初一英語下冊知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)

1、 佳樂教育內(nèi)部資料初一英語下冊知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)17【知識(shí)梳理】I. 重點(diǎn)短語1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do ones homework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast 19. have lunch20. hav

2、e supper21. listen to22. notat all23. putaway24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factory II. 重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about somethi

3、ng to eat?6. How do you spell ?7. May I borrow? III. 交際用語1. Thanks very much!You're welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. What's wrong?4. I think so. I don't think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorrow. O

4、K.9. What's your favourite sport?10. Don't worry.11.Im (not) good at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. That's right./ Thats all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They dont have any CDs.16. -What da

5、y is it today / tomorrow?-Its Monday.17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please? -Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. What's your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)-No, I don't. ( I don't lik

6、e them at all.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00. IV. 重要語法1.人稱代詞的用法；2. 祈使句；3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法；4動(dòng)詞have的用法；5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成

7、和用法；6可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】1. That's right./ Thats all right./ All right.Thats right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如："I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。""That's right."或 "You're right.""說得對"。Thats all right.意為“不用謝”、“沒關(guān)系”

8、，用來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如："Many thanks." "That's all right." "Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”"Please tell me about it." "請把此事告訴我。" "All right.""好吧。"Is your moth

9、er all right?你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？Hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)。3. say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口語化的最普通的一個(gè)詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去?！盤lease say it in English

10、.請用英語說。speak : “說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如：Can you speak about him? 你能不能說說他的情況？I dont like to speak like this. 我不喜歡這樣說話。speak 作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語言等連用，表達(dá)在對話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：She speaks English well.她英語說得好。talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說話的動(dòng)作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞， 不過，talk 暗示話是對某人說的，有較強(qiáng)的對話意味，著重指連續(xù)

11、地和別人談話。如：I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell : “告訴”,除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如：Hes telling me a story.他在給我講故事。tell a lie 撒謊 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth 如：.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.4. do cooking/ do the cookingdo

12、 cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動(dòng)名詞，不能用作復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 買些東西do some reading 讀書do some writing 寫些東西do some fishing 釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。go shopping 去買東西go fishing 去釣魚go boating 去劃船go swimming

13、去游泳5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.like doing sth. 與like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動(dòng)作。例如：He likes playing football, but he doesnt like to play football with Li Ming.他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6. other/ others/ the other/ anotherother表其余的，別的，如：Have you any other questions?

14、你還有其他問題嗎?others 別的人，別的東西.如：In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美國人,其他的是法國人。the other表另一個(gè)（二者之中）one，the other如：One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一個(gè)學(xué)中文。another表三者以上的另一個(gè)，另一些如：There is room for another few books on the shelf.書

15、架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。7. in the tree/ on the treein the tree 與 on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事（不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西）落在樹上，表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時(shí)，要使用on the tree.如：There are some apples on the tree. 那棵樹上有些蘋果。There is a bird in the tree. 那棵樹上有只鳥。8. some/ any some和 any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。(1

16、)some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。如：There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn't any water in the glass.(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中，或在表示請求，邀請的疑問句中，我們依然用some。如：Would you like some tea?9. tall/ high (1)說人，動(dòng)物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用tall，不用high，例如 a tall woman 一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn) tall horse 一個(gè)高大的馬 (

17、2)說一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí)，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上時(shí)，飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí)，例如： He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在樹上。 The plane is so high in the sky. 飛機(jī)在空中這么高。 (3)指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以，不過high的程度比tall高。 (4)high可作副詞，tall不能。 (5)tall的反義詞為short, high的反義詞為low.10. can/ could(1) can表示體力和腦力方面的能力，或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的"能力"。例如：Can yo

18、u ride a bike?你會(huì)騎自行車嗎?What can I do for you？要幫忙嗎？Can you make a cake？你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎？(2) can用在否定句和疑問句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說話人的"懷疑""猜測"或不肯定。例如：Where can he be？他會(huì)在什么地方呢？Can the news be true？這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧？You can't be hungry so soon，Tom，you've j

19、ust had lunch.湯姆，你不可能餓得這么快，你剛吃過午飯。What can he mean？他會(huì)是什么意思？在日常會(huì)話中，can可代替may表示"允許"，may比較正式。例如：You can come in any time.你隨時(shí)都可以來。- Can I use your pen？我能用你的鋼筆嗎？- Of course，you can.當(dāng)然可以。You can have my seat，I'm going now.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。(3) could could 是 can的過去式，表示過去有過的能力和可能性（在否定和疑問句中）。例如例如：Th

20、e doctor said he could help him.（能力）醫(yī)生說他能幫助他。Lily could swim when she was four years old.（能力）當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。At that time we thought the story could be true.（可能性）那時(shí)我們以為所說的可能是真的。could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，但語氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如：Could I speak to John，please？我能和約翰說話嗎？Could you？在口語中表示請求對方做事。例如：Could you wait half an hour？請

21、你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎？Could you please ring again at six？六點(diǎn)鐘請你再打電話好嗎？(4) can的形式只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)，有時(shí)也能表示將來。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)（包括將來時(shí)）須用be able to加動(dòng)詞不定式來表示。例如：They have not been able to come to Beijing.他們沒有能到北京來。初二知識(shí)點(diǎn)：Unit 1  Where did you go on vacation?一、重點(diǎn)短語 go

22、60;on vacation去度假                      stay at home待在家里                    

23、      go to the mountains去爬山  go to the beach去海灘                    visit museums 參觀博物館      &#

24、160;        go to summer camp去參觀夏令營  quite a few相當(dāng)多                            study&

25、#160;for為而學(xué)習(xí)                          go out出去 most of the time大部分時(shí)間         taste good嘗起來很好吃 &

