過去分詞做定語和狀語（課堂PPT）

1、分詞做定語分詞做定語和狀語和狀語2定語定語(attributive)是限定或修飾名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞是限定或修飾名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞的，常由形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語或從的詞的，常由形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語或從句擔(dān)任。根據(jù)與所修飾的詞之間的位置關(guān)系可分句擔(dān)任。根據(jù)與所修飾的詞之間的位置關(guān)系可分為前置定語和后置定語。例如：為前置定語和后置定語。例如：1.The red and big apple in mine.2. There are many fallen leaves on the ground. 3. The piano used by the teacher is very good.

2、4.Children living by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age. 5.Li Leis written English isnt as good as his spoken English. 3一、作定語一、作定語 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)表示動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)和完成，單獨(dú)及物動(dòng)詞的過的被動(dòng)和完成，單獨(dú)及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般置于被修飾名詞前，而去分詞一般置于被修飾名詞前，而過去分詞短語則要位于名詞之后。過去分詞短語則要位于名詞之后。 The lost child was found at last.The

3、child lost in the park was found at last.4 Prices of daily goods _through a computer can be lower than store prices.（2002春招）春招） are bought B. bought A.C. been bought D. buying 5 過去分詞作定語與其它非謂語形式的過去分詞作定語與其它非謂語形式的 區(qū)別區(qū)別：1. 過去分詞過去分詞done表示被動(dòng)和完成；表示被動(dòng)和完成；2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)式現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)式doing表示主動(dòng)的、表示主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；3

4、. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式being done表示被動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；4. 不定式的主動(dòng)式不定式的主動(dòng)式to do表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；5. 不定式的被動(dòng)式不定式的被動(dòng)式to be done則表示一個(gè)則表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 6 _ yesterdayThe meeting _ now (hold) _ tomorrow is of great importance. (hold) held being held to be held7 Do you know the name of the pl

5、ay_ in the hall now? A. to be put on B. being put on C. put on D. putting on CB1. Did you attend the meeting_ yesterday? -No. But I will attend the one _ tomorrow. A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being heldA8AA4. Please dont forget him. He is one of _. A. those invited B. invited those

6、C. those inviting D. inviting those3. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write9There are some sentences from the reading passage with the past participle used as the attribute: 1. his parents company named “Fu

7、ture Tours” transported me safely into (Line 5, Para1, Page 18) 2. Tomorrow you will be ready for some visits organized by the company. (The last but two line, Para4, Page 18) 10Finish Ex3 on P21 3. Now combine these two sentences using the past participle as the attribute. 1. Soon we lost sight of

8、that famous astronomer called Li Qiang. 2. I am going to buy a painting copied from Vincent van Gogh. 3. I like the old private house built of wood and mud.11 4. The room connected to the rest of the house by a long passage is completely empty. 5. The queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by f

9、our horses. 6. The vehicle mentioned in the book is unknown to me. 7. The castle built in 1432 is under repair.12狀語狀語(adverbial)是修飾動(dòng)詞，副詞，形容詞或是修飾動(dòng)詞，副詞，形容詞或整個(gè)句子的，常由副詞或相當(dāng)于副詞的短語或整個(gè)句子的，常由副詞或相當(dāng)于副詞的短語或從句擔(dān)任，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可置于動(dòng)詞之前，亦從句擔(dān)任，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可置于動(dòng)詞之前，亦可置于動(dòng)詞之后；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，常置可置于動(dòng)詞之后；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，常置于它們之前?？煞譃闀r(shí)間狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，方于它們之前。

10、可分為時(shí)間狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，方式狀語，程度狀語，目的狀語，原因狀語，結(jié)式狀語，程度狀語，目的狀語，原因狀語，結(jié)果狀語，條件狀語，讓步狀語，頻率狀語等。果狀語，條件狀語，讓步狀語，頻率狀語等。例如：例如：1.Tom runs quickly. 2.The book is well worth reading. 3.He gets up at five every morning. 4.The boys are playing on the playground. 時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語135. She always goes to school by bike.6. I arrived

