高考英語 Unit10單元單詞短語句型知識(shí)梳理 大綱人教版第二冊(cè)

1、Unit 10理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋單詞1.frightening講：adj. 令人害怕的；可怕的vt.frighten嚇唬；使害怕adj.frightened害怕的；恐懼的例：It is frightening even to think of the horrors of nuclear war.核戰(zhàn)爭的恐怖狀況連想都不敢想。Tell him or her whether these things and situations frighten you and explain why.告訴他或她這些情況是否使你感到害怕并說明原因。Sorry,I didnt mean to frighten you

2、.對(duì)不起，我不是故意嚇唬你的。He was frightened by the danger.他對(duì)這種危險(xiǎn)感到恐懼。Frightened children were calling for their mothers.受驚嚇的孩子們呼喊著找媽媽。鏈接·提示 同義詞：terrify vt. 使害怕，嚇唬；terrified adj. 感到恐懼的；terrifying adj. 令人害怕的練：（2010湖北宜昌調(diào)研）_ by the bullets whistling by,the timid fellow hid his head in the bush,_.A.Frightened;

3、left his body exposingB.Frightening;and left his body exposedC.Frightening;leaving his body exposedD.Frightened;leaving his body exposed提示:本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。frighten與句子主語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)關(guān)系。leaving 是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，表示和hid同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。答案:D2.arrival講：n到達(dá)；到達(dá)的人或物（可數(shù)）短語on a persons arrival某人一到就例：Our time of arrival in To

4、kyo is four o clock.我們到東京的時(shí)間為四點(diǎn)。Im waiting for the arrival of the news.我在等待消息的到達(dá)。There are several arrivals at the hotel.旅館里到了幾個(gè)新客人。On(my)arrival home I was greeted by my parents.我一到家父母就問候我。鏈接·拓展 該詞的動(dòng)詞為arrive，注意比較和get to，reach的區(qū)別。arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞，可單獨(dú)作謂語，表示“到達(dá)”；接賓語時(shí)用短語arrive in（到大地方），arrive at（到小地方）

5、；get to短語表示“到達(dá)”時(shí)，后跟賓語，注意get home，get there；reach為及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須跟賓語。賓語既可以表示地點(diǎn)，也可以是人。如：Your letter reached me yesterday.我昨天收到了你的來信。練：However,on his_in Paris,he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison.A.return B.back C.arrival D.reach提示:短語on his arrival in“他一到達(dá)”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。答案:C3.bury 講：v.埋葬；忘記；掩埋短語:bury

6、oneself in/be buried in 埋頭于或?qū)Ｐ闹轮居诶篐e was buried with his wife.他和他妻子葬在一起。Hes dead and buried for years.他已死亡并埋葬多年了。The house was buried under ten feet of snow.那所房子被埋在十英尺厚的雪地下。Ten miners were buried alive when the accident happened.當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時(shí)，十名礦工被活活埋在里面。Its time to bury our differences and be friends aga

7、in.是我們擯棄分歧重歸于好的時(shí)候了。In the evenings he buries himself in his books.每天晚上他都埋頭于讀書。練：Quantities of precious jewelry were found_ under the sea.A.to be buried B.being buriedC.buried D.burying提示:此處用過去分詞作主語補(bǔ)足語，表示被動(dòng)。答案:C4.immediately講：adv.立刻，馬上；直接地，緊接地conj.一就例：I came immediately after Id eaten.我吃完飯馬上就來了。Do it

8、 immediately!馬上做這件事！You may leave immediately he comes.他一來你就可以離開。鏈接·提示 下列詞、短語和句型也可以表示“一就”的意思：directly,the moment,on doing.,hardly.when.,no sooner.than.。 The moment that I saw you I knew you were angry with me. 我一見到你，就知道你生我的氣了。 Directly when I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake. 我一做完這件事，就知道

9、我錯(cuò)了。練：_ the news of the victory in the newspaper,the people jumped with joy.A.On reading B.When readC.To read D.Read提示:on doing作狀語，表示“一就”。答案:A短語1.live through講：該短語為及物動(dòng)詞短語，表示“活過經(jīng)歷”例：The patient will not live through the night.那病人將無法活過今晚。He has lived through two wars and three revolutions.他經(jīng)歷兩次戰(zhàn)爭和三次革命

