英語專業(yè)四級(jí)完形填空專項(xiàng)（課堂PPT）

1、1完形填空專項(xiàng)2（一）大綱解讀測試要求：測試要求：A. 能在全面理解所給短文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，選擇一個(gè)最佳答案使短文意思和結(jié)構(gòu)完整。B. 考試時(shí)間為10分鐘。測試形式：測試形式：本部分采用選擇題。在一篇約250個(gè)單詞、題材熟悉、難度中等的短文中留出10個(gè)空格。每個(gè)空格為一題，要求學(xué)生從所給的詞庫中選擇最佳答案。測試目的：測試目的：測試學(xué)生的綜合語言知識(shí)和技能。文章選材特點(diǎn)：文章選材特點(diǎn)：專業(yè)四級(jí)請(qǐng)按行天空選用的文章一般來自英美主流報(bào)紙雜志，語言地道，邏輯條理清晰。文體以記敘文、說明文及議論文為主。3（二）完形填空5大答題步驟1. 1. 通覽全文，把握要旨通覽全文，把握要旨記敘文：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物就

2、是關(guān)鍵詞，注意抓住故事的線索；議論文：作者的觀點(diǎn)或者立場是關(guān)鍵，要特別注意文章首尾及各段主題句；說明文：所介紹的事物的特征是關(guān)鍵。2. 2. 按詞性對(duì)詞庫中的備選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分類按詞性對(duì)詞庫中的備選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分類3. 3. 通過語法分析確定空格所填詞詞性通過語法分析確定空格所填詞詞性4. 4. 綜合考慮，選出答案綜合考慮，選出答案5. 5. 對(duì)照全文，檢查答案對(duì)照全文，檢查答案4（三）利用語法知識(shí)確定詞性和詞形一、如何確定空白處為動(dòng)詞一、如何確定空白處為動(dòng)詞1. n./pron. vt. n./pron./to do/-ing2. n./pron. vi. （空格后無賓語） 3. n./pron. vi

3、. adv./prep. （與副詞/介詞搭配）4. n./pron. link v./be adj.5. to v./-ing例： We rarely (34)_ to consider why or how they rununtil something goes wrong. （應(yīng)填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形）5（三）利用語法知識(shí)確定詞性和詞形二、如何確定空白處為分詞二、如何確定空白處為分詞1. has/have/had/ p.p.2. be p.p. (被動(dòng)語態(tài)）3. p.p. n. 或 n. p.p.（作形容詞修飾限定名詞）4. be v.-ing （進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）5. v.-ing n. 或 n.

4、v.-ing （作形容詞修飾限定名詞）例： Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be (36)_ between two floors,（根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可填入adj./v.-ing/p.p.，再根據(jù)語義作判斷應(yīng)填入p.p. trapped。）6（三）利用語法知識(shí)確定詞性和詞形三、如何確定空白處為名詞三、如何確定空白處為名詞1.

5、 a/an/the/adj./vt. n. 2. n. v. （主語）3. prep. n. (介詞賓語，此處也可以是動(dòng)名詞）例： For a great many hours, life came almost to a (35)_. (應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）7（三）利用語法知識(shí)確定詞性和詞形四、如何確定空白處為形容詞四、如何確定空白處為形容詞1. adj. n. 或 n. adj. 2. adv. adj. （此處也可是分詞）3. be/link v. adj.4. adj. adj. n. (兩個(gè)形容詞共同修飾名詞）例： In the home, many (32)_devices are

6、 powered by electricity. （可填入形容詞做前置定語）8（三）利用語法知識(shí)確定詞性和詞形五、如何確定空白處為副詞五、如何確定空白處為副詞1. adv. v. 或 v. adv.2. adv. adj.3. adv. 句子例： Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are (33)_asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. （

7、應(yīng)填入副詞修飾asleep）。9（四） 完形填空解題技巧一、確定積極還是消極意義，縮小選擇范圍一、確定積極還是消極意義，縮小選擇范圍例： People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to (stand by) in case of emergency, they were just as confused and (40) _ as anybody else. （根據(jù)confused作判斷，應(yīng)為消極意義，需選擇與confused 并列的形容詞）10（四） 完形填空解題技巧二

8、、利用詞庫中同詞性的形近詞例： Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many (32) _ devices are powered by electricity. (labor-saving; money-saving) (根據(jù)語義判斷形近詞 money-saving 為干擾項(xiàng)，應(yīng)選labor-saving)11（四） 完形填空解題技巧三、利用詞庫中的近義詞或反義詞三、利用詞庫中的近義詞或反義詞例： In the summer

9、of 1959, something did go wrong with the power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a (35)_. (pause; standstill)（根據(jù)a判斷應(yīng)填入名詞，從for a great many hours 推敲應(yīng)該是停滯不前而不是暫停，故選standstill)12（四） 完形填空解題技巧四、利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)四、利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)原詞同義詞近義詞上義詞下義詞13A. looking B. focus on C

10、. various D. extensive E. region F. differences. G. famous H. enormous I. entire J. overall K. neither L. exactly M. need. N. either O. geography Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast (1)_places on the earth. But they also go beyond

11、the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The word geography comes from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, which means “to write”. The English word geography means “to describe the earth”. Some geography books (2)_a small area like a town or city. Others dea

12、l with a (3)_, a state, a nation, or an (4)_continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another way to divide the study of (5)_ is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the latter starts with human beings and studies

13、 how human beings and their environment act upon each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (6)_branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the (7)_between places. If all places were alike, there would be little (8)

14、for geographers. We know, however, that no two places are (9)_the same. Geography, then, is a point of view, a special way of (10)_at places.14A. looking B. focus on C. various D. extensive E. region F. differences. G. famous H. enormous I. entire J. overall K. neither L. exactly M. need. N. either

15、O. geography Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast (1)_places on the earth. But they also go beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The word geography comes from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth

16、” and graphein, which means “to write”. The English word geography means “to describe the earth”. Some geography books (2)_a small area like a town or city. Others deal with a (3)_, a state, a nation, or an (4)_continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another way to divide the stud

17、y of (5)_ is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the latter starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (6)_branch can neg

18、lect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the (7)_between places. If all places were alike, there would be little (8)_ for geographers. We know, however, that no two places are (9)_the same. Geography, then, is a point of view, a special way of (10)_a

19、t places.v.-ingv.padj.adj.nn. pladj.adj.adj.n./adj. / advpron./adj.adv.v./npron./adj.nCBEIOKFMLA15 What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one (1)_there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. No two speakers speak in (2)_the same way, we can always hear di

20、fferences between them, and the pronunciation of English (3)_a great deal in different (4)_areas. How do we decide what sort of English to use as a (5)_? This is not a question that can be answered in the same way for all foreign learners of English. If you live in a part of the world, like India or

21、 West Africa, where there is a long tradition of speaking English for (6)_communication purposes, you should tend to (7)_a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be a (8)_in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or things of the sort. On the other hand, if you live in a

22、 country where there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some form of native English pronunciation. It does not (9)_very much which form your choose. The most (10)_way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.A. varies B. general C. meaning D. si

23、tuation E. possibility F. model G. acquire H. sense I. nonsense J. effective K. exactly L. geographical M. sensitive N. affect O. matter16 What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one (1)_there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. No two speakers speak in

24、 (2)_the same way, we can always hear differences between them, and the pronunciation of English (3)_a great deal in different (4)_areas. How do we decide what sort of English to use as a (5)_? This is not a question that can be answered in the same way for all foreign learners of English. If you live in a part of the world, like India or