英語(yǔ)湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試要點(diǎn)解讀

1、2015年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試要點(diǎn)解讀英 語(yǔ)湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試大綱編寫(xiě)組二一四年八月前言2015年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試要點(diǎn)解讀（以下簡(jiǎn)稱解讀）是在2014年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試要點(diǎn)解讀的基礎(chǔ)上修訂完成的，是與2015年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試大綱（以下簡(jiǎn)稱考綱）配套使用的學(xué)業(yè)水平考試復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)叢書(shū)。解讀面向全體高中學(xué)生，旨在幫助高中教師與學(xué)生理解考綱，對(duì)高中教學(xué)加以積極的影響，減輕高中學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，推進(jìn)高中新課程，促進(jìn)高中學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展和素質(zhì)教育的全面實(shí)施。解讀所要“解讀”的不只是學(xué)業(yè)水平考試的內(nèi)容和形式，更重要的是要體現(xiàn)建立這一考試制度的目的和任務(wù)回歸基礎(chǔ)教育的本

2、源，構(gòu)建一個(gè)衡量高中教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量，促進(jìn)學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)體系。因此，解讀面向全體高中學(xué)生，特別注重各學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)方法指導(dǎo)，特別注重訓(xùn)練能力層級(jí)和難度的梯度分布。解讀大體上分為考試目標(biāo)、知識(shí)清單、要點(diǎn)解讀、達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)和綜合測(cè)試等五個(gè)板塊，各板塊的內(nèi)容依據(jù)考綱和高中教材的必修學(xué)分模塊編寫(xiě)。由于各學(xué)科特點(diǎn)的不同，編寫(xiě)體例也根據(jù)需要做了些小調(diào)整。像所有的新生事物一樣，學(xué)業(yè)水平考試作為一種新的考試制度也有一個(gè)逐步完善的過(guò)程，因此，歡迎來(lái)自各個(gè)方面，特別是高中師生的建設(shè)性的意見(jiàn)。當(dāng)然，解讀也要聽(tīng)取大家的意見(jiàn)與建議，才不會(huì)停下不斷完善的腳步。2015年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試大綱專家組2014年8月目錄Mo

3、dule 1 Unit 1 School life1Module 1 Unit 2 Growing pains9Module 1 Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good15Module 2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained20Module 2 Unit 2 Wish you were here27Module 2 Unit 3 Amazing people33Module 3 Unit1 The world of our senses錯(cuò)誤！未定義書(shū)簽。Module 3 Unit 2 Language錯(cuò)誤！未定義書(shū)簽。Module 3 U

4、nit 3 Back to the past錯(cuò)誤！未定義書(shū)簽。Module 4 Unit 1 Advertising55Module 4 Unit 2 Sporting events62Module 4 Unit 3 Tomorrows world66Module 5 Unit 1 Getting along with others69Module 5 Unit 2 The environment78Module 5 Unit 3 Science versus nature83湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試模擬試題參考答案Module 1 Unit 1 School life考試目標(biāo)1. 檢測(cè)與校

5、園生活話題有關(guān)的詞匯的識(shí)記、理解和運(yùn)用。2. 檢測(cè)定語(yǔ)從句that, which, who, whom和whose 的用法。3. 檢測(cè)與校園生活話題有關(guān)的讀寫(xiě)能力。知識(shí)清單（一）重點(diǎn)單詞默寫(xiě)1. 有樂(lè)趣的 adj. _ 2. 獲得；賺，掙得 vt. _3. 致力于，獻(xiàn)身 vt. _ 4. 一般的，普通的；平均的 adj._5. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的 adj. _ 6. 額外的，外加的 adj. _7. 準(zhǔn)備 n. _ 8. 滿意 n. _9. 交流；交換 n. & vt. _ 10. 經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn) vt. _11. 畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)生 vi. & n._ 12. 捐贈(zèng) vt. _13. 通知，

6、告知 vt. _ 14. 批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)；贊成vt. & vi. _15. 選擇，挑選 vt. _（二）重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)默寫(xiě)1. 免費(fèi)的 _2. 愛(ài)好，喜愛(ài) _ 3. 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管 _4. 回顧，回憶 _5. 利用 _要點(diǎn)解讀 （一）詞匯解讀1experience n. C 經(jīng)歷，閱歷 U 經(jīng)驗(yàn) vi. & vt. 體驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷【基本構(gòu)詞】experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的【短語(yǔ)搭配】have experience in /of doing sth. 有做某事的經(jīng)驗(yàn) be experienced in /at doing sth. 做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn) experienced teachers

