自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語課文重點(diǎn)句子翻譯

1、In the case of a resistor, the voltage-current relationship is given by Ohms law, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equal to the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance.就電阻來說, 電壓電流的關(guān)系由歐姆定律決定。 歐姆定律指出:電阻兩端的電壓等于電阻 上流過的電流乘以電阻值。2It may be that the inducto

2、r voltage rather than the current is the variable of interest in the circuit. 或許在電路中,人們感興趣的變量是電感電壓而不是電感電流。Viewed in this light, it will be found that the analysis of three-phase circuits is little more difficult than that of single-phase circuits.這樣看來,三相電路的分析比單相電路的分析難不了多少。At unity power factor, the

3、power in a single-phase circuit is zero twice each cycle.在功率因數(shù)為 1時(shí),單相電路里的功率值每個(gè)周波有兩次為零。It should be noted that if the polarity of point Awith respect to N ( is assumed for the positive half-cycle, then when used in the same phasor diagram should be drawn opposite to, or 180? out of phase with, .應(yīng)該注意,

4、如果把 A 點(diǎn)相對(duì)于 N 的極性(定為正半周,那么 在用于同一相量圖 中時(shí)就應(yīng)該畫得同 相反,即相位差為 180?One problem with electronic devices corresponding to the generalized amplifiers is that the gains, AU or AI, depend upon internal properties of the two-port system.對(duì)應(yīng)于像廣義放大器這樣的電子裝置,一個(gè)問題就是增益 AU 或者 AI ,它們?nèi)Q于兩輸 入端系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部特性。This is one of the key fe

5、atures of Op-Amp design the action of the circuit on signals depends only upon the external elements which can be easily varied by the designer and which do not depend upon the detailed character of the Op-Amp itself.這是運(yùn)算放大器設(shè)計(jì)的重要特征之一在信號(hào)作用下, 電路的動(dòng)作僅取決于能夠容易被設(shè) 計(jì)者改變的外部元件,而不取決于運(yùn)算放大器本身的細(xì)節(jié)特性。Put very simply

6、 a semiconductor material is one which can be “doped” to produce a predominance of electrons or mobile negative charges (N-type; or “holes” or positive charges (P-type.簡(jiǎn)單地說,半導(dǎo)體是這樣一種物質(zhì),它能夠通過“摻雜”來產(chǎn)生多余的電子,又稱自由電子 (N 型 ;或者產(chǎn)生“空穴” ,又稱正電子(P 型 。TO1 is the original transistor shape a cylindrical “can” with th

7、e three leads emerging in triangular pattern from the bottom. Looking at the base, the upper lead in the “triangle” is the base, the one to the right (marked by a color spot the collector and the one to the left the emitter. TO1是最早的一種晶體管形狀即一個(gè)帶有三個(gè)引腳的圓柱體“外罩” ,這三個(gè)引腳在底 部形成三角狀。首先要注意的是, “三角形”上面的引腳是基極,其右面的

8、引腳(由一個(gè)彩 色點(diǎn)標(biāo)出為集電極,其左面的引腳為發(fā)射極。We shall now briefly discuss the relevance of such terminology, and in so doing we shall bring out the special aptness of the designations “true” and “false” to identify the possible values of a variable.現(xiàn)在我們將簡(jiǎn)要地討論一下這些術(shù)語之間的關(guān)聯(lián),并在此過程中闡明用標(biāo)示“真”和“假” 來識(shí)別一個(gè)變量的可能值的特殊用途。Just as ot

9、her algebras deal with variables which have a numerical significance, Boolean algebra deals with propositions and is an effective tool for analyzing the relationships between propositions which allow only two mutually exclusive alternatives.和其他處理有數(shù)字意義的變量的代數(shù)一樣, 布爾代數(shù)處理的是命題, 而且布爾代數(shù)對(duì)于分析 僅有兩個(gè)互反變量命題之間的關(guān)系是

