人教版高一英語必修一Unit2知識點詳解

1、 必修1 Unit2語言點詳解-精品Part 1. Warming up 1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? 你知道有不止一種英語嗎？more than 的用法（1）more than 用在數(shù)字前，意為“比.多；超過.”，more than one 意為“不止一個”（含義為復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)）。More than one question was raised at the meeting.不止一個問題在會上被提出。（2）more than 用在名詞前，表示程度或加強語氣，意為“不僅僅，不只是”，相當于no

2、t only.He is more than a friend to me . He is my English teacher.他不僅僅是我的朋友，他還是我的英語老師。（3）more than 分開用在比較狀語從句中時，意為“比.更.；與其.倒不如.”（肯定定前面的內(nèi)容，否定后面的內(nèi)容）He is more brave than wise. 他有勇無謀。The book seems to be more a picture book than a storybook. 這本書與其說是故事書倒不如說是圖畫書。（4）more than +adj.很.非常. Im more than glad t

3、o help you. 我非常樂意幫助你。知識拓展 （1）more .than.的用法：more+adj./n.+than.為一個表示比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“比。”The problem is more complicated than we expected.這個問題比我們預(yù)料中要復(fù)雜得多。Youve actually given me more help than I need. 你其實沒有必要給我那么多幫助。（2）not more than意為 至多，不超過，它相當于at （the）most.Hes only a child of not more than 10. 他僅僅是個不到10歲的孩

4、子。（3）no more .than .的用法no more than 后面常接數(shù)詞，表示數(shù)量少，相當于only, 意為“僅僅，只有”To my surprise, no more than 5 members shared my idea.令我吃驚的是，只有5個成員同意我的觀點。no more .than .意為“和.一樣都不.”，表示對前后兩方面都否定。Dont ask him about it. He knows no more than you.別問他這件事了。他和你一樣對此一無所知例 China Daily is _a newspaper. It helps improve our

5、English.A.no more than B.no less tan C.more than D.not more than 2、Which country do you think has the most English learners?Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1、At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.在16世紀末，大約有五百萬到七百萬人說英語。 辨析 at the end of , by t

6、he end of, in the end at the end of.（1）在.的末端，到.的盡頭（表示場所）At the end of the road, youll find the factory easily.在這條路的盡頭你會很容易地找到那家工廠。（2）在.結(jié)束時，在.末（表示時間）I came across an old friend I hadnt seen for ages at the end of last month.上月底我偶然遇到了一位多年不見的老朋友。 by the end of +將來某一時間，作時間狀語，句子用將來完成時 eg. I will have fin

7、ished reading the book by the end of next month. +過去某一時間，作時間狀語，句子用過去完成時例3 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _in Beijing.A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed in the end 最后，終于，獨立作狀語，句子用一般過去時。2. Later in the next century, people from England

8、made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that,English began to be spoken in many other countries. because of, owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to都有“由于，因為”的意思，都是介詞短語，因此后面不可接從句。其中due to一般不置于句首。thanks to可以表達正面意思，“幸虧”，也可用于諷刺口吻中（近于諷刺口吻的“感謝”）。 用because，because of填空He was late

9、 _the heavy rain.（2）He was late _it rained heavily.3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英語為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相理解。even if/though 即使，盡管，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Even if I didnt know anybody at the party,I had a good time.盡管在聚會上我誰也不認識，但仍然玩得很開心。Ev

10、en though he has nothing else to do，he wont come to the concert. 即使他沒事做，也不會去聽音樂會?！咀⒁狻浚?）若主句和從句皆表示將來的情況，則 even if 從句可用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。 Weve decided to visit the museum even if/even though it rains tomorrow.（2）even if 從句的內(nèi)容不肯定；而even though 從句的內(nèi)容則是事實。He will not let out the secret even if he knows it.即使他知道這

11、個秘密，他也不會說出來。（他是否知道秘密不確定）He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.他雖然知道這個秘密，卻不肯說出來。（他知道這個秘密）例The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities， _they have the interest.A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if 4. Id like to come up to your apartment. come

12、up意為：走近；上來；提出；露出地面，發(fā)芽；發(fā)生 The sun has come up. 太陽升起來了。 The farmers will come up to Beijing. 那些農(nóng)民要去北京。 The seeds havent come up yet. 種子尚未發(fā)芽。 The question hasnt come up yet. 問題尚未被提出。 歸納總結(jié)come about發(fā)生 come over 順便來訪come on趕快，快點；加油come out 出來，出版come down 下來，傳承come across偶遇，碰到come true成為現(xiàn)實come up with想出，提

