小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)題

1、小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)及第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)問題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。第三人稱單數(shù)變化，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：1 .人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起來像只貓。2 .單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語；用第三人稱單數(shù)。如：H an Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親。2)Beijing is in China.北京在中國。Un

2、cle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。3 .單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the/ a +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。 This book is yours.這本 書是你的。That car is red.那輛小汽車是紅色的。 The cat is Lucy's.這只貓是露茜的。4 .不定代詞 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語時(shí)，第

3、三人稱單數(shù)。 Everyone is here.大家至U齊了。 There is something wrong with thewatch.這塊手表有毛病。This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。 That is an eraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。5 .不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù) 。如：The milk is in the glass. The bread is very small.6.當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如："6" is a luckynumber."6""I" is a letter.發(fā)音規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

4、原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則與發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同，請認(rèn)真觀察。1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“制清輔音后發(fā)音為s,在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為z o 如： stop stops s ; make makes s read eads z ; play plays z2、以輔音字母加“轉(zhuǎn)尾的，要先將“變?yōu)?quot;i'然后在加"e讀'iz如：fly flies z ； carry carries zstudy studies z; worry worries3、以“ s, x, ch, s附尾的，”在詞尾加“ es ”發(fā)音為iz如：teach teaches iz; wat

5、ch watches iz4、以“ O吉尾的動(dòng)詞，加“ es '讀,z如：go goes z do does z注：下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí)，原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化，請注意記憶。如：1、do du: does dz2、say sei says sez以不發(fā)音字母"曲尾的開音節(jié)詞，如果尾音是s, z時(shí)，加“g字母”e發(fā)音，與所加"一起讀做iz o 如：close closes iz作業(yè)I .寫出第三人稱單數(shù)：wash match guess study finishgo snow carryII .用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. He TV every e

6、vening. (watch)2. We always to school on foot. (go)3. Tom, with his classmates, often football after school. (play)4. Your shoes under the bed. (be)5. here and by me. (come, stand)6. His uncle usually to work by bus. (go)7. I always up at six in the morning.(get)8. John like his father. (look)III.完成

7、句子根據(jù)所給中文意思，在空白處填入適當(dāng)詞語完成句子。每空一詞，請直接 在答題紙上完成，不要在此頁上作答。1 .該吃晚飯了。it，s time to.2 .你想來點(diǎn)兒面包嗎？would you some?3 .安娜太小，還不能上學(xué)。ann is young go to school.4,約翰跑得和我一樣快。john runs fast me.5,布萊克太太經(jīng)常在英語上幫助我們。mrs. black often us our english .6 .老師讓我們每天說英語。the teacher tells us english every day.7 .為什么不讓孩子們做他們喜歡的事情？let t

8、he children do what they like?(答案： 二、1. watches 2. go 3. plays 4. are 5. come, stand 6. goes 7. get, got8 . looks三、1. it ' s time to have supper. 2. would you like some bread?3. ann is too young to go to school. 4. john runs as fast as me.5. mrs. black often helps us with our english.6. the teac

9、her tells us to speak english every day.7. why not let the children do what they like?)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1、表示經(jīng)?；蛘叻磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.如：我每天吃午飯.I have lunch every day.2、還表示現(xiàn)在存在的一種狀態(tài).如：我姐姐是一位老師.My sister is a teacher.3、客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)常 與often （經(jīng)常）sometimes （有時(shí)）alw

10、ays （總是） usually （通常）等頻率詞連用，也經(jīng)常與every day （每天），every week （每周）,every month （每月）,every term （每學(xué)期）,every year （每年）, once a week （一周一次），twice a year （一年兩次）等表示時(shí)間的詞連用。三、第三人稱單數(shù)問題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。 四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)分類：1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)分為be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1） be動(dòng)詞包括am , is, are.中文為"是"，這三個(gè)詞的用法要隨著主語的變 化而變化。

11、"am"用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I） ; "is"用于第三人稱單數(shù)（he, she, it） ; "are ”用于第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)（we）,第二人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)（you）,第三 人稱復(fù)數(shù)（they）?？梢杂涀∫韵马樋诹铮篴m管"我"，is管"，她，它，他'are管"大家"。一般疑問句和否定句：把be動(dòng)詞"am, is, are"放在句首，回答時(shí)也要使用 be動(dòng)詞；變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，把表示否定的not放在"am is are"的后面,其中可以 簡寫為：is not-

12、 isn't ; are not- aren't ; am not 沒有簡寫形式。注意：如果are not, is not 放在句尾時(shí)，不能使用簡寫，必須寫出整個(gè)單詞。Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am not.)Are you his friend? Yes, you are. (No, you are not.)Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. (No, she is not.)否定旬為：I am not a teacher. You are not his friend. She is not anurse.2

13、)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如果句子的動(dòng)詞不是be動(dòng)詞"am is are"而是其他實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，疑問句和否定句要借助于助動(dòng)詞"do"或者"does”,也就是說be動(dòng) 詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形不能同時(shí)使用。這里的"do" , "does"本身沒有什么意義， 只是幫助構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句.一般疑問句讀時(shí)必須用降調(diào)."do"和"does”的使 用要隨著人稱的變化而變化。請看下面兩組句子，注意區(qū)分他們的共同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。I go to school every day.I don't go to