7、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師【典型例句】I know from experience that he will arrive late. 我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我，他會(huì)遲到的。2devote vi. & vt. 將.奉獻(xiàn)（給）；把.專用（于）【短語(yǔ)搭配】devote to 把.獻(xiàn)給；把.專用于 devote oneself to 致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；專心于【典型例句】He devoted himself to writing. 他專心寫(xiě)作。He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他把一生都獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。3satisfaction n. 滿意；

8、滿足【基本構(gòu)詞】satisfy vt. 滿足（欲望）；使?jié)M意 satisfying adj.令人滿意的，令人滿足的（指事物本身的性質(zhì)）satisfied adj.感到滿意的【短語(yǔ)搭配】with (great) satisfaction （非常）滿意地；（很）滿足地 express ones satisfaction at / with 對(duì)表示滿意 to ones satisfaction 使某人滿意的是 be satisfied + that-clause 確信【典型例句】I am very satisfied that the steps taken today are the right

9、steps. 我確信（我們）今天采取的措施是正確的。4charge n. 負(fù)責(zé)；掌管 vt. 使承擔(dān)責(zé)任；收費(fèi) 【短語(yǔ)搭配】in / under the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé) have / take charge of 照顧；管理，負(fù)責(zé) in charge of 主管 free of charge 免費(fèi)地 charge sb. for sth. 因某物收某人多少錢 【典型例句】Soon he will take charge of the department. 他很快會(huì)來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)管理這個(gè)部門。The ticket is free of charge. 這票是免費(fèi)的。5preparation

10、 n. 準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備【基本構(gòu)詞】prepare vi. & vt. 準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備 prepared adj. 準(zhǔn)備好的【短語(yǔ)搭配】make preparations for = prepare for為做準(zhǔn)備 prepare sb. for sth. / to do sth. 某物 be prepared for 對(duì)做好準(zhǔn)備 be prepared to do sth. 愿意做某事，樂(lè)意做某事 prepare a meal / ones lesson 準(zhǔn)備飯 / 功課【典型例句】The secretary has prepared the president a long report.

11、秘書(shū)已為董事長(zhǎng)準(zhǔn)備好了一份長(zhǎng)篇報(bào)告稿。6inform vt. 通知；告訴；報(bào)告【基本構(gòu)詞】information n. 信息，資料；知識(shí)；情報(bào)；通知 informative adj. 教育性的，有益的；情報(bào)的；見(jiàn)聞廣博的【短語(yǔ)搭配】inform sb. of sth. 通知某人有關(guān)某事 rmed 隨時(shí)向.報(bào)告情況【典型例句】How do I inform them of my arrival time? 我要怎么通知他們我到達(dá)的時(shí)間呢？ （二）句型解讀Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China. 他一完

12、成學(xué)業(yè)，就開(kāi)始了中國(guó)之旅。【句型】On / Upon+sth. / doing 一就【精講】Upon / On arriving home, my mother started cooking. 媽媽一到家就燒飯。Upon / On her arrival at home, my mother started cooking.【拓展】On / Upon + sth. / doing 一就?？捎胊s soon as, the moment, immediately等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)替換。例如：As soon as / The moment / Immediately he finished

13、his studies, he started travelling in China.（三）語(yǔ)法解讀定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞1who 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。2whom 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要見(jiàn)的男孩。3which 指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷浴his is the pen ( which ) he bought yest

14、erday. 這是他昨天買的鋼筆。4that 指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那個(gè)人在哪兒？5whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)，表示所屬關(guān)系。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜訪了一個(gè)全國(guó)知名的科學(xué)家。達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1. I think this is all _ the girl stud

15、ent wants to tell you about her school life.A. who B. whom C. that D. what2. The music _ is played by the school radio club is very popular with everyone.A. what B. / C. who D. which3. Many Chinese _ have been to the UK share the same experiences.A. whoseB. whoC. whichD. / 4. The library _ books are