13、出come at 向.撲來，攻擊come from 來自例They_a new proposal for pushing sales (促銷)。A.come up to B.come up with C.come over D.come around例 用come 構(gòu)成的詞組填空（1）The hunter walked through the forest when suddenly a bear_him.（2）The magazine _once a month.（3）I wish you can _to England on your holiday.（4）He has_new ways

14、of saving energy.（5）They _an old friend in the street this morning.5、It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.當時的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而不是我們現(xiàn)在所講的英語。base.on.把.建立在.上；be based on .根據(jù).,以.為基礎(chǔ)。注意：在base.on.短語中，base 用作及物動詞，主動語態(tài)中，base 后通常有賓語，否則base 應(yīng)以被動的形式出現(xiàn)。The story is based on/upon the fact

15、.故事是以事實為基礎(chǔ)的。present n.禮物；adj.在場的，目前的；vt.贈送The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.這輛山地自行車是父母送給我的生日禮物。I am afraid I cant help you at present.恐怕現(xiàn)在我沒辦法幫助你。Were you present when the decision was announced?宣布那項決定時你在場？In the present case,I advise you to wait.按照目前的情況看，我建議你等等。May I present m

16、y new assistant to you?請允許我向你介紹我的新助手好嗎？短語拓展at present意為：目前，現(xiàn)在 at the present time (=for the present)眼前，暫時 be present at the meeting出席會議 be present to mind放在心里；記憶猶新 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物贈給某人注意：present (作前置定語)現(xiàn)在的，當前的；（作后置定語）出席的，到場的He doesnt know how to deal with the present situ

17、ation.(前置定語，現(xiàn)在的，當前的）The people present at he meeting are advanced workers.（后置定語，出席的，到場的）6.So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到17世紀時，莎士比亞所用發(fā)的詞匯量比以往任何時候都大。by the 1600s到17世紀時。The 1600s也可以寫成the 1600s。make use of為固定短語，意為“利用”，在名詞use之前可以加上形容詞，表示不同程度的利

18、用。Human beings，especially the Chinese, should make full use of their natural resources.人類，尤其是中國人，應(yīng)該充分利用自然資源。注意：make use of有時可用于被動語態(tài)中短語拓展make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用come into use 開始被使用 in use 正在用put to use 利用，使用 use up 用完，耗盡例If better use is _your spare time, youll make good progress i

19、n doing your business.A.spent B.made of C.used for D.taken7、For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speaker.例如，印度擁有許多講英語很流利的人.a large number of 許多，大量A large number of students have failed the exam. 許多學生考試不及格。辨析 a number of ,the number ofa number of 后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，當該短語作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許

20、多，大量”the number of 后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，當該短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式，意為“.的數(shù)量”例如，A large number of students have failed the exam and the number of them is30.許多學生考試不及格，數(shù)量是30.例The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _rising steadily since 1997.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been8、Only time will tell.

21、 這只能由時間來回答了。tell vi.(確定地)說出；vt.分辨；區(qū)分。Its too early to tell now.現(xiàn)在進行判斷還為時過早。I really cant tell which is which. 我實在分辨不出哪個是哪個。知識拓展（1）tell vt. 告訴。tell sb sth/tell sth to sb 告訴某人某事He told the news to everybody he saw.他逢人便講這個消息。（2）tell vt. 命令；吩咐。tell sb to do sth 命令/吩咐某人做某事。He was told to sit down and wai

22、t. 有人吩咐他坐下等著。tell a lie 說謊 tell a story 講故事 tell the difference between A and B 說出A與B之間的區(qū)別tell (sb.) the truth 對（某人）說實話例 If anyone happens to drop in while I am out,_him or her leave a message.A.have B.get C.ask D.tell Part 3. Learning about Language1.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak Eng

23、lish as well as a native English speaker.對中國人來說，想把英語說得像英國人一樣好，并不是件容易的事。 本句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to do。該句是句式“It is/was+adj.(+for sb.)+to do.”的具體應(yīng)用，for sb.表示不定式to do.的動作是由誰發(fā)出的。當作表語的形容詞是表示不定式邏輯主語的特征，即形容詞用來描述不定式行為發(fā)出者的性格、品行等時，要用“It is/was+adj.+of sb.+to do.”句型。此類形容詞常見的有：kind,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,w

