2018高考英語書面表達增分點(附：書面表達必備詞匯)(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2018年高考英語書面表達加分點書面表達審題“三步走”，步驟指導(dǎo)第一步：定體裁、中心審題準(zhǔn)審題確定方向，行文緊扣主題根據(jù)提示，首先要弄清寫何種體裁的文章，是記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文，還是議論文。無論提供材料的方式是文字描述，還是圖畫或表格，要求文章的主要體裁是唯一的。近幾年全國卷寫作考查書信類居多，在確定是應(yīng)用文的書信類之后，還要審是建議信、請求信、道歉信還是推薦信等，要求寫的是說明介紹、解釋原因還是計劃安排等。第二步：定要點、人稱、時態(tài)要點準(zhǔn)要點全而不漏要點要全：根據(jù)要點提示，提取keywords, 擬定topic sentences。定要點時要弄清什么該寫，什么不該

2、寫;哪些該詳寫，哪些該略寫。人稱要對：審人稱，即用什么人稱來表達。書信中常常會用到第一、二人稱，但在涉及其他人、物介紹說明時，常用第三人稱。時態(tài)要準(zhǔn)：講述現(xiàn)在的情況應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時;涉及計劃打算時，常用一般將來時;涉及對以往的敘述時，常用一般過去時。當(dāng)然情態(tài)動詞的恰當(dāng)運用，也會使表達更加準(zhǔn)確，語氣更加自然。第三步：定段落結(jié)構(gòu)美行文條理清晰，力避一段到底，根據(jù)寫作提示內(nèi)容與要點，常采用二段式或三段式的段落模式。實戰(zhàn)演練【典例】 ( 2015全國卷)假如你是李華，計劃和同學(xué)去敬老院（nursing home)陪老人們過重陽節(jié)(the Double Ninth Festival)。請給外教露西寫封郵件

3、，邀她一同前往，內(nèi)容包括：1.出發(fā)及返回時間;2.活動：包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫;3.結(jié)語已為你寫好。Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【審題步驟】第一步:定體裁、中心體裁：an email of invitation主題：a plan to visit the nursing home第二步:定要點、人稱、時態(tài)寫作要點：Point 1：to invite Lucy to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing homePoint 2：to he

4、lp the elderly therePoint 3：the time to set off at 9 in the morning; the time to comeback：around 4 oclock in the afternoonPoint 4：activities making dumplings and cakes， dancing and playingGames人稱：采用第一、二人稱時態(tài)：以一般將來時為主第三步：定段落Para. 1：介紹重陽節(jié)，概述活動計劃Para. 2：具體活動安排Para. 3：發(fā)出邀請及提醒【參考范文】Dear Lucy，The Double Ni

5、nth Festival，which is the day set aside for the elderly in our culture，is drawing near. Our class plan is to visit the nursing home this Sunday in order to help the elderly there and enrich our afterclass life at the same time.Here are some detailed arrangements during our stay there. Well make dump

6、lings and cakes with the elderly people. Well also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which will make them happy. We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon as planned. Im convinced that the activity will be enjoyable and meaningful. If youd like to join us，please

7、 let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning. Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua遣好詞造妙句，秒變“高大上”在高考書面表達閱卷中，最忌諱的就是大眾化的詞匯和平庸的表達,要想得高分，就得多用高級詞匯，注意遣詞造句。1.三大原則教你正確使用"高級詞匯"原則一："棄舊取新"原則閱卷老師偏愛"學(xué)得晚"的單詞，因為使用學(xué)得比較晚的單詞，可以體現(xiàn)學(xué)生"學(xué)以致用"的意識。例如，

8、表示"美麗的"形容詞，同學(xué)們首先想到的是初中詞匯beautiful，用高中詞匯appealing，ttractive，charming和fascinating等來替換beautiful，可以為書面表達提分不少。原則二： "短語優(yōu)先"原則高考書面表達中，多使用詞組和習(xí)語來代替一些單詞可以起到增加文采的作用。例如，first可用to begin / start with 替換;besides可以用in addition和what is more替換;consider可以用take o consideration/account替換;rememb