16、 various opens every afternoon except Sunday.A. whose B. whom C. who D. that5. Mr Owen, _ we will invite to our meeting, is a visiting professor from the USA.A. what B. which C. whomD. whose（二）雙向翻譯 請(qǐng)根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，將文章中劃線部分譯成漢語(yǔ)或者英語(yǔ)。Former student returns from ChinaDavid Holmes studied at our school from 200

17、1 to 2004. He was one of the most helpful students that we ever had. In 2004, he went to Oxford University where (1) 他對(duì)中國(guó)文化產(chǎn)生了興趣.After graduating from university, David went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University. Two years later, he was able to speak fluent Chinese. Up

18、on finishing his studies, (2) David started travelling in China. Some of the cities in China which he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing. In China he developed an interest in teaching English to Chinese students, most of whom have become his friends.(3) 兩個(gè)月前，大衛(wèi)返回到了英國(guó). He brought ba

19、ck from China many interesting books, paintings and photos. He donated most of them to our school library. The paintings are being shown in the exhibition room.Next month we will have our school open day. (4) We have invited David to be our guest speaker. (5) He will give us a talk about his experie

20、nces in China. At the end of his speech, there will be 30 minutes for questions and answers. So come and meet David at the open day.1_2_3_4_5_Unit 2 Growing pains考試目標(biāo)1. 檢測(cè)與青少年成長(zhǎng)話題有關(guān)的詞匯的識(shí)記、理解和運(yùn)用。2. 檢測(cè)定語(yǔ)從句介詞which, 介詞whom, when, where和why的用法。3. 檢測(cè)與青少年成長(zhǎng)話題有關(guān)的讀寫(xiě)能力。知識(shí)清單（一）重點(diǎn)單詞默寫(xiě)1. 窗簾；幕布 n._ 2. 受驚的；害怕的 adj

21、. _3. 挨餓；餓死；使挨餓 vt. & vi. _ 4. 現(xiàn)金 n. _5. 成年人 n. _ 6. 容忍；允許 vt. _7. 行為；舉止 n. _ 8. 值得；應(yīng)得 vt. _9. 使不高興；不高興的 vt. & adj._ 10. 粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)禮的 adj. _ 11. 苦干的，勤奮的 adj. _ 12. 爭(zhēng)吵，辯論；論點(diǎn) n. _ 13. 愚蠢的 adj. _ 14. 耐心 n. _ 15. 平衡；抵消 n. _（二）重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)默寫(xiě)1. 迫不及待地做某事 _2. 應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)_ 3. 對(duì)苛刻，對(duì)嚴(yán)厲 _4. 既然 _ 5. 熬夜 _ 6. 混淆，弄亂_7. 好像，似乎_

22、 8. 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 _ 9. 現(xiàn)在_ 10. 與一起_要點(diǎn)解讀（一）詞匯解讀1frighten vi. & vt. （使）驚嚇,（使）驚恐【基本構(gòu)詞】frightening adj. 令人驚恐的 / 恐怖的（常用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物的特征） frightened adj. 恐懼的，害怕的，受驚的（常用來(lái)說(shuō)明人的心理狀態(tài)）。類似性質(zhì)的單詞還有: worried / worrying, pleased / pleasing, excited / exciting, encouraged / encouraging, interested / interesting, satisfied / sa

23、tisfying, bored / boring, scared / scaring, surprised / surprising, frustrated / frustrating等?！镜湫屠洹縏he film is very frightening. 這部影片非常恐怖。The frightened children were calling for their mothers. 受驚的孩子們呼喊著找媽媽。2deserve vt. 應(yīng)得，值得，應(yīng)受【基本用法】deserve +名詞 / 代詞 deserve + to do（主動(dòng)意義） deserve + to be done（被動(dòng)意義）

24、 deserve +動(dòng)名詞（主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義）【典型例句】Youre very talented. You deserve a better job. 你很有能力，應(yīng)該有一份更好的工作。 He, being so rude, deserves criticizing. 他不禮貌，應(yīng)當(dāng)受到批評(píng)。3insist vi. & vt. 堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)決主張，堅(jiān)持要求【基本用法】insist on / upon (doing) sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事 if you insist 如果你一定要堅(jiān)持的話（常用于口語(yǔ)中，表示勉強(qiáng)同意）【典型例句】She insisted that he was wrong

