鋼材的硬度比較

1、鋼材的硬度比較鋼材的硬度比較Hardness Comparisons for Steel與布氏硬度大致相等的硬度數(shù)值Approximate Equivalent Hardness Numbers for Brinell Hardness Numbers for Steel(s)布氏壓痕直徑毫米Brinellindentationdia.,mm10毫米標準球10mmStandardball布氏硬度球3000公斤Hultgren球Brinellhardnessball.3000-kgHultgrenball數(shù)值(b)負載碳化鎢球No. (b).loadTungstencarbideball金剛石錐

2、硬度標號DiamondpyramidhardnessNo.洛氏硬度數(shù)值(s)Rockwell hardness No. (s)洛氏表面硬度數(shù)值表面金剛石錐試頭Rockwell superficialhardness No.superficial brale penetrator肖氏scelroscope硬度數(shù)值ShorescelroscopehardnessNo.張力強度(大致為)1000 psiTensilestrength(approx.),1000 psi布氏壓痕直徑毫米Brinellindentationdia.,mmA刻度，60公斤負載，金剛石錐試頭A-scale,60-kgload

3、,bralepenetratorB刻度，100公斤負載，1/6英寸直徑球B scale,100-kgload,1/6-in.dia.ballC刻度，150公斤負載，金剛石錐試頭C-scale,150-kgload,bralepenetratorD刻度，100公斤負載，金剛石錐試頭D-scale,100-kgload,bralepenetrator15N刻度，15公斤負載15-Nscale,15-kgload30N刻度，30 公斤負載30-Nscale,30-kgload45N刻度，45公斤負載45-Nscale,45-kgload-2.25-2.30-2.35-2.40-2.452.502.5

4、52.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.954.004.054.104.204.304.404.504.604.704.804.905.005.105.205.305.405.505.60-495-477-461-444-42941540138837536335234133132131130229328527726926225524824123522922321720719718717917016315614914

5、3137131126121116111-601-578-555-534-514-495-477-461-444429415401388375363352341331321311302293285277269262255248241235229223217207197187179170163156149143137131126121116111-767757745733722712710698684682670656653647638630627-601-578-555-534-514-495-429415401388375363352341331321311302293285277269262

6、255248241235229223217207197187179170163156149143137131126121116111940920900880860840820800-78076074073772070069769068067066767764064061560759157956955354753953052851650849549147447245544042541039638337236035033932831930930129228426926926125324724123422821820719618817817116315615014313713212712211785

7、.685.385.084.784.484.183.883.4-83.082.682.282.281.881.381.281.180.880.680.580.779.879.879.178.878.478.077.877.176.976.776.476.375.975.675.174.974.374.273.472.872.071.470.670.069.368.768.167.566.966.365.765.364.664.163.063.062.561.861.460.8-110.0109.0108.5108.0107.5107.0106.0105.5104.5104.0103.0102.0

8、101.0100.099.098.297.396.494.692.890.789.086.885.082.980.878.776.474.072.069.865.765.768.067.567.066.465.965.364.764.0-63.362.561.861.761.060.160.059.759.258.858.759.157.357.356.055.654.754.053.552.552.151.651.151.050.349.648.848.547.247.145.744.543.141.840.439.137.936.635.534.333.132.130.929.928.82

9、7.626.625.424.222.821.720.518.817.515.212.710.08.05.43.30.9-76.976.576.175.775.374.874.373.8-73.372.672.172.071.570.870.770.570.169.869.770.068.768.767.767.466.766.165.865.064.764.363.963.863.262.761.961.761.060.859.758.857.856.855.754.653.852.851.951.050.049.348.347.646.745.945.044.243.242.041.440.

10、5-93.293.092.992.792.592.392.191.8-91.591.291.091.090.790.390.290.189.889.789.689.889.089.088.488.187.387.587.287.286.786.586.386.085.985.685.384.984.784.184.083.482.882.081.480.079.378.678.077.376.776.175.575.074.473.773.172.571.770.970.369.7-84.484.083.683.182.782.281.781.1-80.479.779.179.078.477.

11、677.577.276.876.476.376.875.175.173.973.572.772.071.670.770.369.969.569.468.768.267.467.266.065.864.663.562.361.159.958.757.656.455.454.353.352.251.250.349.348.347.346.245.143.942.941.9-75.474.874.273.673.172.271.871.0-70.269.468.668.567.766.766.566.265.765.365.165.763.563.562.161.660.659.859.258.05

12、7.656.956.256.155.254.553.553.251.751.549.948.446.945.343.642.040.539.137.836.434.433.832.431.229.928.527.326.024.522.821.520.1-9796959392919088-8786-8483-81-80-79-77-75-73-71-70-68-66-65-6361595856545251504847464543-4140393837363534-333230-272625-232221-20191815-3293243233283093092972932852.7927426

13、6263259254253247243237235226225217210202195188182176170166160155150145141137133129126122118115111-1051009590878379767371676563605856-2.25-2.30-2.35-2.40-2.452.502.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.954.004.054.104.204.304.4

14、04.504.604.704.804.905.005.105.205.305.405.505.60a. 與結合SAE-ASME-ASTM硬度值相應的黑體數(shù)值轉換為ASTM E48，表3。The values in bold face type correspond to the values in the Joint SAE-ASME-ASTM hardness conversions as printed in ASTM E48, Table 3. b. 布氏硬度以外加的壓痕直徑為基礎。如果在檢測期間出現(xiàn)球的變形(壓扁)，則用維氏金剛石錐硬度計、洛氏金剛石錐頭硬度計或其它隊變形不敏感的硬度計

15、試頭檢測而得的相關的布氏數(shù)值就會因這種變形的不同而有所不同。因此，對于高硬度，布氏硬度計和維氏硬度計或洛氏硬度計的檢測值之間的關系就會受到所采用的球體的影響。鋼球(標準或Hultgren)與碳化球相比會更加容易出現(xiàn)輕微的扁平，導致比碳化球更大的壓痕和更小的布氏值。因此，在640維氏硬度計試樣上，Hultgren球的壓痕是2.55毫米(578布氏硬度值)，而碳化球的壓痕是2.50毫米(601布氏硬度值)。反過來，如果兩種類型的球的壓痕直徑相同，則相當于具有不相同的維氏或洛氏硬度值。因此，如果兩種材料檢測的壓痕都是2.55毫米(578布氏硬度值)，則Hultgren球的維氏硬度值就是640，而碳化

16、球檢測的維氏硬度值就是615。Brinell numbers are based on the diameter of impressed indentation. If the ball distorts (flattens) during test, Brinell numbers will vary in accordance with the degree of such distortion when related to hardness determined with a Vickers diamond pyramid, Rockwell brale or other penet

17、rator which does not sensibly distort. At high hardness, therefore, the relationship between Brinell and Vickers or Rockwell scales is affected by the type of ball used. Steel balls (standard or Hultgren) tend to flatten slightly more than carbide balls, resulting in larger indentation and lower Brinell number than shown by a carbide ball. Thus, on a specimen of 640 Vickers, a Hultgren ball will leave a 2.55 mm impression (578 Bhn) and the carbide ball a 2.50 mm impression (601 Bhn). Conversely, identical impression diameters for both types of ball will correspond