9、er可以用 keep in mind替換。原則三："避免重復(fù)"原則同學(xué)們要想寫出一篇好的書面表達，就要盡量避免重復(fù)多次使用同一個簡單的單詞。例如，反復(fù)使用should，這時考生應(yīng)該充分發(fā)散思維，靈活地運用短語be supposed to 和had better等進行替換。2.常用詞的高級"變身"1. devote替換spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. He devotes all his spare time to reading.2. average替換ordinaryIm an average(

10、ordinary) student.3. but替換veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.4. seat 替換sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated(sitting) by the road, looking worried.5. suppose 替換shouldHe is supposed to(should) have driven more slo

11、wly.6. appreciate替換thankThank you very much for your help. We appreciate your help very much.7. the case替換trueI dont think it is the case(true).8. on替換as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. On his arrival, he began his research.9. due to替換because ofHe arrived late due to(because of)

12、 the storm.10. cover替換walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.11. contribute to替換 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.12. round the corner替換coming soon/ nearby The sum

13、mer vacation is round the corner(coming soon). Do you have any plans? Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).13. come to light替換discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.14. have a ball替換have a

14、 good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).15. come up with替換think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with (thinks of) new ideas.16. set aside替換saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket

15、 money for books.17. be of + n. 替換adj.The products are of high quality (very good) and are sold everywhere in China.18. refer to替換talk about/of，mentionThe professor you referred to(talked about ) is very famous.19. lest替換so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not for

16、get it. I wrote down his telephone number lest I forget it.20. be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替換be interested inHe is caught up in (interested in) collecting stamps.21. more than替換veryIm very glad to learn that you are coming in September. Im more than glad to learn that

17、 you are coming in September.22. perfect(ly) 替換good/ very wellHe speaks perfect(good) English./ He speaks English perfectly(very well).23. do sb. a favor替換helpWould you please do me a favor(help me) to turn down the radio?24. in the course of替換duringIn the course of(During) the mountain-climbing, pl

18、ease help each other and pay special attention to your safety.25. the majority of替換mostThe majority of(Most of) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.26. consist of替換be made up ofOur class consists of (is made up of) 50 students.27. be worn out替換 be tired / broken After

19、five hours non-stop work, we were all worn out(tired). My shoes are worn out(broken). Please buy me a new pair.28. attend to替換look after29. on condition that替換as long as30. nevertheless替換however3.高級句型結(jié)構(gòu) It句型 It will be + some time + beforeIt wont be long before humans visit the Mars. It is + adj./ n

20、.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much. It is + 被強調(diào)部分 + thatIt is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge. more than any other 表示最

21、高級Indian produces more films than any other country in the world. 名詞從句 It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. My hometown is no longer what it used to be.(非限制性)定語從句 The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese

22、School.改為：The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. It was quite an experience for us both. Ill never forget it for the rest of my life.改為：It was quite an experience for us both, which Ill never forget for the rest of my life. 分詞結(jié)構(gòu) I dont know about o

23、thers, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. Well mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and

24、 inventor. with結(jié)構(gòu) A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured. He was carrying a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. 倒裝句 The library is to the east of the teaching building.改為：East of the teaching building is the library. A

25、lthough we are tired, we are happy.改為：Tired as we are, we are happy. He can grow to be a useful man only in this way.改為：Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. 被動語態(tài) Opinions are divided on the question. All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. Ne

26、w factories, houses and roads have been built. 巧妙的改寫 Only等于no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week.改為：No one but Tom passed the exam. as soon as 可用No soonerthan / Hardlywhen代替As soon as we had arrived at the cinema, the film started改為：No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started

