Oracle11GRAC及負(fù)載均衡搭建手冊(cè)

1、Oracle 11G R2 RAC安裝手冊(cè)一、 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1. RAC是什么RAC，全稱real application clusters，譯為“實(shí)時(shí)應(yīng)用集群”，是Oracle新版數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中采用的一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)，是高可用性的一種，也是Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持網(wǎng)格計(jì)算環(huán)境的核心技術(shù)。2. RAC的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)l 優(yōu)點(diǎn)Oracle RAC支持Oracle9i、10g、11g版本，可以支持24 x 7 有效的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)，在低成本服務(wù)器上構(gòu)建高可用性數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)，并且自由部署應(yīng)用，無(wú)需修改代碼。在Oracle RAC環(huán)境下，Oracle集成提供了集群軟件和存儲(chǔ)管理軟件，為用戶降低了應(yīng)用成本。當(dāng)應(yīng)用規(guī)模需要擴(kuò)充時(shí)，用

2、戶可以按需擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)，以保證系統(tǒng)的性能。(1) 多節(jié)點(diǎn)負(fù)載均衡; (2) 提供高可用：故障容錯(cuò)和無(wú)縫切換功能，將硬件和軟件錯(cuò)誤造成的影響最小化; (3) 通過(guò)并行執(zhí)行技術(shù)提高事務(wù)響應(yīng)時(shí)間-通常用于數(shù)據(jù)分析系統(tǒng); (4) 通過(guò)橫向擴(kuò)展提高每秒交易數(shù)和連接數(shù)-通常對(duì)于聯(lián)機(jī)事務(wù)系統(tǒng); (5) 節(jié)約硬件成本，可以用多個(gè)廉價(jià)PC服務(wù)器代替昂貴的小型機(jī)或大型機(jī)，同時(shí)節(jié)約相應(yīng)維護(hù)成本; (6) 可擴(kuò)展性好，可以方便添加刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)展硬件資源。l 缺點(diǎn)(1) 相對(duì)單機(jī)，管理更復(fù)雜，要求更高; (2) 可能會(huì)增加軟件成本3. Oracle RAC原理在一個(gè)應(yīng)用環(huán)境當(dāng)中，所有的服務(wù)器使用和管理同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，目的是為

3、了分散每一臺(tái)服務(wù)器的工作量，硬件上至少需要兩臺(tái)以上的服務(wù)器，而且還需要一個(gè)共享存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備。同時(shí)所有服務(wù)器上的OS都應(yīng)該是同一類OS,根據(jù)負(fù)載均衡的配置策略，當(dāng)一個(gè)客戶端發(fā)送請(qǐng)求到某一臺(tái)服務(wù)的listener后，這臺(tái)服務(wù)器根據(jù)我們的負(fù)載均衡策略，會(huì)把請(qǐng)求發(fā)送給本機(jī)的RAC組件處理也可能會(huì)發(fā)送給另外一臺(tái)服務(wù)器的RAC組件處理，處理完請(qǐng)求后，RAC會(huì)通過(guò)集群軟件來(lái)訪問(wèn)共享存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備.邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)上看：l 每一個(gè)參加集群的節(jié)點(diǎn)有一個(gè)獨(dú)立的instance，這些instance訪問(wèn)同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。l 每一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的linstance都有自己的SGA。l 每一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的linstance都有自己的background

4、process。l 每一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的linstance都有自己的redo logs。l 每一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的instance都有自己的undo表空間。l 所有節(jié)點(diǎn)都共享一份datafiles和controlfiles。三類Resource：l VIP - 虛擬IP地址(Virtual IP) l OCR - Oracle Cluster Registry(集群注冊(cè)文件),記錄每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的相關(guān)信息l Voting Disk,仲裁機(jī)制用于仲裁多個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)向共享節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)寫的行為，這樣 做是為了避免發(fā)生沖突。二、 RAC環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)1. 服務(wù)器配置操作系統(tǒng)主機(jī)名內(nèi)存網(wǎng)卡Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.4

5、rac12Geth0（Public）eth1（Prive）Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.4rac22Geth0（Public）eth1（Prive）2. 用戶組規(guī)劃GroupNameGroupID說(shuō)明HOSToinstall 501Oracle清單和軟件所有者rac1，rac2asmadmin 504Oracle自動(dòng)存儲(chǔ)管理組rac1，rac2asmdba506ASM數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員組rac1，rac2asmopen507ASM操作員組rac1，rac2dba502數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員rac1，rac23. 用戶規(guī)劃UserIDUserNameGroup說(shuō)明HOS

