情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +have+done 是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)之一，現(xiàn)將其用法總結(jié)歸納如下：一、“must+have+done”表示對(duì)過去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成 “一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是 濕的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。二、“cant+have+done ”表示對(duì)過去事情的否定推測(cè)，譯成 “不可能做過某事”。1. Mr. Smith cant h

2、ave gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密 斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回 家去了。三、“can+have+done”表示對(duì)過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，譯成可能做過嗎？ ”。1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里沒有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？2. There is nowhere to

3、find them. Where can they have gone? 到處找不到他們，他們可 能到什么地方去呢？四、“could+have+done”是虛擬語氣，表示對(duì)過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。He could have passedthe exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。五、“may+have+done肯定句中。表示對(duì)發(fā)生過的事情的推測(cè)，意思是“可能已經(jīng)或“也許已經(jīng) ，用于What has happenedto George?I dont know. He may have got lost. 喬治發(fā)生了

4、什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、“might+have+done”表示對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)， might 與 may 意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。1. He might have given you more help, even thoughhe was busy. (MET90) 他或許會(huì)多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多給她點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成績(jī)。七、“would+have+done”虛擬語氣，表示對(duì)

5、過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是 “本來會(huì)做” 。1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本來會(huì) 告訴你這個(gè)小男孩的故事，但是你沒有問我。2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 沒有你的幫助，我是不會(huì)取得如 此大的成績(jī)。八、“should+have+done意思是本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做?！皊houldnt+have+done 表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對(duì)方或自責(zé)的含意。1. Tom, you are too

6、lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太 懶惰了，這項(xiàng)工作本來應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，湯姆哭了，我本來 不應(yīng)該對(duì)他如此嚴(yán)厲。九、“ought to+have+done表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒有做，譯成理應(yīng)做，往往表示遺憾。與 “should+have+done用法基本一樣。I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。You ought not to

7、 have given him more help. 你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。十、“need+have+done表示本來需要做某事而沒有做。“neednt+have+done ”則表示本來不需要做某事而做了 ”。I neednt have bought so much wine only five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多 酒，只來了五個(gè)人。He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the trai n. 他本來需要快點(diǎn)去車站，那樣的話，他就不會(huì)誤了火車。英語：情態(tài)動(dòng)

8、詞+havedone”的用法“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 have done ”表示對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)或估計(jì)， 是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)。 現(xiàn)就這一 語言現(xiàn)象作如下歸納：1 should （ought to） have 過去分詞表示過去應(yīng)該做而（實(shí)際）沒有做的事情，含有責(zé)備或遺憾的語氣，意為本應(yīng)該”其否定形式為 “should not / ought not to have +過去分詞”，表示某種行為不該發(fā) 生但卻發(fā)生了。Mr. White at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didn tshow up.（ 04 廣西卷）A. should have arrived B. should ar

9、riveC. should have had arrived D. should be arriving解析 本題中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞 but 暗示了“ Mr. White 按道理理應(yīng)到了，而他沒有到 ”。 故答案選 A 。2needn thave 過去分詞表示過去沒有必要做某事 , 但實(shí)際上做了某事。As you worked late yesterday,you have come this morning.（06 陜西卷 ）A. mayn tB. can tC. mustn t D. needn t解析 He neednt have come ，表示“他本沒有必要來（實(shí)際卻來了） ”，根據(jù)句

10、意，答案應(yīng)選 D 。注意 He didnt need to come yesterday ，意為“他昨天沒有必要來 （實(shí)際也沒來）3. must have +過去分詞用于肯定句，表示過去一定做過某事”，表示一種很有把握的推測(cè)。注意對(duì)過去發(fā)生情況的否定推測(cè)常用can 才couldn have +過去分詞。I have lost one of my gloves. I it somewhere .（05北京春季）A. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped解析本題應(yīng)選B。本題的前一句說明一個(gè)