10、一種有效的工具。There is a generally prevailing attitude in digital systems to view logic 0 as a basic, undisturbed, unperturbed, quiescent state and to view the logic 1 state as the excited, active, effective state, i.e., the state arrived at “after something has happened.”在數(shù)字系統(tǒng)中,普遍的觀點(diǎn)是把邏輯 0看成一個(gè)基本的、無干擾的、穩(wěn)定

11、的、靜止的狀態(tài), 把邏輯 1看成一個(gè)激勵(lì)的、活躍的、有效的狀態(tài),也就是說,這種狀態(tài)是發(fā)生在“某種操作 動(dòng)作之后” 。Such devices operate well in a two-state or binary system, using conduction and cutoff as the operating states, and as a result the binary number system is generally employed in internal operations in digital computers.將導(dǎo)通和關(guān)斷作為工作狀態(tài), 這樣的裝置可以在兩

12、態(tài)即二進(jìn)制系統(tǒng)中運(yùn)行, 因此數(shù)字計(jì)算機(jī) 中的內(nèi)部操作一般采用二進(jìn)制系統(tǒng)。Given the basic idea of a chain of positive and negative, or positive and zero, or zero and negative pulses as representing binary 1s and 0s, there are many possible codes in which the pulses might be transmitted.給出一串正脈沖和負(fù)脈沖, 或正脈沖和零, 或者零和負(fù)脈沖來表示二進(jìn)制的 1及 0時(shí), 就會(huì) 有許多這些

13、脈沖可以傳遞的碼。The reaction time of a human pilot is too slow to enable him or her to fly an aircraft with a lightly damped Dutch roll mode without a yaw damper system.飛行員的反應(yīng)速度太慢, 如果不附加阻尼偏航系統(tǒng), 飛行員就無法通過輕微阻尼的側(cè)傾轉(zhuǎn)向 方式來駕駛飛機(jī)。Since the output is fed back in a functional form determined by the nature of the feedb

14、ack elements and then subtracted from the input因?yàn)檩敵鰰?huì)以由反饋部件特性決定的函數(shù)形式反饋回來,然后從輸入中減去The designer quickly becomes adept in relating changes in the Laplace domain to behavior in the time domain without actually having to solve the system equations.設(shè)計(jì)人員很快就會(huì)熟練地把拉普拉斯域的變化與時(shí)域狀態(tài)聯(lián)系起來, 而不需真地解系統(tǒng)方程 (時(shí)域The table is

15、continued horizontally and vertically until only zeros are obtained.這張表向水平(向右垂直(向下方向延伸,直到得到的都是零為止thus eliminating the velocity error, and by being introduced ahead of the point of entry of the disturbance into the system, eliminates the steady-state error resulting from a step in the disturbance.,這樣

16、通過在系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)進(jìn)入點(diǎn)之前引入(積分環(huán)節(jié) ,可消除由擾動(dòng)輸入中的階躍(成 分導(dǎo)致的穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差。The transition from simple approximate models, which are easy to work with, to more realistic models produces two effects.從易于處理的簡(jiǎn)單近似模型到實(shí)際一些的模型的轉(zhuǎn)換存在兩方面問題。It provides an ideal formulation for computer implementation and is responsible for much of the progre

17、ss in optimization theory.它 (現(xiàn)代控制理論 為計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)提供了理想的公式化方法, 并對(duì)最優(yōu)化理論的發(fā)展起了重 要作用。As far as the state at t1 is concerned, it makes no difference how the initial state was attained.就 t1時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)而言,它與初始狀態(tài)是怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)的無關(guān)。Thus the state at t0 constitutes a complete history of the system behavior prior to t0, insofar as that history affects future behavior.因此, t0時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)構(gòu)成了 t0以前系統(tǒng)活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的歷史,這個(gè)歷史狀態(tài)在一定范圍內(nèi)影響 (系統(tǒng)未來的行為。In transfer function models these equations are transformed and variables are eliminate