6、T口令501gridoinstalldbaasmadminasmdbaasmoperOracle Cluster用戶rac1rac2grid123502oracleoinstalldbaasmdbaOracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員rac1rac2oracle1234. IP規(guī)劃主機(jī)名公用IP私有IP虛擬IPrac1rac2ScanIP5. 存儲(chǔ)規(guī)劃存儲(chǔ)組件Block DeviceASMlib NameSizeOCR/dev/sdbOCR_VOL11G/dev/sdcOCR_VOL21G/dev/sddOCR_VOL31G數(shù)據(jù)文件/dev/sdeDATA_VOL110G文件備份/dev/sdfBACK_

7、VOL15G三、 Oracle RAC搭建1. 配置共享存儲(chǔ)（ASM依賴）l 方法一：vmware workstation 9虛擬共享存儲(chǔ)(1) 在VM安裝目錄VMware Workstation下執(zhí)行命令：#vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1GB -a lsilogic -t 2 D:racDiskdb01.vmdk#vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1GB -a lsilogic -t 2 D:racDiskdb02.vmdk#vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1GB -a lsilogic -t 2 D:ra

8、cDiskdb03.vmdk#vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 10GB -a lsilogic -t 2 D:racDiskdb04.vmdk#vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5GB -a lsilogic -t 2 D:racDiskdb05.vmdk(2) 修改rac1和rac2下的.vmx文件，在最后一行添加如下內(nèi)容：diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize=0 diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize=0diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize=0diskLib.data

9、CachePageSize=4096diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"disk.locking = "FALSE"scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual" scsi1.present = "TRUE"scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk"scsi1:0.presen

10、t = "TRUE"scsi1:0.fileName = "D:racDiskdb01.vmdk"scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"scsi1:1.fileName = "D:racDiskdb02.vmdk" scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"scsi1:2.devi

11、ceType = "disk"scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"scsi1:2.fileName = "D:racDiskdb03.vmdk" scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"scsi1:3.fileName = "D:racDiskdb04.vmdk"scsi1:4.mode = "i

12、ndependent-persistent"scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"scsi1:4.fileName = "D:racDiskdb05.vmdk"(3) 重新打開虛擬機(jī)，并啟動(dòng)。(4) 磁盤分區(qū)，在rac1執(zhí)行#fdisk /dev/sdbDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disk

13、label. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 1048 MB, 1048576000 bytes 64 heads, 32

14、sectors/track, 1000 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-1000, default 1):Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or

15、+sizeM or +sizeK (1-1000, default 1000): Using default value 1000 Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.#fdisk /dev/sdc 重復(fù)上面操作#fdisk /dev/sdd 重復(fù)上面操作#fdisk /dev/sde 重復(fù)上面操作#fdisk /dev/sdf 重復(fù)上面操作l 方法二：Linux mount掛載（待解決）2.

16、安裝依賴包#yum install -y expect* iscsi* binutils* compat-libstdc+* expat* elfutils-libelf* gcc* glibc* ksh* libgcc*#yum install -y pdksh* libgomp* compat-db* libXp* libaio* cpp* setarch* sysstat* libstdc+* make-3*#yum install -y unixODBC#yum install -y unixODBC-devel3. 查看依賴包安裝狀況#rpm -q -qf '%NAME-%V

17、ERSION-%RELEASE(%ARCH)n' binutils elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf expat gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel執(zhí)行結(jié)果binutils-2.17.50.0.6-26.el5(x86_64)elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(x86_

18、64)elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(i386)elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(x86_64)elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(i386)expat-1.95.8-11.el5_8(x86_64)expat-1.95.8-11.el5_8(i386)gcc-4.1.2-54.el5(x86_64)gcc-c+-4.1.2-54.el5(x86_64)glibc-2.5-118.el5_10.2(i686)glibc-2.5-118.el5_10.2(x86_64)glibc-common-2.5-118.el5_10.2(x

19、86_64)glibc-devel-2.5-118.el5_10.2(x86_64)glibc-devel-2.5-118.el5_10.2(i386)glibc-headers-2.5-118.el5_10.2(x86_64)ksh-20100621-18.el5(x86_64)libaio-0.3.106-5(x86_64)libaio-0.3.106-5(i386)libaio-devel-0.3.106-5(i386)libaio-devel-0.3.106-5(x86_64)libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5(x86_64)libgcc-4.1.2-54.el5(i386)lib

20、stdc+-4.1.2-54.el5(x86_64)libstdc+-4.1.2-54.el5(i386)libstdc+-devel-4.1.2-54.el5(x86_64)libstdc+-devel-4.1.2-54.el5(i386)make-3.81-3.el5(x86_64)pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1(x86_64)sysstat-7.0.2-12.el5(x86_64)unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5(i386)unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5(x86_64)unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5(x86_64)uni

21、xODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5(i386)4. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置(1) 修改rac1和rac2的network#vi /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=rac1 #此處為主機(jī)名#vi /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=rac2(2) 修改rac1和rac2的hosts#vi /etc/hosts#eth0-Public IP#172.16.1.211 rac1172.16.1.212 rac2#eth

