變形量測作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書

1、.新建鐵路武漢至廣州客運專線烏龍泉至花都段站前工程第標(biāo)段第七單元 隧道施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書新建鐵路武漢至廣州客運專線烏龍泉至花都段第標(biāo)段變形量測作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書編 制 人： 審 核 人：技術(shù)負責(zé)人：單位負責(zé)人：中鐵五局武廣客運專線XXTJIV標(biāo)項目經(jīng)理部工程部二00六年十月 湖南郴州目 錄1、適用范圍- 2 -2監(jiān)控量測項目- 2 -21 必測項目- 2 -22 選測項目- 2 -3量測斷面的間距和量測頻率- 3 -31 洞內(nèi)、外觀察- 3 -3.2 隧道周邊位移量測- 4 -33 地表下沉量測- 5 -4量測的管理及人員、儀器配備- 6 -41 量測的管理- 6 -42 量測人員、儀器的配備- 6 -5

2、測點的埋設(shè)- 7 -6量測的方法及數(shù)據(jù)的處理- 8 -61 水平相對凈空變化量測- 8 -62 拱頂下沉量測- 11 -63 地表下沉量測- 12 -變形量測作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書1、適用范圍 “新奧法”的最大特點是采用與圍巖密貼噴混凝土、錨桿、鋼筋網(wǎng)等 ，并積極利用圍巖本身的支承能力來達到襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定。監(jiān)控量測工作是采用新奧法設(shè)計、施工的隧道在監(jiān)視隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性過程中必不可少的重要施工程序，它為初期支護和二次襯砌設(shè)計參數(shù)的調(diào)整提供依據(jù)，是確保施工及結(jié)構(gòu)運營安全、指導(dǎo)施工程序、便利施工管理的重要手段。2監(jiān)控量測項目隧道監(jiān)控量測的項目應(yīng)根據(jù)工程特點、規(guī)模大小和設(shè)計要求綜合選定。量側(cè)項目分為必測項目和選測項

3、目兩大類。本標(biāo)段主要監(jiān)控量測項目有：21 必測項目必測項目是在采用錨噴構(gòu)筑法施工時必須作為一道工序進行的項目，它包括：（1）洞內(nèi)外觀察；（2）水平相對凈空變化值的量測；（3）拱頂下沉量測。22 選測項目選測項目是根據(jù)圍巖性質(zhì)、隧道埋置深度、開挖方式等條件有選擇地進行的項目，它包括：（1）地表下沉量測；（2）圍巖內(nèi)部變形量測；（3）錨桿軸力量測；（4）圍巖壓力量測；（5）支護、襯砌應(yīng)力量測；（6）鋼架內(nèi)力及所承受的荷載量測；（7）圍巖彈性波速度測試。3量測斷面的間距和量測頻率31 洞內(nèi)、外觀察洞內(nèi)、外觀察是直接利用肉眼對隧道內(nèi)外圍巖及其支護、襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)變化進行觀察，以了解圍巖穩(wěn)定狀況，對隧道施工其

4、指導(dǎo)性作用。311 洞內(nèi)觀察洞內(nèi)觀察分開挖工作面觀察和已施工段觀察兩部分。（1）開挖工作面觀察開挖工作面觀察在每次開挖后進行，觀察內(nèi)容包括圍巖圍巖等級變化、節(jié)理發(fā)育程度、巖層及裂隙走向、地下滲水情況等。每次觀察后必須及時繪制開挖工作面地質(zhì)素描圖、填寫開挖工作面地質(zhì)狀態(tài)記錄表和施工階段圍巖級別判定卡（見附表1），對于易引起坍塌的巖塊及時進行錨桿支護或噴射混凝土封閉。（2）已施工段觀察對已施工段的觀察每天進行至少一次，主要觀察內(nèi)容為：噴射混凝土、錨桿、鋼架和二次襯砌的工作狀態(tài)，并作好詳細的記錄。3.1.2 洞外觀察洞外觀察應(yīng)每天進行一次，觀察重點在洞口段和洞身淺埋段，其觀察內(nèi)容為：地表開裂、地表沉

5、陷、邊坡及仰坡穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)、地表水滲透情況等。3.2 隧道周邊位移量測隧道周邊位移量測包括水平凈空變化值量測和拱頂下沉量測，在同一斷面內(nèi)進行。其量測斷面的間距應(yīng)根據(jù)圍巖級別、隧道斷面尺寸、埋置深度等確定（具體見下表）。量測頻率（具體見下表）根據(jù)變形速度和距開挖面距離較高的一個頻率選取。當(dāng)圍巖達到基本穩(wěn)定后，在以1次/7d的量測頻率量測23周后可結(jié)束量測；若位移長期沒有收斂趨勢，應(yīng)當(dāng)適當(dāng)延長量測時間，直到位移速率小于0.5mm/d時方可結(jié)束量測。拱頂下沉及周邊收斂量測間距表圍巖級別量測斷面間距(m)（淺埋）1015（深埋）2030（淺埋）1015（深埋）2030405050100拱頂下沉及周邊收斂量

6、測間距表變形速度（mm/d）量測斷面距開挖面距離（m）量測頻率5(01)B12次/天15(12)B1次/天0.51(12)B1次/2天0.20.5(25)B1次/2天0.25B1次/周33 地表下沉量測地表下沉量測根據(jù)隧道埋置深度、地質(zhì)條件、地表有無建筑物、所采用的開挖方式等因素確定是否進行。其測點應(yīng)布設(shè)在隧道中線上，且與測點在同一斷面上。其量測的間距按下表布置，量測頻率與周邊位移量頻率相同。當(dāng)需要進行橫斷面方向地表下沉量測時，其同一斷面取711個測點，測點間距取25m。地表下沉量測在開挖工作面前方H+h（隧道埋置深度+隧道高度）處開始，直至襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)封閉、下沉基本停止為止。地表下沉量測斷面間距

7、表埋置深度量測斷面間距(m)H2B2050BH2B1020H1.50.61.50.20.60.060.20.06延伸性極差差中等好極好粗糙度明顯臺階狀粗糙波紋狀平整光滑有檫痕平整光滑張開性(mm)密閉1.0黏土充填風(fēng)化程度未風(fēng)化風(fēng)化輕微風(fēng)化頗重風(fēng)化嚴(yán)重風(fēng)化極嚴(yán)重簡要說明地下水狀態(tài)滲水量 L/（min10m） (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 No. 4), resolutely implement the safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. Two is i

8、ssued safety production administration and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively assumed responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting system, prom

9、ote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of strengthening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassroots. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhe

10、re to the who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry must pipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe principle, the implementation of safe production supervision and stagnation to cure. The leadership responsible system. Production safe

11、ty of key towns, key enterprises and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tackle tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of one vote veto award and recogniti

12、on system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles against unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership team members do not have any illegal and other bad records, but the

13、re are still not strict, the implementation does not survive the problem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening style construction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of ten prohibitions, to solve

14、 the people most concerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to strengthen internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on let things drift, get free in the political norms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right an