26、#160;                have a good time玩得高興  of course當(dāng)然                       

27、60;            feel like給的感覺；感受到           go shopping去購物         in the past在過去       

28、60;                      walk around四處走走                      because 

29、of因?yàn)?#160; one bowl of 一碗                   the next day第二天                     

30、           drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明                         go on   繼續(xù)   &

31、#160;                                    something important重要的事   up and down上上下下 &#

32、160;                  come up出來                              

33、;               take photos照相二、句型集萃  buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物              taste + 

34、;adj. 嘗起來    seem+（to be）+ adj.  看起來                         keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / ar

35、rive at+小地點(diǎn)    到達(dá)某地                           tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事 try doing s

36、th.嘗試做某事 / try to do sth.盡力去做某事              decide to do sth.決定去做某事  forget doing sth.忘記做過某事/forget to do sth.忘記做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事&#

37、160;                                                 &#

38、160;           want to do sth.想去做某事   stop doing sth. 停止做某事        dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事    Why not do. sth.?為什

39、么不做呢？                                            so+adj.+that   如

40、此以至于 look+adj. 看起來      start doing sth.開始做某事Section A1.Where did you go on vacation?  你去哪里度假了？ 1）這是有疑問副詞where引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，where用來詢問地點(diǎn)和場所，放在句首。 a._ do you _ _?你從哪里來？    

41、2）go on vacation意為“去度假”。 I want _ _ _ _in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2.visited my uncle  看望了我的叔叔 visit是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“拜訪；探望” visit還可以意為“參觀；游覽” a.I visited my grandmother last week. &#

42、160;上周我去_了我的外婆。 b.Do you want to visit Shanghai?     你想_上海嗎？  拓展：visitor意為“參觀者；游客”。  eg: These visitors come from America.3.buy anything special  買特別的東西。 1）buy及物動(dòng)詞，意為“買；購買”。其過

43、去式為_。          拓展：buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意為“給某人買某物”。 My uncle_ _a bike.= My uncle_ _for me.  2)anything不定代詞，意為“某事；某件東西”，主要用于疑問句或否定句中。 a.Do you want&

44、#160;anything from me?           3) anything special表示“特別的東西”，形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)后置。           a. Is there_ _in this book?這本書里有新的內(nèi)容嗎？4.Oh, did y

45、ou go anywhere interesting?哦，你去有趣的地方了嗎？ 1）本句是did開頭的一般疑問句 辨析：anywhere與somewhere   anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。 eg:I cant find it anywhere.    somewhere意為“在某處；到某處”，常用于肯定句中。 eg:I lost my key somew

46、here near here. 5.We took quite a few photos there.我們在那里拍了不少照片。  take photos 意為“照相；拍照”。 eg:We_ _on the Great Wall.我們在長城上照了相。 辨析：quite a few與quite a little  quite a f

47、ew 意為“很多;不少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)； quite a little 意為“很多;不少”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 a. He stays here for _ _ _days.    b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子). Section B1.  What acti

48、vities do you find enjoyable? 你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么活動(dòng)讓人快樂？ 1）activities是activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“活動(dòng)”。 Students like outdoor activities.  _  2）enjoyable形容詞，意為“愉快的；快樂的”。   Im sure we will have an enjoyable 

49、vacation.  我確信我們將會(huì)有一個(gè)愉快的假期。2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到達(dá)了馬來西亞的檳城。 辨析：arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) get to +地點(diǎn)      

50、          reach+地點(diǎn) （注：地點(diǎn)副詞home，here，there前介詞省略）    eg：I  _  (到達(dá)) school at 8：00 oclock yesterday.   3. so we decided to go to the&

51、#160;beach near our hotel 因此我們決定到旅館附近的海灘上去。 decide to do sth.意為“決定做某事”。  eg: They _ _ _the museum.他們決定去參觀博物館。 拓展：decide后常跟“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”做賓語。 He cant decide when _ _(leave) 他不能決定何時(shí)動(dòng)身。4.

52、0;My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我嘗試了滑翔傘運(yùn)動(dòng)。      try此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，其后常接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式，意為“嘗試；試圖，設(shè)法；努力” 拓展：try也可用作名詞，意為“嘗試”，常用短語“have a try”，意為“試一試”。 I want to have a try.我想試一試。 辨析： 1）try doi

53、ng sth. 嘗試做某事，表示一種嘗試、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。 2）try to do sth.盡力、設(shè)法去做某事，表示想盡一切辦法要把事情辦成，強(qiáng)調(diào)付出努力設(shè)法去完成。 a. I _  _ him, but no one answered. 我試著給他打電話了，但沒有人接聽。           

54、60;      b. Im  _  _  _ English well. 我正盡力把英語學(xué)好。Unit 2. How often do you exercise?Section A.Name each part of the body? Follow me :Everybody moves your bodyNod your head and touch your faceTouch your nose and close your

55、eyesTouch your ears and clap your handsRaise your arms and look at your backTouch your stomach and tap your footSit down and move your legsWhats the matter with him?He has a cold.He has a fever.Whats the matter?He has a sore back.He has a sore neck.She has a sore throat.Whats the matter with him? He

56、 has a headache.He has a toothache. He has a stomachache.Pair work: Make conversations with your partner with the following pictures:A: Whats the matter?B: Im not feeling well. I have a fever.A: When did it start?B: About two days ago.A: Oh, thats too bad. You should have a rest.B: Thank you .Thats a good idea.A: I hope you feel better soon. How can we stay healthy?Eat right! sleep right! exercise to keep right!Section B.A : How often do you exercise ?B : I exercise every day.A : And how often do you.?B : .Talk about your good habits. Talk abo