教師賓語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案

1、 賓語(yǔ)從句1、定義：賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句, 通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞之后。2、連接詞（1）從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)，that無(wú)詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。造句：1.他說(shuō)他想呆在家里He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.2. 我確定他能成功 Im sure (that) he will succeed.（2）當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：例句

2、：I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。造句：他問(wèn)我是否可以幫助他。He asked me whether/if I could help him.但在下列情況下只能用whether：在具有選擇意義，與or not連用時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether如：I dont know whether he does any washing or not（I dont know whether or not he does any washing）我不知道他洗

3、不洗衣服。造句：我不知道他是否能來(lái)。I dont know whether he will come or not（I dont know whether or not he will come）在介詞之后用whether。如：Im interested in whether he likes English我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time我們正在考慮是否能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。造句：我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings

4、 造句：這取決于你是否能做好這項(xiàng)工作。It depends on whether you can do the job well.在不定式前用whether。如：I dont know whether to go我不知去否。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。造句：他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。如：Whether this is true or not，I cant

5、say這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并放在句首和表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。The question is whether we can catch the bus問(wèn)題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。Ive no idea whether the meeting will be given. 造句： 1.是否要開會(huì)仍是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。Whether the meeting will be given is still a problem.It remains a pr

6、oblem whether/if the meeting will be given.2. 問(wèn)題是是否要開會(huì)。The problem is whether the meeting will be given.3. 他還沒(méi)有做出決定是否去那里。He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there. （3）特殊疑問(wèn)詞1）連接詞謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有： who，what，whoever, whatever,等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰(shuí)知道答案嗎？T

7、he small children dont know what is in their stockings這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？2）連接詞名詞謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：whose， which，how many，how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他問(wèn)我們班上誰(shuí)的書法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room老師問(wèn)我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常見

8、的連接詞有：who，whom，what等。如：Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？填空：I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.4）連接詞名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎？造句：她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的

9、鋼筆。She asked me if I knew whose pen it was5）連接副詞where, when, how, why。 造句：你能告訴我學(xué)校在哪嗎？Could you tell me where the school is?造句：我不知道他為什么遲到了。I dont know why he is late形式賓語(yǔ)：當(dāng)不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或從句在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)（如：think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）例句： They found it pleasant that they worked with

10、 us Chinese. He makes it a rule never to borrow money. He makes it a rule that he will never borrow money.造句：1.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)很難。 2. 我討厭母親讓我吃雞蛋時(shí)候。 I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.3時(shí)態(tài)含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，主、從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)應(yīng)包括以下三點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：1）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)需要，選用相應(yīng)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如：I dont know when he will come back我不知道

11、他將何時(shí)回來(lái)。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。2）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只可根據(jù)需要，選用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)即一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的某一種形式。如：The children didnt know who he was孩子們不知道他是誰(shuí)。He asked his father how it happened他問(wèn)他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。3）如果賓語(yǔ)從句所表示的是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作等，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The teach

12、er said that the earth goes round the sun老師說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 賓語(yǔ)從句習(xí)題1. He told me _ he would go to college the next year.2. I dont know _ there will be a bus.3. I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.4. He didnt tell me _ he would come back from Shanghai next time.5. Let

13、 me know _ train youll be arriving on.6. Can you work out _ much we will spend during the trip?7. Make sure _ there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.8. We think it necessary _ we take plenty of hot water every day.1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. Whi

14、ch B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was fou

15、nded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day _Ill never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A.

16、where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you ta

17、lked 10.The pen _he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there

18、 anyone in your class _family is in the country? A. who B. whos C. which D. whose 14.Im interested in _you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isnt such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom

19、C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I dont like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 2

20、0.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23

21、.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C.

22、in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B.

23、 whose C. what D./ 29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which 30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 31.The rea

24、son _he didnt come was _he was ill. A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way _I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, _are of great use. A

25、. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.T

26、his is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however

27、, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened? - Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B.

28、 that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire

29、 burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D.

30、 this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. h

31、ave been 參考答案及解析 1. A. which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。 2C. 和誰(shuí)講話”要說(shuō)speak to sb. 本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。 3. D. where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 4. C. when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 5A. which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。 6C. 解析同第5題。 7. A. 解析見第3題。 8. A. 本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因

32、此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。 9. A. “談到某事物”應(yīng)說(shuō)talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語(yǔ)，不能用that。 10. A. with which是介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with有用的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即he is writing with a pen. 11. C. in front of which 即in front of

33、a farmhouse. In front of which在從句中作狀語(yǔ). 12. D. with whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer. 13. D. whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)family的定語(yǔ). 14. A. that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo). 15. D. the same.as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本句話中,as作從句的主語(yǔ). 16. D. such as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本

34、題中,as作表語(yǔ). 17. B. as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這時(shí)as所指代的不是主句中某個(gè)名詞，而往往指代整個(gè)主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語(yǔ). 18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19. C. as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其

35、后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用such a.,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞. 20. B. things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞要用that. 21. D. who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,who作從句的主語(yǔ). 22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23. D. 先行詞person后有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)?/p>

36、, whom作從句中met的賓語(yǔ),可以省略.第二個(gè)從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可省略. 24. A. whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,whose title也可以說(shuō)成the title of which 25. A. for which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,使用介詞for,是來(lái)自于從句中的固定短語(yǔ) be famous for 以.而聞名. 26. C. 當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as. As在本從句中作主語(yǔ). 27. A. 兩個(gè)先行詞the day都是表示時(shí)間的名詞,但第一個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系副詞when. 第二個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句. 28. D. 在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語(yǔ)從句中，常用that來(lái)代替“in (或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that?？墒÷?。 29. D. for which在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),可用why 來(lái)替代. 30. B. which I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句. 31. A. The reason why was that.已成為一種