四川德陽(yáng)2014高考英語(yǔ) 信息匹配、閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題（4）及答案

1、四川省德陽(yáng)市2014高考英語(yǔ)信息匹配、閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題（4）及答案根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的AF選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。(每題2分，滿分10分)Daily habits can affect our wellbeing.Here are five simple actions that research has shown make people feel good.1.Pause now and then to smell a rose or watch children at play.“Study participants who took time to

2、savor ordinary events that they normally hurried through，or to think back on pleasant moments from their day，showed significant increases in happiness and reductions in depression，”says psychologist Sonja Lyubomirsky.2.People who put money high on their priority list are more at risk for depression，

3、anxiety，and low selfesteem，according to researchers Tim Kasser and Richard Ryan.Their findings hold true across nations and cultures.“The more we seek satisfactions in material goods，the less we find them there，”Ryan says.“The satisfaction has a short halflifeit's very fleeting.” Moneyseekers al

4、so score lower on tests of vitality and selfactualization.3.“People who struggle for something significant，whether it's learning a new craft or raising moral children，are far happier than those who don't have strong dreams or aspirations，”say Ed Diener and Robert BiswasDiener.“As humans，we a

5、ctually require a sense of meaning to thrive.”Harvard's professor，Tal BenShahar，agrees，“Happiness lies at the intersection between pleasure and meaning.Whether at work or at home，the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable.”4.People who keep gratitude j

6、ournals on a weekly basis are healthier，more optimistic，and more likely to make progress toward achieving personal goals，according to author Robert Emmons.Research by Martin Seligman，founder of positive psychology，revealed that people who write “gratitude letters” to someone who made a difference in

7、 their lives score higher on happiness，and lower on depressionand the effect lasts for weeks.5.A study by Duke University shows that exercise may be just as effective as drugs in treating depression，without all the side effects and expense.Other research shows that in addition to health benefits，reg

8、ular exercise offers a sense of accomplishment and opportunity for social interaction，releases feelgood endorphins，and boosts selfesteem.答案1.C2.D3.B4.E5.AFor those who are tired of doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a sma

9、rt-phone app(application). Strange though it may seem “my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show CES this week Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install(安裝)a large number of interne

10、t-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, its Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad. The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any sm

11、art-phone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus. Samsung says its not just something new the app connection actually has some practical uses. “If you started to dry clot

12、hes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt. The company also says that with electricity rate(電)varying depending on the time of day, mor

13、e control over when the machines are used can help save money. Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV. 60.

14、 What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES? A. The machine will be a big success.B. their wives like doing the laundry.C. The machine is unrelated to their life.D. This kind of technology is familiar to them. 61. We can conclude from Samsungs statements that _. A. the

15、 app connection makes life easierB. it is better to dry clothes in the morningC. smart-phone can shorten the drying time D. we should refresh clothes back at home 62. What can we learn about the new laundry machines? A. They can tell you when your clothes need washing.B. They can be controlled with

16、a smart-phone. C. They are difficult to operate.D. They are sold at a low price. 63. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The laundry should be frequently checked. B. Lazy people like using such machines.C. Good technologies also cause problems. D. Television may help do the laundry. 參考答案

17、60、C A B C *結(jié)束 It is 7 o'clock in the morning. You check yourself in the mirror, adjust your collar, and consider the busy day ahead. But at least you know that the stress won't damage your health, for this is no ordinary set of clothes you are wearing. Set within the fabric are numerous sen

18、sors, constantly monitoring your vital signs. If danger signs are detected, the garment is programmed to contact your doctor and send a text message telling you to take it easy.Garments that can measure a wearer's body temperature or trace their heart activity are just entering the market, but t

19、he European project BIOTEX weaves new funcitions into smart textiles. Miniaturised biosensors in a textile patch can now analyse body fluids, even a tiny drop of sweat, and provide a much better assessment of someone's health.Jean Luprano, a researcher at the Swiss Centre for Electronics and Mic

20、rotechnology (CSEM), coordinates the BIOTEX project. “One of the most obvious applications for smart fabrics is in the medical field，” he says. “There has been a good deal of progress with physiological measurements, body temperature or electrocardiograms(心電圖). But no one has yet developed biochemic

21、al sensing techniques that can take measurements from fluids like sweat and blood. We are developing a suite of sensors that can be integrated into a textile patch. The patch is a sensing and processing unit, adaptable to target different body fluids and biochemical species. At the very least, some

22、basic biochemical analyses could complement the physiological measurements that can already be monitored. In some circumstances, fluidic analysis may be the only way to get information on a patient's health status.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是科技閱讀。高科技智能服裝可以檢測(cè)出穿著者的身體狀況，這種服裝剛剛進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。16What is the text mainly about?ASma

23、rt clothes that track your health.BHow to make your day stress free.CNew advancement in the medical field.DBiochemical sensing techniques.解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹能夠檢測(cè)出穿著者健康狀況的智能服裝，故答案為A。答案：A17The first paragraph is written to _.Adescribe a common scene in people's lifeBintroduce the topic of the p

24、assageCtell us to have a smooth start of our dayDpredict the new garments to appear解析：推理判斷題。分析文章第一段可知，作者通過(guò)描述引出本文的話題，使文章更具有趣味性。答案：B18The new function of the smart garment is that it can _.Amake physiological measurements of a patientBtake one's body temperatureCtake electrocardiograms of a patien