25、. 她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他錯(cuò)了。（表示“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為”時(shí)，接that從句，從句的動(dòng)作多為已發(fā)生之事，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。）【典型例句】He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts. 他堅(jiān)持要我們接受這些禮物。（表示“堅(jiān)決主張；堅(jiān)持要求”時(shí)，接that從句，從句的動(dòng)作為將要發(fā)生之事，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即：主語(yǔ)+（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。）4forbid vt. (forbade, forbidden) 禁止；妨礙，阻止【基本用法】 forbid sb. to do sth. = forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid d

26、oing 禁止做某事 【典型例句】The new law forbids smoking in offices. 新法律禁止在辦公室抽煙。（二）句型解讀But, butyou werent supposed to come home until tomorrow! 但，但是你們應(yīng)該明天才到家的呀！【句型】be supposed to 【精講】（1）表示按照義務(wù)、規(guī)則、規(guī)律或約定“理應(yīng)，應(yīng)該”；（2）可以理解為“被認(rèn)為，被看作是”。【典型例句】 He is supposed to arrive before six oclock. 他應(yīng)該六點(diǎn)之前到。（三）語(yǔ)法解讀定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞1. 關(guān)系副詞

27、where, when和why，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。 The mountain where the volcano lies is not far from here.（where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于in the mountain，從句修飾the mountain）那座有火山的山離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。The days when people felt content with a simple life are forever gone.（when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于in the days，構(gòu)成從句修飾the days）人們滿足于簡(jiǎn)單生活的日子一去不復(fù)返了。He gave us no rea

28、son why he took the job.（why在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于for the reason，構(gòu)成從句修飾reason）他沒(méi)有告訴我們他做這份工作的理由。2. 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞which / whom當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以將介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前，以強(qiáng)調(diào)介詞和關(guān)系代詞的介賓關(guān)系，介詞+ which / whom在從句中作狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。有些情況下，介詞+ which相當(dāng)于where / when / why。例如：The man with whom you talked is an expert on earthquake.（with whom在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，修

29、飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞talked）和你說(shuō)話的人是一位地震專家。達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1. Spring is the season _ people grow most crops and plant trees.A. for whichB. when C. where D. on which2. American English, _ there are more borrowed words, seems simpler in spelling.A. at whichB. whyC. whenD. in which3. I know the way to the shop _ my father b

30、ought me this bicycle.A. whyB. whenC. whereD. how4. This is the hotel _ we are planning to stay during our travel in Hong Kong.A. at whichB. on whichC. from whichD. to which5. Nowadays there are some good reasons _ young people prefer shopping online. A. whichB. whenC. whereD. why（二）完形填空 閱讀下面短文。掌握其大

31、意，然后從各題所給的、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Mom and Dad went out for vacation. They had left Daniel, the 1 of the two boys, in charge. They thought the boys could get on quite well with everything at home while they were away. All went on well, 2 Spot, their dog, fell ill.Mom and Dad came back home one day earlier

32、 than 3 . They were very angry when they found garbage all over the room and Spot was starving. Mom wanted to know 4 the children handled the money, which they were 5 to use for dog food. Dad thought Daniel had failed to act like an adult, and he wouldnt like to listen to Daniels 6 . Instead, he sho

33、uted at him. He even felt like teaching Daniel a lesson because of his 7 behaviour. Daniel ran into his bedroom. He thought he was just a teenager and it wasnt his 8 . It was because Spot was sick and they had to take him to the clinic. They used the money and spent the whole day there, so they had

34、no time to clean the 9 . Mom soon realized they might be too hard on Daniel. She 10 Dad go and ask what had happened while they were on vacation.1. A. heavierB. olderC. shorterD. thinner2. A. soB. andC. orD. but3. A. expected B. spentC. askedD. needed4. A. whatB. whyC. how D. when5. A. supposedB. fo

35、rbiddenC. doubtedD. said6. A. songB. promiseC. adviceD. explanation7. A. goodB. gentleC. rudeD. great8. A. ideaB. fault C. decisionD. way9. A. clinic B. houseC. shop D. garden10. A. wishedB. orderedC. suggestedD. believedUnit 3 Looking good, feeling good考試目標(biāo)1. 檢測(cè)與健康話題有關(guān)的詞匯的識(shí)記、理解和運(yùn)用。2. 檢測(cè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句和反意疑

