and famines.Others are opposed to this . saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences練出高分I .閱讀理解nsanizjed by：EnyiroHmeiU FundSupNn配 by：/ 口阿、 (Energ

50、y Agency ；Sponsored byif HydrvMnx Snlutijnj;.M TeflonEnvironment Awareness WeekRegal Convention Centre , Halls 1 42430 March 2015 10： 00 am9: 00 pmFree admission for all!Save the environment, Save our futureOur environment needs help.With the participation of more than 50 organizations.Environment A

51、wareness Week is the biggest public education event dedicated to environmental protection and conservation.Don ' t miss it! Come and know more about:The Threats to Earth (Hall 1)What is global warming ? How serious is pollution ? Learn about different environmental problems from our university s

52、tudents.Protect our environment!The Search for Renewable Energy (Hall 2) Can we get electricity from wind , solar energy, waves, rivers and underground heat ? Get the answers from Solar Ace , Teflon , Touch Wind Resources and other participants.The Quest for Freshwater (Hall 3)Is the shortage of fre

53、shwater worsening ? What are Singapore; s solutions for treating wastewater ? Hear from Flow Technologies, HydroMax Solutians and other participants.The 3 Rs to Save Earth (Hall 4) How can we REDUCE , REUSE and RECYCLE to cut down household wastes? Find out from the Global Gaia Network , Green Earth

54、 Foundation and other participants.For more information , please call Mr.Philip Koh at 6553 1188 , send an email to Mrs.Daisy Soh at daisy.sohief.Org or visit the event ' s website at http: //eaw.1. The organizer of the event is .A . Global Gaia NetworkB . Clean Energy AgencyC. Green

55、Earth FoundationD . International Environment Fund答案 D解析 細節(jié)理解題。根據圖片中提到"Organized by International Environment Fund ”可知由國際環(huán)?；饡M織，故選 D項。2. What' s the purpose of a Environment Awareness Week" ?A . To educate people about environment protection.B . To advertise for environmental friendly

56、 products.C. To make money by attracting visitors.D . To support environment protection.答案 A解析 細節(jié)理解題。 根據 Save the environment, Save our future 中提至U的 a Environment AwarenessWeek is the biggest public education event dedicated to environmental protection and conservation.” 可知目的是讓人們保護環(huán)境，故選A項。3. The “3

57、Rs” stand for .A . Read, Realize and RememberB . Reduce, Reuse and RecycleC. Green Earth FoundationD . Global Gaia Network答案 B解析 細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段提到 “How can we REDUCE , REUSE and RECYCLE to cutdown household wastes?”可知3 Rs是減少、再利用和再循環(huán)，故選 B項。BIt is certain that when the eruption of Vesuvius started on the morning of 24 August,79 AD , it caught the local population unprepared.It is mainly thanks to the account of the younger Pliny that we have some understanding of what happen