定語從句課件

1、 定語從句定語從句 the Attributive Clausethe Attributive Clause高一英語語法定語 my book a holiday of seven days a seven-day holiday something important a good holiday a country developing fast a toy factory a book written by J.k. Rowling a developing country a book to be published a developed country a book which wa

2、s written by J.K. Rowling1. 放在放在名詞前名詞前2. 由單個的由單個的代詞代詞/數(shù)數(shù)詞詞/形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞/-ing/ -ed 來充當來充當1. 放在放在名詞或代詞后名詞或代詞后2. 由由介詞結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞介詞結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞-ing結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)-ed結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)to do結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)句子句子來充當來充當前置定語前置定語后置定語后置定語定語1. 1. 用來修飾某個名詞或代詞的成分用來修飾某個名詞或代詞的成分2. 2. 可以放在名詞之前；也可以放在可以放在名詞之前；也可以放在名詞或代詞之后名詞或代詞之后3. 3. 在翻譯時通常帶有一個在翻譯時通常帶有一個“的的”定語從句定語從句1.

3、1. 當定語成分由一個句子來充當時，當定語成分由一個句子來充當時，這個句子就叫定語從句，即用一個句這個句子就叫定語從句，即用一個句子去修飾另一個句子中的某個名詞或子去修飾另一個句子中的某個名詞或代詞代詞2. 2. 通常緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞通常緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞后后This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling3. 3. 定語從句的定語從句的必備兩要素必備兩要素This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling先行詞（名詞或代詞）先行詞（名詞或代詞）引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞（that/which/who

4、/whom/whose/ when/where/why）1.You are the right man whom we are looking for.2.Ive spent all the money which was given by my parents.3.I will never forget the day when I joined the party.4.This is the factory where the machines are made.找出定語從句；找出定語從句兩要素找出定語從句；找出定語從句兩要素現(xiàn)在你認識定語從句了嗎？從書本頁課文中找出所有的定語從句從書本頁

5、課文中找出所有的定語從句 But one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. The number of people who were killed of injured reached more than 400 000. another big quake which was almost

6、as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.定語從句考點 (一)引導(dǎo)詞的確定 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 指代內(nèi)容指代內(nèi)容充當成分充當成分 whowhom thatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy人人主賓表主賓表人人賓賓人事物人事物主賓表主賓表事物事物主賓主賓人

7、的事物的人的事物的時間狀語時間狀語地點狀語地點狀語原因狀語原因狀語時間時間地點地點原因原因定定(后通常加名詞或代詞后通常加名詞或代詞)方法二：還原法把先行詞還原到定語從句中去把先行詞還原到定語從句中去, 看看看看是放在主語，賓語，表語還是狀語的是放在主語，賓語，表語還是狀語的位置上，最終來確定引導(dǎo)詞位置上，最終來確定引導(dǎo)詞例一：例一： The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam._ dont study hard.The students主語，而且指人主語，而且指人 who/that例二：例二： The woman _ you s

8、aw in the park is our Chinese teacher.you saw _ in the park.the woman賓語，而且指人賓語，而且指人 (whom/who/that)注意：如果先行詞還原到定語從句中，充當?shù)氖琴e語,那么可以把引導(dǎo)詞省略 1. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to? 2. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you? 3. She and her family hid away for nearly 25 mont

9、hs before they were discovered? 4. Nature is one thing that really must be experienced. 5. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 6. All languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.Revision of the last period 7. Some people who live in the mountains

10、 of eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. 8. She insisted that she organize the trip properly. 9. Now I know that the proper way is always her way. 10. We found a large atlas with good maps which showed details of world geography. 11. (Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?) Th

11、ats what we looked like. 12. We will reach Dali soon, where our cousins will join us.3. Do you know the boy _ leg was broken when he fell out of a tree? 4. This is the boy _ sister is a famous singer. 5. The letter _ I received yesterday is from my brother. 6. The film _ we saw last night was wonder

12、ful. 7. The man _ was here a minute ago is my uncle. whosewhose(which/that)(which/that) who / that8. The train _ was going to Guangdong was late. 9. The book _ he is reading is very interesting. 10. Theyll never forget the days _ they spent in the countryside. 11. Theyll never forget the days _ they

13、 studied together. which / that (which / that) (which / that) when引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, some

14、thing, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時等修飾時(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。修飾時。只能用只能用thatthat不能用不能用whichwhich的情況的情況(5)先行詞指人又指事物先行詞指人又指事物They talked about the people and things (that) they

15、 met at college.只能用只能用whichwhich不能用不能用thatthat的情況的情況(1) 非限定性定語從句，即有逗號隔開的定語從句非限定性定語從句，即有逗號隔開的定語從句It was felt in Beijing, which was 200 km away.(2) 以介詞開頭的定語從句以介詞開頭的定語從句,即介詞前置的定語從句即介詞前置的定語從句This is the room _ Chairman Mao once lived in.This is the room in _ Chairman Mao once lived. (which / that) which