24、ise,stupid,rude,careless,brave,polite等。在這種句型中，sb.可以作句子的主語。as well as 同級比較，“和.一樣好”；還可表示“也，和”，連接主語時謂語動詞采用就遠原則。Your elder brother as well as you is kind to me.as well是副詞，相當于too,一般放在句末。Mr Liu can speak English. He can speak French as well.might/may(just) as well do sth. 倒不如做。吧，還是做。的好We might as well lea

25、ve at once.我們倒不如立刻離開的好。2. As we know, British English is a little different from/ than American English. 正如我們所知道的那樣，英式英語與美式英語有點兒不同。（P11）(1) as在句中作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代替后面整句話的內(nèi)容，as在定語從句中充當動詞know的賓語。as引導(dǎo)從句表示說話人的看法、態(tài)度或給出某種解釋或評論。As is known to all, he is a great writer. 我們都知道，他是一位偉大的作家。The earth is round, a

26、s we all know. 眾所周知，地球是圓的。(2) “a little+ 形容詞或副詞的原級”意為“有點兒；稍微”。After working, he was a little tired. 工作后，他有點兒累了。知識拓展 “a little+ 不可數(shù)名詞”意為“少量的；一點兒”。Eg. There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有點兒水。 “a little+ 形容詞或副詞的比較級”意為“較；稍微一點兒”Eg. He is a little taller than I. 他比我高一點兒。 當a little修飾形容詞、副詞原級或比較級時，相當

27、于a bit,但not a bit卻與not a little含義不同. not a bit意為“一點兒也不”，相當于not at all,而not a little 相當于very much.Lets have a rest. Im a little / bit tired. 我們休息一會兒吧。我有點兒累。He has given us not a little trouble. 他給我們帶來了很多麻煩。 “a bit of + 單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞”意為“一小塊；一點兒”。3.Can you find the following command and request from Readi

28、ng?command “n. /vt. 命令，指令，掌握”(1)in command of 由指揮under /in/at the command of sb.在指揮之下have (a) good command of掌握；精通（尤指語言）（2）command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that.(should) do.命令 He commanded the soldiers to attack.=He commanded that the soldiers (should) attack.他命令士兵們進攻。 I never promised to obey he

29、r commands.（作為命令，指令時可數(shù)）我從未答應(yīng)服從她的命令。 Mr. Smith has （a ）good command of spoken English.（作為運用能力，掌握時不可數(shù)，但有時前可加a) 史密斯先生對英語口語掌握得很好。request v.& n.請求，要求request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事at the request of ab.=at ones request 應(yīng)某人的要求request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物用所給詞的適當形式填空 He reque

30、sted me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports.Part 4. Using Language 1. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標準英語。（1）Believe it or not在句中通常作插入語，表明說話者的語氣

31、或態(tài)度。Eg. Believe it or not, the eight-year-old boy can speak 3 foreign languages. 信不信由你，這個8歲的男孩子會說三門外語?！咀⒁狻縝elieve sb表示“相信某人所說的話”；believe in sb表示“信任某人的本質(zhì)”。巧學妙用I believe you but I dont believe in you. 我相信你的話，但我不信任你這個人?！局R拓展】常用作插入語的還有：judging from/ by 從判斷；generally speaking 一般說來；to tell the truth 說實話；

32、to be sure 確切的說；to be frank 坦率的說； I think/ believe/ suppose 我認為/相信；You know/ see 你知道； To be honest 說實話 (2) such與all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several連用時，應(yīng)位于它們的后面，但放在a/ an 的前面。many such books 許多這樣的書several such songs 幾首這樣的歌no such kid 沒這種孩子 當名詞用表示多少的many, much, few, little 等修飾時，用so. so

33、 many people 那么多的人 2. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 這是因為在早期的電臺節(jié)目里，人們期望那些新聞播音員所說的英語是完美的英語。expect vt. 期望；指望；預(yù)期，在口語中作“以為；料想”講，后面可接名詞、代詞、不定式、帶不定式的復(fù)合賓語及“that從句”等。具體用法如下：（1）接名詞或代詞She was expecting a phone call from her son