22、1PRIVATE IP#10.10.10.211 rac1-priv10.10.10.212 rac2-priv#VIP#172.16.1.111 rac1-vip172.16.1.112 rac2-vip#SCAN#172.16.1.100 rac-cluster-scan(3) 重啟rac1和rac2網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)#service network restart(4) 配置虛擬IP#ifconfig eth0:0 172.16.1.111 netmask 255.255.0.0 up#ifconfig eth0:0 172.16.1.112 netmask 255.255.0.0 up*注：虛擬

23、IP在重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)會(huì)被卸載，需要重新設(shè)置。5. 配置NTPD服務(wù)NTPD服務(wù)為Grid的檢查項(xiàng)，提供時(shí)間同步服務(wù)。(1) 修改NTPD參數(shù)文件（rac1，rac2）#vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpdSYNC_HWCLOCK=yesOPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"(2) 修改rac1的ntpd.conf文件，刪除原有內(nèi)容錄入以下內(nèi)容#vi /etc/ntp.confrestrict 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 nomodifyserverfudge127.127.1.0 stratum 10dr

24、iftfile /var/lib/ntp/driftbroadcastdelay 0.008authenticate nokeys /etc/ntp/keys(3) 清空rac1的ntpservers原有內(nèi)容#cp /etc/ntp/ntpservers /etc/ntp/ntpservers.bak#vi /etc/ntp/ntpservers(4) 編輯rac1的step-tickers，添加一行#cp /etc/ntp/step-tickers /etc/ntp/step-tickers.bak#vi /etc/ntp/step-tickers(5) 修改rac2的ntpd.conf文件

25、，刪除原有內(nèi)容錄入以下內(nèi)容#vi /etc/ntp.confrestrict 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 nomodifyserverserverfudge127.127.1.0 stratum 10driftfile /var/lib/ntp/driftbroadcastdelay 0.008authenticate nokeys /etc/ntp/keys(6) 清空rac2的ntpservers原有內(nèi)容#cp /etc/ntp/ntpservers /etc/ntp/ntpservers.bak#vi /etc/ntp/ntpservers(7) 編輯rac2的step-t

26、ickers，添加一行#cp /etc/ntp/step-tickers /etc/ntp/step-tickers.bak#vi /etc/ntp/step-tickers#rac1的ip地址(8) rac1節(jié)點(diǎn)重啟NTPD服務(wù)#service ntpd restart(9) rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)停止NTPD服務(wù)，rac1重啟NTPD服務(wù)后5、6分鐘再執(zhí)行#service ntpd stop#ntpdate rac1#service ntpd start(10) NTPD啟用自動(dòng)加載（rac1，rac2）#chkconfig ntpd on6. 關(guān)閉服務(wù)關(guān)閉rac1和rac2無(wú)用的sendmail和

27、cups服務(wù)，加快開機(jī)速度。#chkconfig sendmail off#chkconfig cups off7. 用戶、用戶組(1) 創(chuàng)建用戶和用戶組#groupadd -g 501 oinstall#groupadd -g 502 dba#groupadd -g 504 asmadmin#groupadd -g 506 asmdba#groupadd -g 507 asmoper#useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid#useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba o

28、racle#id oracle#id grid(2) 修改用戶密碼#passwd oracle#passwd grid8. 文件夾及權(quán)限#mkdir -p /u01/app/grid/#mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory#chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle#chmod -R 775 /u019. 修改系統(tǒng)參數(shù)(1) 修改rac1和rac2的limits.conf#vi /etc/security/limits.conf#ORACLE SETTINGgrid s

29、oft nproc 2047grid hard nproc 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536(2) 修改rac1和rac2的/etc/pam.d/login#vi /etc/pam.d/login#ORACLE SETTINGsession required pam_limits.so(3) 修改rac1和rac2的/etc/sysctl.conf#

30、vi /etc/sysctl.conf#ORACLE SETTINGfs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 26

31、2144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586(4) 執(zhí)行命令(rac1、rac2)#sysctl -p(5) 修改rac1和rac2的profile，在末尾添加#vi /etc/profileif $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ; thenif $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fiumask 022 fi(6) 執(zhí)行命令(rac1、rac2)#s

32、ource /etc/profile(7) 修改rac1和rac2的/etc/csh.login#vi /etc/csh.loginif ( $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ) thenlimit maxproc 16384limit descriptors 65536endifEOFCSH(8) 修改grid用戶的環(huán)境變量#su - grid$cd /home/grid/$vi .bash_profileTMP=/tmp; export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_SID=

33、+ASM1; export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/product/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMENLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export NLS_DATE_FORMATTHREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAGPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHTHREADS_FLAG=n

34、ative; export THREADS_FLAGPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHif $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ; thenif $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fi umask 022fi#su - grid$cd /home/grid/$vi .bash_profileTMP=/tmp; export T