36、問(wèn)句的用法。3. 檢測(cè)與健康話題有關(guān)的讀寫(xiě)能力。知識(shí)清單（一）重點(diǎn)單詞默寫(xiě)1. 體形；數(shù)字；人物 n. _ 2. 慚愧的，羞愧的 adj. _3. 精力充沛的，充滿活力的 adj. _ 4. 恢復(fù)；重新獲得 vt. & vi. _5. 損害；傷害 vt. & n. _ 6. 有吸引力的，有魅力的 adj. _7. 壓力 n. _ 8. 更喜歡 vt. _9. 影響；（病毒）感染 vt. _10. 器材；設(shè)備 n. _11. 成就 n. _12. 專家 n. _13. 尷尬的，難為情的 adj. _14. 身體，（器官）系統(tǒng)；制度 n. _15. 集中（注意力，思想等）；全神貫注

37、 vt. & vi. _（二）重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)默寫(xiě)1. 鍛煉 _2. 節(jié)食 _3.（頭發(fā)等）脫落_4. 強(qiáng)身健體 _5. 充分利用 _ 6. 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看 _ 7. 事實(shí)上 _要點(diǎn)解讀（一）詞匯解讀1contain vi. & vt. 包含，包括；能容納【基本構(gòu)詞】container n. 容器【詞語(yǔ)辨析】include和contain的用法比較include: 指在整體中能明確界定的幾個(gè)部分，某整體包含或容納某一部分。【典型例句】The health club includes a gym, a swimming pool, and a locker room.健身俱樂(lè)部包括體操房，

38、游泳池和更衣室。contain：指容器、空間里所有東西，側(cè)重所含的量與成分?！镜湫屠洹縏he bowl contains a variety of fruits. 碗里裝有各種水果。注：include常以including名詞代詞或名詞代詞included的形式來(lái)舉例，解釋或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明?！镜湫屠洹縈any women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, including my mother.= Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, my mother included. 許多婦女，包

39、括我媽媽在內(nèi)，在等著買那種布料。2prefer vt. 更喜歡【基本構(gòu)詞】preference n. 偏愛(ài)，傾向；優(yōu)先權(quán)【短語(yǔ)搭配】prefer sth. / doing sth.寧愿，更喜歡 prefer sb. to do 愿意某人做 prefer to do 愿意做 prefer to do A rather than do B = prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 寧愿做而不愿做 【典型例句】I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities. 我喜歡安靜的鄉(xiāng)村勝過(guò)喧鬧的城市。She has always pr

40、eferred making her own clothes to buying them in the shops. 她向來(lái)喜歡自己做衣服，而不到商店里去買衣服。3count vi. 認(rèn)為，算作；重要 vt. 數(shù)數(shù)【短語(yǔ)搭配】count in 把計(jì)算在內(nèi)；包括在內(nèi)；把考慮在內(nèi)；包括 count as視為；算是；看成 count on依靠 count out點(diǎn)數(shù)；不把算在內(nèi)【典型例句】They are counting the books they collected. 他們正在數(shù)收集來(lái)的書(shū)。In sport what really counts is not the winning but

41、the playing. 就運(yùn)動(dòng)而言，重要的不是贏而是參與。4damage vt. & n. 損害，傷害【短語(yǔ)搭配】do damage to 對(duì)造成損害 【典型例句】The heavy rain didnt do much damage to the crops. 這次暴風(fēng)雨沒(méi)有對(duì)農(nóng)作物造成很大的損失?！驹~語(yǔ)辨析】damage, destroy, ruin的區(qū)別1) damage 指“損壞”，一般暗示損壞后價(jià)值或效益會(huì)降低，這種損壞是部分性的。例如：Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness. 由于長(zhǎng)期生

42、病，她的心臟受到了輕度損傷。2) destroy意為“破壞，摧毀；消滅，毀滅”，指完全徹底地破壞，含有無(wú)法修復(fù)之意。例如：The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 這座房子被大火燒光了。3) ruin意為“破壞；使毀滅；破產(chǎn)”，經(jīng)常指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度?！镜湫屠洹縏he heavy rain ruined our holiday. 大雨把我們的假期徹底搞糟了。（二）句型解讀However, your mother knows the best: nothing is more important than health.