34、. 她在等著兒子的電話。（2）接不定式Y(jié)ou cant expect to learn a foreign language in a month. 不要指望一個月就能學會一門外語。(3) 接帶不定式的復(fù)合賓語I expect you to go home early. 我期望你早點兒回家。(4) 接“that從句”。We expected that he would come to the meeting. 我們原以為他會來參加會議的。(5) 接代詞so或not.-Is it going to rain this weekend? 這個周末會下雨嗎？-I expect so. 我想會的。-I

35、 dont expect so. / I expect not. 我想不會的。 3. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. 然而，在電視和收音機里，你也會聽出人們說話時的差異。 （1）however adv. 可是，然而，在句中作插入語，常放在句首或句中，也可放在句末，一般用逗號將其與句子隔開。Eg. He promised to come. However, he didnt come. 他答應(yīng)來。可是，他并沒有來?！局R拓展】however也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，一般后接

36、“形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語動詞”。Eg. However hot it is, he will not take off his coat. 無論天多熱，他也不會脫掉外套。You cannot catch up with a car, however fast you run. 無論你跑多快，也趕不上汽車。（2）in the way是“以方式”的意思，后面省略了定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。在定語從句中，當先行詞是the way時，如果在定語從句中作主語和賓語時，常用that引導(dǎo)；如果在定語從句中作方式狀語時，則用that/ in which/ 引導(dǎo)或省略引導(dǎo)詞。This is the way that

37、helps me a lot.這就是對我?guī)椭艽蟮姆椒ā dont like the way he thought of. 我不喜歡他想出的方法。I like the way (that/ in which) she organized the meeting. 我喜歡她組織會議的方法?！径陶Z拓展】 by the way 順便說說，順便提起in a way 有幾分，稍微，在某種程度上，有保留地in the way 阻礙，阻擋，以方式 on ones way to 在某人去的途中例 you may have, you should gather your courage to face the

38、 challenge.A However a serious problem B What a serious problemC However serious a problem D What serious a problem4. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. 地理位置對方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。play a part/role in意為“在中起作用，在中扮演角色”。Eg. The wheat plays an important part in our life.小麥在我們的生活中起著重要的作用。He has played a

39、part in the TV play. 他在這部電視劇中扮演一個角色。5. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.因此，美國東南部山區(qū)的人同美國西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。（1） 本句中的the same修飾dialect,此時dialect后面的as.應(yīng)看作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。（2）使用as時，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的動詞可以省略，但使用that時定語從句中的動詞不可省略。Women

40、 received the same pay that men received.女人得到的薪水和男人的一樣。（3）its the same with.意為“.也一樣”，表示某人或某物的情況也適用于另一個人或物。John studies well and is always ready to help others. And it is the same with Mike.約翰學習好，又樂于助人。邁克也一樣。【知識拓展】 “the same+ n. + as引導(dǎo)的定語從句”表示同類事物；“the same + n. +that引導(dǎo)的定語從句”表示同一事物；“the same+ n.+ whe

41、n / where引導(dǎo)的定語從句”中when和where在從句中作狀語。Eg. He wears the same hat that he wore yesterday. 他戴著昨天戴的那頂帽子。（同一事物）Id like to buy the same hat as he wears today. 我想買一頂他今天戴的那樣的帽子。（同一類食物）The witness led the police to the same place where the robbery had happened.目擊者把警察領(lǐng)到了搶劫案發(fā)生的地方。（where作狀語）【注意】“the same+ n.”之后接定

42、語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞的確定一要看引導(dǎo)詞在句中充當?shù)某煞郑磸木渌磉_的內(nèi)容是同一事物還是同一類事物。6. Although many American move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects. 雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常搬遷，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e并理解彼此的方言。recognize vt. 辨認出；承認；公認Eg. She came home so thin and weak that her own children hardly recognized her. 她回家時又瘦又虛弱，連她自己的孩子都幾乎

43、認不出她來了。Lawrences novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius. 勞倫斯的小說最后被公認為天才之作。【短語拓展】recognize sb 認出某人 recognize ones voice 聽出某人的聲音recognizeas 認定/承認為recognize sb/ sth to be 認為某人/ 某物是 recognize that 承認【辨析】 recognize, realize, knowrecognize 指原來很熟悉，經(jīng)過一段時間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認出來。realize 強調(diào)在經(jīng)過一個過程后的了解。know 是延續(xù)性動詞，指相互間十分熟悉、十分了解。例 用recognize，realize和know的適當形式填空（1）Only after you lose your health will you the importance of health.(