10、。They lived through the Second World War.他們經(jīng)歷過第二次世界大戰(zhàn)。get through 做/辦/看完；通過/讓通過；接通電話I will be with you as soon as I get through this work.我一做好這項(xiàng)工作就到你這兒來。I tried to telephone you but I couldnt get through.我設(shè)法打你的電話，但打不通。go through 審閱；檢查；討論；查看；看一遍；經(jīng)歷（困難、痛苦等），經(jīng)過（階段等）The country has gone through too many

11、 wars.這個(gè)國家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭。He thought it his duty to go through the papers.他認(rèn)為審閱這些文件是他的職責(zé)。練：They_all the details of the plan time and again to make sure that the project went smoothly.A.got through B.went throughC.got over D.dipped into提示:本題考查短語動(dòng)詞的辨析。根據(jù)句子的意思分析，此處用go through，表示“仔細(xì)討論”的意思。而get through“接通；通過”；g

12、et over“恢復(fù)；克服”；dip into“瀏覽”均和句子的意思不相符合。答案:B2.on end講：該短語為介詞短語，表示“直立堅(jiān)立；連續(xù)地”注意名詞前沒有冠詞。例：make ones hair stand on end（恐怖等）使人毛骨悚然He stood the box on end.他把箱子豎立起來。It snowed for three days on end.一連下了三天雪。鏈接·提示 at the end 結(jié)束；盡頭 She was at the end of the patience. 她已忍無可忍。 in the end 最后；終于 He tired again

13、 and again and succeeded in the end. 他一試再試，終于成功。 put an end to 結(jié)束；停止 The chief task of the moment is to put an end to the terrible pollution in the rivers.當(dāng)務(wù)之急是制止河流的嚴(yán)重污染。 come to an end 完畢；終止；結(jié)束 The meeting came to an end early. 會(huì)議很早就結(jié)束了。練：He placed the box _and sat on it.A.on end B.on the endC.at t

14、he end D.by the end提示:本句話的意思為“他把箱子豎起來，坐在上面”。答案:A句型1.upon/on+n./doing講：請(qǐng)觀察下面教材原句：Upon arrival，my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.一來到我叔叔就擁抱了龐貝，想給他點(diǎn)勇氣。upon arrival意為“剛一來到”。介詞upon或on后常接動(dòng)詞性的名詞或動(dòng)名詞，表示“剛就；一就”。例：On arriving in Beijing,I called him upon the phone.到了北京，我就打電話給他。She was joyful

15、upon seeing her child take his steps.看到孩子開始走路了，她很開心。Upon hearing from you,I shall let her know.收到你的來信，我就會(huì)立刻告訴她。練：Upon his _from Europe,he set to work at once.A.return B.backC.arrival D.reach提示:句意為：從歐洲剛回來，他就立刻著手工作。答案:A2.whether to do講：請(qǐng)觀察下面教材原句：He paused for a moment wondering whether to turn back as

16、 the captain urged him.他停了一會(huì)兒，想一想是否按船長的要求返回去。whether to do是固定用法，此時(shí)whether不可換成if。相當(dāng)于whether引導(dǎo)的從句。例：He doesnt know whether to stay or leave.他不知道是留下來還是離開。I have to decide whether to start now or to wait for him.我不得不決定是等他還是現(xiàn)在就開始。鏈接·提示 whether.or.為英語固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是抑或”，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。這時(shí)whether不能換成if。練：She really

17、didnt know _ to accept or refuse the mans offer.A.if B.whether C.what D.how提示:題意是“她當(dāng)時(shí)真不知道是該接受還是該拒絕那個(gè)人的幫助”。whether后可接不定式，if則不可。答案:B辨析raise,riseraise vt.意思是“舉起，抬起，升起，提高，提升，飼養(yǎng)，種植，引起”，后接賓語。rise vi.意思是“升起，上漲，增長，站起身來，起床”,不能帶賓語。即時(shí)練習(xí):(1)A good idea _ in my mind.(2)The temperature began to _in the afternoon.

18、(3)The ship which sank last week _to the surface.(4)The sun _in the east.(5)We all saluted as the National flag _in the schoolyard.(6)Who is the man that has _from his chair?(7)Dont _your plate from the table.(8)He _his hand to catch the chairmans attention.答案:(1)rose (2)rise (3)has been raised (4)rises (5)was raised (