27、. have sb /sth / doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken改為：The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg was broken 變換插入語的位置However, they suggest fees should be charged low.They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.I think this is a good chance for you to show

28、your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese.This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese. 用同位語代替非限制性定語從句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.改為：Meimei, a girl of seven, has been lea

29、rning to ride a bicycle for several days. 其他1. 注重句子的開頭 用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)開頭With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, weve learned how to analyze and settle problems. 用非謂語動詞形式開頭In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.Walking towards the

30、cinema, he met a foreigner.2. 長短句交錯使用(注意：應(yīng)突出主題句;長句子并非越長越好) 相關(guān)過渡語1. 表示時間順序: first，then，afterwards，meanwhile，later，first of all，finally，at last等2. 表示空間順序: near，next to，far from，in front of，on the left，on one side等3. 表示比較、對照: like，unlike，such as，but，however，on the other hand，on the contrary，nevertheles

31、s，otherwise等4. 表示因果關(guān)系: because，for，as a result，therefore，thus等5. 表示遞進關(guān)系: besides，whats more，what was worse，moreover，furthermore，in addition等6. 表示并列關(guān)系: and，as well as，also等7. 表示總結(jié)性: in general，in a word，in short，on the whole，to sum up，in brief，to conclude等書面表達熱點話題必備詞匯熱點話題的基本詞匯是你順利完成寫作的保證，而其亮點詞匯是你得高分的

32、催化劑，兩者都掌握才能既有內(nèi)容又有質(zhì)量。話題一：中學(xué)生的愛好與興趣基本詞匯：favorite(最喜歡的);taste(愛好，志趣); read novels(讀小說);surf the Internet(上網(wǎng)); chat online(在線聊天);collect stamps(集郵); make e|friends(交網(wǎng)友); climb mountains(爬山);enjoy pop music(喜歡流行音樂)亮點詞匯：develop an interest in(在方面培養(yǎng)興趣); be fond of(喜歡);be keen on(對著迷); have a taste in(喜愛);h

33、obby(業(yè)余愛好);be interested in(對感興趣);have a great love for(非常喜愛)話題二：友誼基本詞匯：make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友); a strong personality (個性強); personal matters(私事); friendly(友好的); a close friend(一個親密的朋友); trust each other (互相信任); share.with sb.(與某人分享); keep in touch with sb. (與某人保持聯(lián)系); stay best friends with sb

34、. (和某人保持很好的友誼); a friend in need(患難之交)亮點詞匯：get to know sb.(認(rèn)識某人); know sb. very well(熟知某人); precious(珍貴的); worthy(有價值的);understanding(善解人意的);be loyal to(對忠誠);keep sb. company.(陪伴，做伴)話題三：招聘與求職基本詞匯：employ(雇用); full|time(全職的); part|time(兼職的); well|paid(薪水高的); be paid by the hour(按小時發(fā)工資); subject(課程);wo

35、rking experience(工作經(jīng)驗); health(健康狀況); present address(目前的地址);graduate from(畢業(yè)于); degree(學(xué)位); scholarship(獎學(xué)金); good grades(良好的成績);be good at(擅長); perienced(有經(jīng)驗的); confident(自信的); English and computer ability(英語和計算機能力)亮點詞匯：requirement(要求); resume(簡歷);schooling(學(xué)校教育); qualification(資格，學(xué)歷); tran (學(xué)生成績報

36、告單);apply for(申請); be skilled in/at(在方面熟練); major in(主修);minor in(輔修)話題四：中學(xué)生健康問題基本詞匯：physical and mental condition(身體與精神狀況); strong(強壯的); unhealthy/healthy(不健康的/健康的); fat(太胖的); thin(瘦的); nearsighted/shortsighted(近視的); normal(正常的); abnormal(不正常的); energetic(精力旺盛的); eating habit(飲食習(xí)慣); eat too much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品); stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康); enough sleep(充足的睡眠); good living habit(良好的