25、tDtake measurements from fluids解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，A、B、C三項(xiàng)都是原先已有的功能，D項(xiàng)是高科技智能服裝剛具有的新功能。答案：D19Garments mentioned in the passage are probably most useful in the field of _.Aeducation BmedicineCenvironment Dfashion解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，智能服裝最大的用途是在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。答案：B20The underlined word “Miniaturised” is closest in m

26、eaning to _.Asmart BvisibleCtiny Dsensitive解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。由文章第一段說(shuō)到這些傳感器可以嵌入衣服的纖維，說(shuō)明它們很小，又由所猜生詞的前綴mini­可知答案為C。答案：C。*結(jié)束 (·山西省運(yùn)城市教學(xué)檢測(cè))American children aren't the only couch potatoes with nearly one third of children globally spending three hours a day or more watching TV or on computers, accor

27、ding to the study of over 70,000 teens in 34 nations.From Argentina to Zambia, Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children weren't getting enough exercise and that it made no difference if they lived in a rich or a poor country. “With regards

28、to physical activities levels, we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries，” Guthold said. “Growing up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activities.” The study was published in The Journal of Pediatrics, looking at 72,845 schoolchildren

29、aged 13 to 15 from North and South America, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. The children were surveyed between 2003 and 2007.The researchers defined adequate physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week. Children who spent three or more hours a

30、day watching TV, playing computer games, or chatting with friends aside from time in school or time spent doing homework were classified as sedentary.The researchers found only one quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions. A quarter of boys an

31、d nearly 30 percent of girls were sedentary and didn't get enough exercise with girls less active than boys in every country aside from Zambia.Uruguay had the highest percentage of active boys, at 42 percent, while Zambia had the lowest, at 8 percent. Girls from India were the most active, with

32、37 percent meeting exercise recommendation, while girls from Egypt were the least active, with just 4 percent getting adequate exercise. Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary, with 13 percent of boys and 8 percent of girls classified as sedentary. The most sedentary nations were St. Lucia and

33、 the Cayman Islands, with 58 percent of boys and 64 percent of girls spending at least three hours a day in sedentary activities.People show deep concern for kids' lack of physical activity in various nations. Why do they have a low level of physical activity? Guthold speculated(推測(cè)) that urbaniz

34、ation(都市化) could be a factor as well as access to cars and TVs.語(yǔ)篇解讀：一項(xiàng)面向34個(gè)國(guó)家7萬(wàn)多名青少年開(kāi)展的調(diào)查顯示，全球近三分之一的兒童每天看電視或玩電腦的時(shí)間達(dá)到三個(gè)小時(shí)甚至更多。5If you are sedentary, you _.Aare a diligent student spending much time doing homeworkBhave at least an hour of exercise outdoors every dayClike watching TV and playing comput

35、er gamesDspend a lot of time sitting down and not moving解析：推理判斷題。第三段提到：除了在學(xué)校或做作業(yè)的時(shí)間外，每天看電視、玩電腦游戲或上網(wǎng)聊天的時(shí)間超過(guò)三個(gè)小時(shí)的孩子被定義為“久坐不動(dòng)的”。由此推斷，如果你被認(rèn)為是“sedentary”，你就是大部分時(shí)間坐著不動(dòng)的人。答案：D6Which statement is TRUE about the finding of the study, led by Regina Guthold?AMost children around the world don't meet the ex

36、ercise recommendation.BGirls in every country are no more active than boys.CChildren in rich countries relatively get less physical activities.DOnly 4 percent of the girls from Egypt are not active in exercise.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“多數(shù)兒童都缺乏鍛煉，而且這和他們生活在富國(guó)和窮國(guó)沒(méi)有多大關(guān)系”及該段提及的調(diào)查的范圍可推知A項(xiàng)“全球大多數(shù)兒童沒(méi)有達(dá)到建議活動(dòng)量”是正確的。B項(xiàng)可

37、根據(jù)第四段末尾排除；C項(xiàng)可根據(jù)第二段前三句排除；D項(xiàng)可根據(jù)第五段中第二句的后半句排除。答案：A7Which could be the best title of the passage?AAmerican children are addicted to TVs and computers BNearly one third of children globally are couch potatoesCEffects of physical activities on healthDUnimaginable standard of physical health解析：主旨大意題。第一段是全文

38、的中心，第一段內(nèi)容是“一項(xiàng)面向34個(gè)國(guó)家7萬(wàn)多名青少年開(kāi)展的調(diào)查顯示，愛(ài)坐在電視機(jī)前的并非只有美國(guó)兒童，全球近三分之一的兒童每天看電視或玩電腦的時(shí)間達(dá)到三個(gè)小時(shí)甚至更多”，由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B8What would the writer be most likely to discuss in detail in the following paragraphs?AThe suitable amount of physical activities for students.BSome of the factors for the popularity of cars and TVs a

39、mong the kids.CThe reasons behind the lack of physical activities.DThe ways to make the most of physical activities.解析：篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。最后一段提到：人們對(duì)各國(guó)兒童缺乏身體鍛煉表示極大的關(guān)注，Guthold分析，除汽車和電視的普及外，都市化也是造成兒童缺乏身體鍛煉的一個(gè)因素。由此推斷接下來(lái)作者很可能會(huì)詳細(xì)地討論兒童缺乏身體鍛煉背后的原因。答案：C*結(jié)束 We experience different forms of the Suns energy every day. We ca

40、n see its light and feel its warmth. The Sun is the major source of energy for our planet. It causes the evaporation (蒸發(fā)) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms (生物) on

41、the Earth.Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earths surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earths surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of th

42、e planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food.Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earths surface back to the Earth. These gases