11、結(jié)果，后一句則表示一個(gè)原因。I havebeen more than six years old when the accidenthappened.（05 天津卷）A. should ntB. could ntC. must ntD. need nt解析從題意上分析，本題的前一句陳述一個(gè)理由，后一句則是由前一句得岀的結(jié)論。故本題選B。4. may / might have +過去分詞表示對(duì)過去情況的一種不太有把握的可能性推測(cè)，表示過去可能/大概已做了某事”;否定句表示過去可能還沒有做某事”。Wehave proved great adventurers,but we have done th

12、e greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（06 天津卷）A. needn t B. may notC. shouldn tD. mustn t Key:B5. can / could have +過去分詞表示過去本來可以做某事，但實(shí)際上沒有做”；否定句表示不可能已做了某事”；疑問句表示可能/也許已做了某事嗎？”。-I stayed at a hotel while in New York .-Oh, did you? Youwith Barbara .（NMET 98）A. could have stayedB. could stayC

13、. would stayD. must have stayedKey: A鞏固性練習(xí)：從 A、B、C、D中選擇最佳答案。1 . - You didn Wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you?-No, but we . He didn rteturn home at all.A. couldn have waitedB. needn haveC. didn need toD. should wait2. Harry have won the Physicscompetitioneasily yesterday, but he gave up.A. could

14、 B. might C. should D. must3. - May I speak to your managerMr. Smith at six o clock tonight?”- I smrry, Mr. Smithto a conference before then. ”A. will have goneB. had gone C. would have goneD. has gone4. - Tom took away our teacher cell phone without being permitted.-Really? I can tmaginethat he hav

15、e done such a thing.A. mustB. mayC. canD. should5. - Was it you that made the suggestion?-Ithave been. I can temember.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. may6. The weatherturnedout to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have takenB. could have takenC. neednthave takenD. mu

16、st nthave take n7. He paid for a seat,when hehave en teredfree.A. couldB. wouldC. musD. need8. I didn stee her in the meetingroomthis mor ning.Sheat themeeti ng .A. mustn thave spokenB. mightn have spokenC. can have spokenD. shouldn have spokenHi, is that Peter Brown?A.mustdialB. must have dialedC.s

17、houlddialD. shouldhavedialed10.I was onthe highwaywhen this car went past followedby apolice car .Theyat least150kilometersan hour .A.shouldhavebee n doingB. must have beendoi ngC.couldhavedoneD. would have donetheCAADDKeys forrefere nee1-56-10 CACBBwrong n umber .-Sorry. You情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done用法發(fā)布時(shí)間:201

18、0-11-03文章來源：雅思博教育 瀏覽次數(shù)：22情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done用法例句must have done表示主觀上對(duì)過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為 進(jìn)行推測(cè)，意為“想必，準(zhǔn)是，一定 做了某事”1 . She must have gone through a lot.2. He must have visited the WhiteHouse during his stay in the UnitedStates.may/might have done表示對(duì)過去已發(fā)生行為的推測(cè)， 意為 “也許/或許已經(jīng)（沒有）” “。一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于 疑問句。用might則表示語氣更加不 冃疋。1

19、 . You may have learnt the news.2. He may not have heard his name called.3. Sorry I m late. I might have turnec off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.can, have done cannot have done表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不 肯定，通常用在否定句和疑問句中。（can換成could時(shí)語氣委婉）1 . Where can she have gone?2 . Could he have done such a f

20、oolishthing?3 . The boy can t have finished readirthe book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.could have done可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已 經(jīng),，”之意，此外，還可以表示過 去能做而沒做的事，有一種對(duì)過去為 付諸實(shí)施的事情的惋惜。1 . He could have killed himselfdriving at a dangerous speed.2 . You could have been moreconsiderate.3 . You could ha

21、ve done better, but youwere too careless.might have done表示“本來可能,，但實(shí)際上沒有 發(fā)生的事情”。另外，還可以表示“本 來應(yīng)該或可以做某事”之意，含有輕 微的責(zé)備語氣。1 . You should not swim in that sea.You might have been eaten by a shark.2 . He might have given him morehelp, thought he was busy.should/ought to have done用于肯定句時(shí)，表示本該做某事，而 實(shí)際上未做；用于否定句時(shí)，則表示 不該做的事反而做了。1 . He should have known that the police wou