35、MPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_SID=+ASM2; export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/product/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMENLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export NLS_DATE_FORMATTHREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAGPATH=$ORACLE_HO

36、ME/bin:$PATH; export PATHTHREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAGPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHif $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ; thenif $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fi umask 022fi(9) 執(zhí)行命令(rac1、rac2)$s

37、ource .bash_profile(10) 修改oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量#su - oracle$cd /home/oracle/$vi .bash_profile# Oracle Settings oracleTMP=/tmp; export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=orcl1; export ORACLE_SI

38、DORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATHNLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd

39、HH24:MI:SS" export NLS_DATE_FORMATNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANGif $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ; thenif $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fiumask 022fi#su - grid$cd /home/grid/$vi .bash_pro

40、file# Oracle Settings oracleTMP=/tmp; export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=orcl2; export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATHPATH=$ORAC

41、LE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATHNLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export NLS_DATE_FORMATNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export

42、NLS_LANGif $USER = "oracle" | $USER = "grid" ; thenif $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fiumask 022fi(11) 執(zhí)行命令(rac1、rac2)$source .bash_profile10. 配置用戶等效性(1) 使用Oracle用戶，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行#su - oracle$ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating publ

43、ic/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'.Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved

44、 in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:be:8b:34:fd:c9:34:a7:2f:d2:f7:d9:30:1f:2e:48:d6 oraclerac1$ssh-keygen -t dsaGenerating public/private dsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase

45、 again: Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:4f:bc:4b:9a:a6:cd:1c:15:e7:67:92:94:a2:cd:50:14 oraclerac1(2) 使用Oracle用戶，在節(jié)點(diǎn)rac1執(zhí)行$cat /home/oracle/.ssh/*.pub >> /home/oracle/.ssh/autho

46、rized_keys$ssh rac2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/*.pub >> /home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys $scp /home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:/home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys(3) 驗(yàn)證Oracle用戶等效性，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行$ssh rac2 date$ssh rac1 date$ssh rac2-vip date$ssh rac1-vip date$ssh rac2-priv date$ssh rac1-priv dates(4)

47、使用grid用戶，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行#su - grid$ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/grid/.ssh'.Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in

48、/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:39:1c:f5:9b:76:e1:de:20:40:e0:e8:20:77:fa:cd:97 gridrac1$ssh-keygen -t dsaGenerating public/private dsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (

49、empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:08:a4:1b:87:89:fb:cd:93:3f:5d:f8:7b:f6:67:dd:4c gridrac1(5) 使用grid用戶，在節(jié)點(diǎn)rac1執(zhí)行$ cat /home/grid/.ssh/

50、*.pub >> /home/grid/.ssh/authorized_keys$ssh rac2 cat /home/grid/.ssh/*.pub >> /home/grid/.ssh/authorized_keys$scp /home/grid/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:/home/grid/.ssh/authorized_keys(6) 驗(yàn)證grid用戶等效性，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行$ssh rac2 date$ssh rac1 date$ssh rac2-vip date$ssh rac1-vip date$ssh rac2-priv dat

51、e$ssh rac1-priv dates(7) 重啟rac1、rac2#reboot11. 安裝ASM(1) 檢查系統(tǒng)及內(nèi)核版本#uname aLinux rac2 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux#lsb_release aLSBVersion: :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarchDistributor ID: RedHat

52、EnterpriseServerDescription: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)Release: 5.4Codename: Tikanga(2) 下載與系統(tǒng)及內(nèi)核版本對(duì)應(yīng)的ASM下載地址：當(dāng)前版本：(3) 安裝asm包，按順序安裝#rpm -ivh -nodeps orac#(4) 初始化asmlib，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行#/usr/sbin/oracleasm configure -iConfiguring the Oracle ASM library driver. This will configure the

53、 on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current valueswill be shown in brackets (''). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an answer will keep that current value.

54、Ctrl-C will abort. Default user to own the driver interface : gridDefault group to own the driver interface : asmadminStart Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) n: yScan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) y: yWriting Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done(5) ASMlib加載到內(nèi)核，在所有節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行#/usr/sbin/o

55、racleasm init(6) 創(chuàng)建 asm 磁盤，在節(jié)點(diǎn)rac1執(zhí)行#/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk OCR_VOL1 /dev/sdb1#/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk OCR_VOL2 /dev/sdc1#/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk OCR_VOL3 /dev/sdd1#/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DATA_VOL1 /dev/sde1#/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk BACK_VOL1 /dev/sdf1(7) rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行#/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks#/usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks12. 安裝Oracle Grid(1) 安裝cvuqdisk(rac1，rac2)#export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall#(2) 使用grid用戶，進(jìn)行oracle grid 安裝前檢查#su - grid$cd /Grid安裝目錄$./runcluvfy.sh stage -