43、 但是，你媽媽她最清楚不過(guò)：沒(méi)有什么比健康更重要?！揪湫汀縩othing（或no +名詞）+動(dòng)詞（常用be）+比較級(jí)+than【精講】此句型意為“沒(méi)有比更”。這是用否定詞與比較級(jí)形式一起表最高級(jí)意義的句型。1) Nothing is more valuable than time, but nothing is less valued. 沒(méi)有比時(shí)間更貴重的東西，但也沒(méi)有比它更受輕視的東西。2) No place is better than ones home. 沒(méi)有任何地方比得上自己的家。（三）語(yǔ)法解讀 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句的分類（1）限定性定語(yǔ)從句：起著界定先行詞的身份、而不至與同類人或事物混

44、淆的作用，一般不用逗號(hào)將它與主句隔開(kāi)。 The one of my brothers who is in the army now used to be an art student. 我的一個(gè)在當(dāng)兵的兄弟學(xué)過(guò)藝術(shù)。（定語(yǔ)從句界定one of my brothers的身份：有多個(gè)兄弟，這里指的是當(dāng)兵的兄弟）The travellers who had already been informed of the flood stopped their journey. 那些已經(jīng)獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人暫停了行程。（只有獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人才終止了行程，沒(méi)有獲悉洪災(zāi)的路人并沒(méi)有暫停其行程。）（2）非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：

45、不起界定先行詞身份的作用，因?yàn)橄刃性~身份已經(jīng)為讀者或聽(tīng)話人所明確而不會(huì)混淆（要么由于同類只有其一個(gè)，或者上下文已經(jīng)讓讀者或聽(tīng)話人明確其身份），而是起著給先行詞增加信息的作用。一般要用逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi)。不能用that引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。My brother, who is in the army now, used to be an artist. 我兄弟學(xué)過(guò)藝術(shù)，他現(xiàn)在當(dāng)兵。（只有一個(gè)兄弟）The travellers, who had already been informed of the flood, stopped their journey. 由于路人們已經(jīng)獲悉了洪災(zāi)，他們都暫停了行

46、程。（所有的路人們都終止了其行程，用從句順便說(shuō)明一下其原因）反意疑問(wèn)句，亦可稱之為附加疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句部分用降調(diào)表示說(shuō)話人期待對(duì)方同意自己的想法或看法，有時(shí)甚至相當(dāng)于感嘆句的作用；用升調(diào)則表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)沒(méi)有把握的事情進(jìn)行詢問(wèn)。構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句的基本法則：（1）陳述句是肯定句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句必須是否定形式；陳述句是否定句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句必須是肯定形式。同時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句的人稱代詞和時(shí)態(tài)要與主句保持一致。例如：Daniel and Eric are very smart boys, arent they? 丹尼爾和埃里克是非常聰明的孩子，是吧？You dont feel so energetic, do

47、you? 你感覺(jué)精力不那么充沛，是不是？Jenny found it great fun to study Chinese, didnt she? 珍妮發(fā)覺(jué)學(xué)中文挺有趣，是不是？（2）當(dāng)主句有否定代詞（如：nothing, no one, nobody, few, little, neither, none等）或者有否定副詞（如：never, hardly, seldom等）時(shí)，通常被視為否定句，所以簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句必須是肯定形式。但是，如果句中有通過(guò)加前綴或后綴變成含有否定意思的詞（如：disagree不同意, careless粗心的, untidy不整齊的, impossible不可能的），則

48、此句不能視為否定句。例如：Few of the students can swim, can they? 沒(méi)有幾個(gè)學(xué)生會(huì)游泳，是嗎？It is impossible for humans to climb that high, isnt it? 人類不可能爬那么高，是不是？（3）當(dāng)主句是祈使句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句常用will you；不過(guò)，如果主句是Lets開(kāi)頭的話，那么簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句就用shall we。例如：Remember me to your parents, will you? 代我向你父母表示問(wèn)候，好嗎？Dont be late for school next time, will you? 下次上學(xué)別遲到了，好嗎？Lets keep in touch with each other in future, shall we? 我們今后相互保持聯(lián)系，好嗎？達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1. Henry drove his car carelessly, _ caused a traffic accident.A. thatB. whichC