16、(3) 定語從句修飾的是前面整句話定語從句修飾的是前面整句話He passed the exam, which surprised everyone in our class. when, where, why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句初步感知初步感知P37 Exercise 21. The mines where I worked were 9 km from my home.2. The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.3. The time when I joined the ANC was the 5th of

17、August.4. The government building where we voted was very tall.5. The date when I arrived was late at night.1. The mines _ I worked were 9 km from my home. 2. The reason _ I got a job was because of my hard work. 3. The time _ I joined the ANC was the 5th of August. 4. The government building _ we v

18、oted was very tall. 5. The date _I arrived was late at night如何來確定引導(dǎo)詞如何來確定引導(dǎo)詞?如何來確定引導(dǎo)詞如何來確定引導(dǎo)詞?方法一：根據(jù)先行詞方法一：根據(jù)先行詞方法二：還原法方法二：還原法 ( (把先行詞還原到定語從句中去把先行詞還原到定語從句中去) )例一：例一： The mines _ I worked were 9 km from my home. I worked _. in the mines地點狀語地點狀語where / in which例二：例二： The reason _I got a job was becaus

19、e of my hard work.I got a job _. for the reason原因狀語原因狀語why / for which例三：例三： The time I joined the ANC was the 5th of August.I joined the ANC _. at the time時間狀語時間狀語when / at which例四：例四： The government building we voted was very tall.We voted _. in the building地點狀語地點狀語where / in which例五：例五： The date

20、I arrived was late at night.I arrived _. on the date時間狀語時間狀語when / on which1. The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2. The school _ I studied for only two years was 3 km away.3. The day _ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.4. The parts of town _ th

21、ey had to live were decided by white people.5. The places _ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. when / at which where / in which when / on which where / in which where / in which1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A.

22、 which B. where C. that D. when2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when D BIll never forget the day _ we worked together.when / on whichIll never forget the day_ we spent happily together.which / tha

23、t比較比較We worked together on the day.We spent the day happily together.1. I will always remember the hours _ we lived together. I will always remember the hours _ we spent together.2. Can you still think of the village _he once worked? Can you still think of the village _ he once visited? when / in wh

24、ich (which/that) where / in which (which / that)總結(jié)1. 引導(dǎo)詞的確定必須用還原法引導(dǎo)詞的確定必須用還原法2. 先行詞還原后如果先行詞還原后如果在它前面要加上一個介詞在它前面要加上一個介詞，那么說明它在定語從句中充當狀語，通常用那么說明它在定語從句中充當狀語，通常用 “when/where/why” 來引導(dǎo)來引導(dǎo)3. “when/where/why” 通?？梢蕴鎿Q成通?？梢蕴鎿Q成 “介詞介詞which”(僅限于定語從句中僅限于定語從句中)4. 如果先行詞是表示如果先行詞是表示 “時間時間/地點地點/原因原因”的詞的詞, 引引導(dǎo)詞并不一定是導(dǎo)詞并不

25、一定是 “when/where/why”，也有可，也有可能是能是 “which/that”，介詞前置的定語從句 1. Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. 2. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. 3. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. 4. It was a prison from which no one escaped. 5.

26、 He is a man of great experience, from whom much can be learned. 6. Chapin, for whom money was now no problem, start a new film company with his friends. 7. Antarctica, about which we know very little, is covered with thick ice all the year round.介詞前置的定語從句1. 1. 考點一考點一：引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞which, whomwhich, whom2.

27、2. 考點二：介詞的確定考點二：介詞的確定方法：還原法先行詞還原到定方法：還原法先行詞還原到定語從句中去語從句中去, 看看它與定語從句看看它與定語從句之間需要哪個介詞來連接之間需要哪個介詞來連接例一：例一： Mandela was the black lawyer _whom I went for advice. _ whom I went for advice.I went _ Mandela for advice.toto例二：例二： It was a prison _ which no one escaped._ which no one escaped.No one escaped _

28、 the prison.fromfromCan you work them out?Can you work them out? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live.2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.4. Who can give me the re

29、ason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?for aboutonwithoutLook out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair.A. which B. whose C. that D. of whichthe綜合練習(xí)1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?3. The man whom I spoke is from Cana

30、da.4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget._(去掉去掉)which_tothe one5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.6. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.8. I dont like the way which you talked to your f

31、riend.inwhen_who_(that/which)9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.11. We heard the news which our team won the game.12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable._ that_ that _whyit_13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.14. That was the reason because she looked old.15. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.aswho_why16. The third place which we are goin