11、at the cinema only to find the film finished.7. In order to catch up with his classmates in English, he studies harder.8. They didnt go to the park because of the bad weather.9. They will go to the park if the weather is fine tomorrow.10. Although she is over sixty years old , the old woman still lo

12、oks young. 頻率狀語頻率狀語結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語目的狀語目的狀語原因狀語原因狀語方式狀語方式狀語條件狀語條件狀語讓步狀語讓步狀語142 做狀語做狀語 過去分詞作狀語，在意義上相當(dāng)于一過去分詞作狀語，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。個(gè)狀語從句。1. United, we stand; divided, we fall. 如果團(tuán)結(jié)起來，我們就能成功，如如果團(tuán)結(jié)起來，我們就能成功，如果分裂，我們就會(huì)失敗。果分裂，我們就會(huì)失敗。 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.15 2. Moved by the story,

13、 he decided to study harder. 由于被這個(gè)故事感動(dòng)，他決定更加努由于被這個(gè)故事感動(dòng)，他決定更加努 力學(xué)習(xí)。力學(xué)習(xí)。 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于Because he was moved16 3. Having been shown around the library, we came to the classroombuilding. 我們參觀了圖書館后，我們來到了我們參觀了圖書館后，我們來到了教學(xué)樓前。教學(xué)樓前。 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于After we were shown around 17 4. Once visited, the city will never be forgotte

14、n. 一旦你參觀了這個(gè)城市，你就永遠(yuǎn)一旦你參觀了這個(gè)城市，你就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記它。不會(huì)忘記它。 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于Once the city is visited18 5. Although published many times, the book still sells well in the market. 雖然這本書已出版好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，但雖然這本書已出版好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，但這本書的銷售量仍很好。這本書的銷售量仍很好。 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于Although the book has been published19過去分詞作狀語，一是表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，二是表過去分詞作狀語，一是表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，二是表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。通常

15、作如下幾種狀語：動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。通常作如下幾種狀語：1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Seen from the hill 可在過去分詞前加上連詞可在過去分詞前加上連詞when, while, until等等.2. Dont speak until you are spoken to.until spoken to1. 時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語,201. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words, he did a lot of thin

16、gs to help his classmates.Greatly touched by the teachers words2. As he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do.Surprised at what happened2.211. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.Given more time2. If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into va

17、por.Heated to a high temperature221. Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.Though warned of the storm2. Even if Im invited, I wont take part in the party.Even if invited4. 231. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of stude

18、nts.Followed by a group of students2. The manager held his head high, he walked into the room.Holding his head high5. 24Difference between the Present Participle and the Past ParticipleUsed for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。 Using the book, I find it useful. 在使

19、用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。 Looking at her, he jumped with joy. Looked at by he, she felt uneasy.注意：選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看注意：選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。詞。251. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected(視察視察) his army. Followed B. Followed

20、 by C. Being followed D. having been followed2. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followedBBPractice263. _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not receivedC274. The

21、murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied5. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having givenDA286. _ his head high, the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _ then. Holding;

22、being held B. Held; holding C. Having held; held D. Held; to be held7. _, but he still could not understand it. Told many times B. Having been told many times C. He has been told many times D. Though he had been told many timesAC298.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the p

23、resident.(MET91) Ato prepare Bpreparing Cprepared Dwas preparing 309_ black and blue, the lady couldnt move. ABeaten BBeating CTo be beaten DTo beatA31Ex2 on P211. I was frightened by the loud noise. I went to see what was happening.Frightened by the loud noise, I went to see what was happening.2. H

24、e was hit by the lack of fresh air. He got a bad headache.Hit by the lack of fresh air, he got a bad headache.323. I felt very tired after the long journey. I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.Tired after the long journey, I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.4. Sue was frightened by the noise outside. She dared not sleep in her bedroom. Frightened by the