14、 school every day.He goes to school every day.He doesn't go to school everyday.Do you go to school every day?Does he go to school everyday?Yes, I do. (No, I don't)Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't)當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，肯定句為：主語+動(dòng)詞的s形式+賓語否定句為：主語+助動(dòng)詞doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語疑問句為：Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動(dòng)詞

15、does.注：1)第三人稱單數(shù)用了 does后面就不用動(dòng)詞的s形式了，而用動(dòng)詞原形.2)變?yōu)橐蓡柧洌诰涫准?quot;do"變?yōu)榉穸ň?，要在?dòng)詞前面加"do not",可以 簡寫為"don't".課堂練習(xí)一、把下列句子改成一般疑問句并做肯定、否定回答。1. I usually get up at six o' clock.Yes, . /No,.2. We usually write e-mails to each other on Saturday evening.3. They have the same hobby./

16、.4.Suhai and Su yang like listening to music after school.5.Helen usually watches TV in the evening.、用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 .What time his father(do) the work?2 .He(get) up at five o' clock.3 .you(brush) your teeth every morning.4 .What( do ) he usually( do ) after school?5 .Tom( study ) English, Chinese, M

17、aths, Science and Art at school.6 . Kitty sometimes(go) to the park with his sister.7 .At eight at night, she( watch ) TV with her parents.8 .Mike( read ) English every day?9 .How many lessons your classmates( have ) on Monday?10 .We often( play ) football in the playground.三.選擇()1.you have a book?A

18、. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have()2. They on a farm.A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked()3. Does Peter like to watch TV?.A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesnC/Yes, he' dDkNo, he likes()4. She doesn ' t her homework in the afternoon.A. doing B. to do C. does D. do()5. How Mr. Brown to America?A. d

19、o,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes()6. Where ' s my camera? I it.A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can ' t finD. can ' t look at()7. How he go to work?He to work by bike.A. does ;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes()8.you usually late for school?No,.A. Do ; I am B. Does ;not C. A

20、re ; I ' nDnAte ; I aren' t()9.she home at six every day?A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left()10. Mr. Yang English this term.A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our答案： 二.1.does, do2. gets 3. Do, brush 4. does, do 5. studies 6.goes 7. watches 8. Does, re

21、ad 9. do, have 10. play三.1-5 A C B D C 6-10 C D C B B現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、動(dòng)詞的ing形式(附練習(xí)及答案)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式“am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，主要用于以 下幾方面。(1)用來表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：What are you doing? We are playing basketball.你們在干什么？我們在打籃球。(2)有時(shí)用來表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而說話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：Are they working hard this term?這學(xué)期他們在努力學(xué)習(xí)嗎？We are pick

22、ing apples on a farm these days?這些天我們正在農(nóng)場摘蘋果。(3)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(如在最近按計(jì)劃或安排好要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)。Come, go, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與將來時(shí)間的狀語連用表示這種意義。例如：They are going to Shanghai this Friday.他們這個(gè)星期主要去上海。Tom is coming here next week. 湯姆下周要來這兒 。(4)說明：不是所有動(dòng)詞都能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的，如：see、like、want、know等動(dòng)詞往往都不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定、否定和疑問式及特殊疑問句

23、1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式：主語+be(am/ is/are)+doing+ 其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定形式：主語+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They aren' t writing .3) 一股疑問句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主語+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren' t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No

24、,they aren' t .4)特殊疑問句及回答：特殊疑問詞+be(am/ is/are)+主語+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing ( 要求就提問內(nèi)容具體回答).縮寫形式如下：I am- I ' mYou are- You' re He is- He' s She is- She' sIt is- It ' We are- We' re They are- They ' re動(dòng)詞的一ing形式的構(gòu)成(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 一ing 。例如：work working,

25、 study studying.(2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加一ing。例如:havehaving, live living.(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫出這字母， 冉力口一ing。 例如：run running, stop stopping, forget forgetting, begin beginning.、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的ing形式walk jump watch lieplaysing smoke dance drive runswim sit tieread eat、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子1. you(fly) a kite? Y

26、es,2. you(sit) in the boat?3. he(talk) with me?4. We(play) football now.5. Whatyou(do)?6. I(sing) an English song.7. What he(mend)?8. He(mend) a car.9. These boys(play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother(cook) in the kitchen.三、選擇1. Look. Lucy is a new bike today.A. jumping B. running C. riding D

27、 takeing2. The children football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a3. They TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. can ' t watch C. don ' t watchD. don ' t watching4. Listen! She in the classroom.A. is singing B. sing C .to sing D. is sing5.are you ea

28、ting? I'm eatingmeat.A. What,some B. Which,anyC. Where,not D. What,a6 . Is shesomething? A. eatB. eating C. eatting D. eats7 . I can ' t catch up with the fashion,because the clothes styleall thetime.A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed8 .Look! The childrenbasketball on the

29、 playground.A. plays B. played C. is playingD. are playing9 .Jack and Kettyin the lake. Let's join them,shall we?D. are swimminglunch together.A. swim B. have swum C. swam4.1 It' s six in the afternoon. The GreensA. has B. are having C. have had D. had had 一、1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are sitting, 3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5